Model predictive control of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles for frequency regulation in a smart grid
Integration between energy storage systems and renewable energy sources (RESs) can effectively smooth natural fluctuations of the latter and ensure better frequency regulation. Optimal performance of the plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PEHV) battery, having longer plug-in than driving time, makes i...
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| Published in | IET generation, transmission & distribution Vol. 11; no. 16; pp. 3974 - 3983 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
The Institution of Engineering and Technology
09.11.2017
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1751-8687 1751-8695 |
| DOI | 10.1049/iet-gtd.2016.2120 |
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| Abstract | Integration between energy storage systems and renewable energy sources (RESs) can effectively smooth natural fluctuations of the latter and ensure better frequency regulation. Optimal performance of the plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PEHV) battery, having longer plug-in than driving time, makes it a good candidate for integration with RESs. Decentralised model predictive control (MPC) is proposed here for frequency regulation in a smart three-area interconnected power system comprising PHEVs. Two MPCs in each area are considered to manipulate the input signals of the governor and PHEV in order to tolerate frequency perturbations subject to load disturbances and RES fluctuations. Setting the parameters of the six MPC controllers is carried out simultaneously based on imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA) and bat-inspired algorithm (BIA). Time-domain based objective function is suggested to account for system non-linearities emanating from governor dead bands and turbine generation rate constraints. The proposed tuning procedures utilising ICA and BIA are completely accomplished off-line. Comparative simulation results are presented to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed design. |
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| AbstractList | Integration between energy storage systems and renewable energy sources (RESs) can effectively smooth natural fluctuations of the latter and ensure better frequency regulation. Optimal performance of the plug‐in hybrid electric vehicle (PEHV) battery, having longer plug‐in than driving time, makes it a good candidate for integration with RESs. Decentralised model predictive control (MPC) is proposed here for frequency regulation in a smart three‐area interconnected power system comprising PHEVs. Two MPCs in each area are considered to manipulate the input signals of the governor and PHEV in order to tolerate frequency perturbations subject to load disturbances and RES fluctuations. Setting the parameters of the six MPC controllers is carried out simultaneously based on imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA) and bat‐inspired algorithm (BIA). Time‐domain based objective function is suggested to account for system non‐linearities emanating from governor dead bands and turbine generation rate constraints. The proposed tuning procedures utilising ICA and BIA are completely accomplished off‐line. Comparative simulation results are presented to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed design. |
| Author | Soliman, Mahmoud Elsisi, M Mansour, W Aboelela, Magdy A.S |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: M surname: Elsisi fullname: Elsisi, M email: mahmoud.elsesy@feng.bu.edu.eg organization: 1Electrical Power and Machines Department, Faculty of Engineering (Shoubra), Benha University, 108 Shoubra St., P.O. Box 11241, Cairo, Egypt – sequence: 2 givenname: Mahmoud surname: Soliman fullname: Soliman, Mahmoud organization: 1Electrical Power and Machines Department, Faculty of Engineering (Shoubra), Benha University, 108 Shoubra St., P.O. Box 11241, Cairo, Egypt – sequence: 3 givenname: Magdy A.S surname: Aboelela fullname: Aboelela, Magdy A.S organization: 2Electrical Power and Machines Department, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, P.O. Box 12613, Giza, Egypt – sequence: 4 givenname: W surname: Mansour fullname: Mansour, W organization: 1Electrical Power and Machines Department, Faculty of Engineering (Shoubra), Benha University, 108 Shoubra St., P.O. Box 11241, Cairo, Egypt |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1049/iet-gtd.2014.0913 10.1109/TSG.2013.2264921 10.1007/978-3-642-12538-6_6 10.1109/JSYST.2014.2313810 10.1007/978-0-85729-398-5 10.1049/iet-rpg.2009.0049 10.1109/CEC.2007.4425083 10.1109/LESCPE.2003.1204672 10.1109/59.207343 10.1109/TPWRS.2013.2252029 10.1109/TSG.2014.2372038 10.3390/en8032145 10.1109/TSG.2012.2190113 10.1109/ICPST.2008.4745331 10.1541/ieejpes.129.1342 10.1109/TSG.2015.2475316 10.1109/TSG.2011.2167993 10.1109/TCST.2008.919414 10.1109/JPROC.2007.892490 10.1016/j.egypro.2016.10.187 10.1109/ICCA.2007.4376815 10.1109/TSG.2012.2237044 |
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| Keywords | MPC governor input signal manipulation frequency perturbations imperialist competitive algorithm PEHV battery governor dead bands smart power grids decentralised control smart three-area interconnected power system energy storage systems energy storage power system interconnection system nonlinearities BIA RES fluctuations smart grid battery powered vehicles renewable energy sources turbine generation rate constraints ICA plug-in hybrid electric vehicles time-domain based objective function time-domain analysis load disturbances frequency control frequency regulation bat-inspired algorithm hybrid electric vehicles predictive control decentralised model predictive control |
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| SubjectTerms | battery powered vehicles bat‐inspired algorithm BIA decentralised control decentralised model predictive control energy storage energy storage systems frequency control frequency perturbations frequency regulation governor dead bands governor input signal manipulation hybrid electric vehicles ICA imperialist competitive algorithm load disturbances MPC PEHV battery plug‐in hybrid electric vehicles power system interconnection predictive control renewable energy sources RES fluctuations Research Article smart grid smart power grids smart three‐area interconnected power system system nonlinearities time‐domain analysis time‐domain based objective function turbine generation rate constraints |
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| Title | Model predictive control of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles for frequency regulation in a smart grid |
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