Tensile behaviour of magnesia carbon refractories
The determination of the Young's modulus and the tensile strength of heterogeneous refractories are the subjects of this paper. Great differences have been observed for a similar material according to both the usual tests performed and the interpretation proposed to define these properties. The...
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| Published in | Journal of the European Ceramic Society Vol. 20; no. 12; pp. 2239 - 2248 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Oxford
Elsevier Ltd
01.11.2000
Elsevier |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0955-2219 1873-619X |
| DOI | 10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1 |
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| Abstract | The determination of the Young's modulus and the tensile strength of heterogeneous refractories are the subjects of this paper. Great differences have been observed for a similar material according to both the usual tests performed and the interpretation proposed to define these properties. The causes of the discrepancies of the Young's modulus under compression and tensile loading are examined in detail. Then, it is shown that (i) the accuracy measurement of the deflexion in the bend test with a particular device and (ii) the integration of the shearing distorsion in the calculation of the deflexion by the classical beam theory, allow for finding the appropriate value of the Young's modulus. The classical definition of the modulus of rupture (
M.O.R.) is also examined. Considering a nonlinear behaviour of the refractory, it is shown by finite element analysis of the beam, that the
M.O.R. overestimates the tensile strength. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | The determination of the Young's modulus and the tensile strength of heterogeneous refractories are the subjects of this paper. Great differences have been observed for a similar material according to both the usual tests performed and the interpretation proposed to define these properties. The causes of the discrepancies of the Young's modulus under compression and tensile loading are examined in detail. Then, it is shown that (i) the accuracy measurement of the deflexion in the bend test with a particular device and (ii) the integration of the shearing distorsion in the calculation of the deflexion by the classical beam theory, allow for finding the appropriate value of the Young's modulus. The classical definition of the modulus of rupture (
M.O.R.) is also examined. Considering a nonlinear behaviour of the refractory, it is shown by finite element analysis of the beam, that the
M.O.R. overestimates the tensile strength. The determination of Young's modulus and tensile strength of heterogeneous refractories is studied. Great differences were observed according to both the usual tests performed and the interpretation proposed to define these properties. The causes of discrepancies of Young's modulus under compressive and tensile loading are examined in detail. It is shown that (i) the accuracy of measurement of the deflection in the bend test with a particular device and (ii) the integration of the shearing distortion in the calculation of the deflection by the classical beam theory, allow the determination of the appropriate value of Young's modulus. The classical definition of the modulus of rupture (MOR) is also examined. Considering a nonlinear behaviour of the refractory, it is shown by finite element analysis of the beam, that the MOR overestimates the tensile strength. 22 refs. The determination of the Young's modulus and the tensile strength of heterogeneous refractories are the subjects of this paper. Great differences have been observed for a similar material according to both the usual tests performed and the interpretation proposed to define these properties. The causes of the discrepancies of the Young's modulus under compression and tensile loading are examined in detail. Then, it is shown that (i) the accuracy measurement of the deflexion in the bend test with a particular device and (ii) the integration of the shearing distorsion in the calculation of the deflexion by the classical beam theory, allow for finding the appropriate value of the Young's modulus. The classical definition of the modulus of rupture (M.O.R.) is also examined.Considering a nonlinear behaviour of the refractory, it is shown by finite element analysis of the beam, that the M.O.R. over- estimates the tensile strength. |
