Quantifying the system-wide recovery potential of waste in the global paper life cycle
•The recovery potential of waste flows in the global paper life cycle is estimated.•An ideal life cycle features complete fulfilment of the recovery potential of waste.•The Recycled Input Rate (RIR) is 38% in 2012 and 67–73% in the ideal life cycle.•The landfill intensity may be reduced from 331–473...
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| Published in | Resources, conservation and recycling Vol. 134; pp. 48 - 60 |
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| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Elsevier B.V
01.07.2018
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0921-3449 1879-0658 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.02.026 |
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| Abstract | •The recovery potential of waste flows in the global paper life cycle is estimated.•An ideal life cycle features complete fulfilment of the recovery potential of waste.•The Recycled Input Rate (RIR) is 38% in 2012 and 67–73% in the ideal life cycle.•The landfill intensity may be reduced from 331–473 kg/t paper to 0–2.6 kg/t paper.•The results reflect optimistic assumptions and maximum technical possibilities.
Waste from the global paper life cycle can be a lost economic opportunity and a risk to the natural environment and human health. This study assesses the recovery potential of major waste flows in the global paper life cycle to support improvements in material use. The “recovery potential” indicator shows the technical possibility for extracting value from waste through recycling and other forms of recovery. The potential is identified through a review of recovery technologies that are currently applied or likely to be commercially available by the year 2050. The analysis compares current material use in the global paper life cycle with an ideal scenario in which the recovery potential of all major waste flows is fulfilled. In the ideal scenario, the Recycled Input Ratio (RIR) is increased from 38% to 67%–73% and the landfill intensity is reduced from 331–473 kg/t paper to 0–2.6 kg/t paper. The reduction in required landfill space is achieved mainly through increased consumer waste recycling. Better management of industrial waste from the paper sector has a rather limited impact on the RIR and landfill intensity. The conditions for successful recovery of waste are discussed separately. The analysis shows that the recovery potential indicator can be usefully applied to estimate potential improvements in complex material systems and the findings may inform policies for resource efficiency and the circular economy. |
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| AbstractList | Waste from the global paper life cycle can be a lost economic opportunity and a risk to the natural environment and human health. This study assesses the recovery potential of major waste flows in the global paper life cycle to support improvements in material use. The “recovery potential” indicator shows the technical possibility for extracting value from waste through recycling and other forms of recovery. The potential is identified through a review of recovery technologies that are currently applied or likely to be commercially available by the year 2050. The analysis compares current material use in the global paper life cycle with an ideal scenario in which the recovery potential of all major waste flows is fulfilled. In the ideal scenario, the Recycled Input Ratio (RIR) is increased from 38% to 67%–73% and the landfill intensity is reduced from 331–473 kg/t paper to 0–2.6 kg/t paper. The reduction in required landfill space is achieved mainly through increased consumer waste recycling. Better management of industrial waste from the paper sector has a rather limited impact on the RIR and landfill intensity. The conditions for successful recovery of waste are discussed separately. The analysis shows that the recovery potential indicator can be usefully applied to estimate potential improvements in complex material systems and the findings may inform policies for resource efficiency and the circular economy. •The recovery potential of waste flows in the global paper life cycle is estimated.•An ideal life cycle features complete fulfilment of the recovery potential of waste.•The Recycled Input Rate (RIR) is 38% in 2012 and 67–73% in the ideal life cycle.•The landfill intensity may be reduced from 331–473 kg/t paper to 0–2.6 kg/t paper.•The results reflect optimistic assumptions and maximum technical possibilities. Waste from the global paper life cycle can be a lost economic opportunity and a risk to the natural environment and human health. This study assesses the recovery potential of major waste flows in the global paper life cycle to support improvements in material use. The “recovery potential” indicator shows the technical possibility for extracting value from waste through recycling and other forms of recovery. The potential is identified through a review of recovery technologies that are currently applied or likely to be commercially available by the year 2050. The analysis compares current material use in the global paper life cycle with an ideal scenario in which the recovery potential of all major waste flows is fulfilled. In the ideal scenario, the Recycled Input Ratio (RIR) is increased from 38% to 67%–73% and the landfill intensity is reduced from 331–473 kg/t paper to 0–2.6 kg/t paper. The reduction in required landfill space is achieved mainly through increased consumer waste recycling. Better management of industrial waste from the paper sector has a rather limited impact on the RIR and landfill intensity. The conditions for successful recovery of waste are discussed separately. The analysis shows that the recovery potential indicator can be usefully applied to estimate potential improvements in complex material systems and the findings may inform policies for resource efficiency and the circular economy. |
| Author | Park, Joo Young Chertow, Marian R. van Ewijk, Stijn |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Stijn orcidid: 0000-0002-8894-4692 surname: van Ewijk fullname: van Ewijk, Stijn email: stijn.ewijk.13@ucl.ac.uk organization: Institute for Sustainable Resources, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom – sequence: 2 givenname: Joo Young surname: Park fullname: Park, Joo Young organization: School of Management, Universidad de los Andes, Bogota, Colombia – sequence: 3 givenname: Marian R. surname: Chertow fullname: Chertow, Marian R. organization: School of Forestry & Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, United States |
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| Snippet | •The recovery potential of waste flows in the global paper life cycle is estimated.•An ideal life cycle features complete fulfilment of the recovery potential... Waste from the global paper life cycle can be a lost economic opportunity and a risk to the natural environment and human health. This study assesses the... |
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| SubjectTerms | human health Industrial symbiosis industrial wastes issues and policy landfills Pulp and paper Recovery potential Recycling risk Waste management |
| Title | Quantifying the system-wide recovery potential of waste in the global paper life cycle |
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