Statins are associated with reduced risk of gastric cancer: A meta-analysis

• Published in: European journal of clinical pharmacology Vol. 69; no. 10; pp. 1855 - 1860
• Main Authors: Wu, Xiao-Dan, Zeng, Kai, Xue, Fang-Qin, Chen, Jin-Hua, Chen, Yan-Qing
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.10.2013; Springer; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Biological and medical sciences; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Drug Utilization - statistics & numerical data; Drug Utilization - trends; Gastric cancer; Gastroenterology. Liver. Pancreas. Abdomen; Humans; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors - administration & dosage; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors - therapeutic use; Medical sciences; Meta-analysis; Multiple tumors. Solid tumors. Tumors in childhood (general aspects); Observational Studies as Topic; Pharmacoepidemiology and Prescription; Pharmacology; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Pharmacology/Toxicology; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Risk; Statins; Stomach Neoplasms - epidemiology; Stomach Neoplasms - prevention & control; Stomach. Duodenum. Small intestine. Colon. Rectum. Anus; Tumors; Gastric cancer; Statin; Meta-analysis; Human; Statin derivative; Malignant tumor; Stomach cancer; Metaanalysis; Risk factor; Digestive diseases; Cancer; Gastric disease; Antilipemic agent
• ISSN: 0031-6970; 1432-1041; 1432-1041
• DOI: 10.1007/s00228-013-1547-z

Background Statins are widely prescribed to reduce cholesterol levels in the prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. However, the debate about the effect of statins on cancer risk remains unsettled. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of utilization of statins with the risk of gastric cancer by carrying out a meta-analysis. Methods A literature search was performed on PubMed and EMBASE up to March 2013 to identify the cohort or case–control studies or randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined the relationship between statins use and the risk of gastric cancer. The bibliographies of the retrieved articles were also reviewed to identify additional studies. A random-effects model was used to calculate the summary relative risks (RRs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). Results Three post-hoc analyses of 26 RCTs involving 290 gastric cancers and eight observational studies totaling 7,321 gastric cancers were included. Statins use was shown to be significantly associated with a 27 % reduction in the risk of gastric cancer (RR = 0.73, 95 % CI = 0.58–0.93), with considerable heterogeneity among studies ( I 2  = 88.9 %). Excluding one study in which all subjects are diabetic patients obtained an attenuated, but homogeneous result (RR = 0.85, 95 % CI = 0.80–0.91, I 2  = 0.0 %). These findings were consistent in the subgroup analysis. Conclusion A meta-analysis of existing evidence, primarily from observational studies, indicates that use of statins reduces the risk of gastric cancer.