| Author | Poirier, J Berthaud, Y Schmitt, N |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: N surname: Schmitt fullname: Schmitt, N organization: LMT-Cachan, ENS de Cachan (CNRS) Université Paris 6, 61, Ave. du Président Wilson, F94235 Cachan Cedex, France – sequence: 2 givenname: Y surname: Berthaud fullname: Berthaud, Y organization: LMT-Cachan, ENS de Cachan (CNRS) Université Paris 6, 61, Ave. du Président Wilson, F94235 Cachan Cedex, France – sequence: 3 givenname: J surname: Poirier fullname: Poirier, J organization: CRDM/SOLLAC, Grande Synthe, F-59 381 Dunkerque Cedex, France |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1999)125:8(906) 10.1016/0008-8846(91)90055-M 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1989)115:4(755) 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1990.tb06493.x 10.1007/978-3-662-02296-2 |
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| Keywords | Mechanical properties Elastic modulus Refractories MgO-C Strength Magnesite carbon refractory Experimental study Tensile strength |
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| References | 2nd ed. Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg New York, 1977. Rand, Mc Enaney (BIB3) 1985; 84 (série II), 579–584 (in French). Schacht Ch (BIB17) 1995 Lubala, Rand, Brett (BIB4) 1988; 87 (2), 187–206, 1990. 4, 755–767. Bisson, G. and Thémines, D., Etude par éléments finis du comportement de pièces réfractaires sollicités thermiquement. Colloque Réfractaires et sollicitations thermomécaniques, S.F.C., 14–15 Mai 1990, Paris, France (in French). Bazant Z. P. and Pijaudier-cabot G., Measurement of characteristic length of non local continuum Hasselman (BIB2) 1965; 52 Robin, J. M., Comportement thermomécanique des céramiques réfractaires, Thèse de doctorat, Université Paris 6, 1995 (in French). L'Hermite, S., Influence de la dimension absolue sur la résistance en flexion. Timoshenko (BIB15) 1955 1973 Mazars J. and Berthaud Y., Une technique expérimentale appliquée au béton et pour créer un endommagement diffus et mettre en évidence son caractère unilatéral Timoshenko, Goodier (BIB16) 1951 Evans A. G. Perspectives on the development of high-toughness ceramics. ed. F. H. Wittmann. Aedificatio Publishers, Freiburg Germany, 1995, pp. 95–110. Hild, F., De la rupture des matériaux à comportement fragile. Thèse de Doctorat, Université Paris 6, 1992 (in French). Hibbitt, Karlson and Sorensen, Code de Calcul Abaqus, version 5.3, 1993. Cooper C. F., Alexander I. C., and Hampson C. J., The role of graphite in the thermal shock resistance of refractories. Breysse, Schmitt (BIB13) 1991; 21 57–62. Boudon-Cussac, D., Hild, F. and Pijaudier-Cabot, G., Tensile damage in concrete: analysis of experimental technique. Krautkramer, J. and Krautkramer, H. Planas, J., Guinea, G. V. and Elices, M., Rupture modulus and fracture properties of concrete. Mazars J., Application de la mécanique de l'endommagement au comportement non linéaire et à la rupture du béton de structure, Thèse de doctorat d'Etat, Université Paris 6, 1984 (in French). 1985 1999, 906–913. Comi, Berthaud, Billardon (BIB22) 1995; 1 39–41 (in French). Fitchett, Wilshire (BIB5) 1984; 83 1989 10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB6 Fitchett (10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB5) 1984; 83 10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB7 10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB8 10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB9 Timoshenko (10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB15) 1955 Timoshenko (10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB16) 1951 10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB12 Rand (10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB3) 1985; 84 10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB11 10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB10 10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB21 10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB1 10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB20 Hasselman (10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB2) 1965; 52 10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB14 Lubala (10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB4) 1988; 87 Breysse (10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB13) 1991; 21 Schacht Ch (10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB17) 1995 10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB19 10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB18 Comi (10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB22) 1995; 1 |
| References_xml | – reference: Cooper C. F., Alexander I. C., and Hampson C. J., The role of graphite in the thermal shock resistance of refractories. – volume: 83 start-page: 54 year: 1984 end-page: 76 ident: BIB5 article-title: Mechanical properties of carbon-bearing magnesia, Parts I, II and III publication-title: Br. Ceram. Trans. J. – reference: Bazant Z. P. and Pijaudier-cabot G., Measurement of characteristic length of non local continuum, – reference: , 39–41 (in French). – reference: 1985; – reference: , 4, 755–767. – year: 1955 ident: BIB15 article-title: Strength of materials – reference: 1989; – reference: Robin, J. M., Comportement thermomécanique des céramiques réfractaires, Thèse de doctorat, Université Paris 6, 1995 (in French). – reference: , 1999, 906–913. – reference: ed. F. H. Wittmann. Aedificatio Publishers, Freiburg Germany, 1995, pp. 95–110. – volume: 21 start-page: 15 year: 1991 ident: BIB13 article-title: A test for delaying localisation in tension, numerical investigation publication-title: Cement and Concr. Res. – year: 1951 ident: BIB16 article-title: Theory of elasticity – reference: 1973; – volume: 84 start-page: 157 year: 1985 ident: BIB3 article-title: Carbon binders from polymeric resins and pitch. Part I: pyrolysis behaviour and structure of the carbons publication-title: Br. Ceram. Trans. J. – reference: Mazars J. and Berthaud Y., Une technique expérimentale appliquée au béton et pour créer un endommagement diffus et mettre en évidence son caractère unilatéral, – reference: Planas, J., Guinea, G. 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Colloque Réfractaires et sollicitations thermomécaniques, S.F.C., 14–15 Mai 1990, Paris, France (in French). – reference: L'Hermite, S., Influence de la dimension absolue sur la résistance en flexion. – reference: Boudon-Cussac, D., Hild, F. and Pijaudier-Cabot, G., Tensile damage in concrete: analysis of experimental technique. – volume: 52 start-page: 601 year: 1965 end-page: 604 ident: BIB2 article-title: Unified theory of thermal shock fracture initiation and crack propagation in brittle materials publication-title: J.A.C.S. – reference: , 57–62. – year: 1995 ident: BIB17 article-title: Refractory linings: thermomechanical design and applications II. Mechanical engineering – reference: 2nd ed. Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg New York, 1977. – reference: Evans A. G. 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Res. doi: 10.1016/0008-8846(91)90055-M – ident: 10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB20 – volume: 1 start-page: 19 year: 1995 ident: 10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB22 article-title: Identification of elastic plastic behaviour from localisation measurements publication-title: Eur. Journal of Mechanic/Solids – ident: 10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB10 doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1989)115:4(755) – volume: 84 start-page: 157 year: 1985 ident: 10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB3 article-title: Carbon binders from polymeric resins and pitch. Part I: pyrolysis behaviour and structure of the carbons publication-title: Br. Ceram. Trans. J. – year: 1951 ident: 10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB16 – year: 1995 ident: 10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB17 – ident: 10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB8 doi: 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1990.tb06493.x – ident: 10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB6 – ident: 10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB19 – volume: 87 start-page: 164 year: 1988 ident: 10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB4 article-title: Effect of carbon binders on the development of porosity in MgO-Graphite composite refractories publication-title: Br. Ceram. Trans. J. – ident: 10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB7 – ident: 10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB11 – ident: 10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB18 – ident: 10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB1 – volume: 52 start-page: 601 issue: 11 year: 1965 ident: 10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB2 article-title: Unified theory of thermal shock fracture initiation and crack propagation in brittle materials publication-title: J.A.C.S. – ident: 10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00088-1_BIB14 doi: 10.1007/978-3-662-02296-2 |
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| Snippet | The determination of the Young's modulus and the tensile strength of heterogeneous refractories are the subjects of this paper. Great differences have been... The determination of Young's modulus and tensile strength of heterogeneous refractories is studied. Great differences were observed according to both the usual... |
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| SubjectTerms | Applied sciences Building materials. Ceramics. Glasses Chemical industry and chemicals Elastic modulus Exact sciences and technology Mechanical properties Mechanics Mechanics of materials MgO-C Physics Refractories Refractory products Special refractories Strength |
| Title | Tensile behaviour of magnesia carbon refractories |
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