Flow Cytometric Detection of Intracellular Th1/Th2 Cytokines Using Whole Blood: Validation of Immunologic Biomarker for Use in Epidemiologic Studies
Few biological markers of immune function have been thoroughly validated for use in epidemiologic studies that involve delayed sample processing and analysis. Here, we report our validation results for flow cytometric detection of intracellular T-helper 1/T-helper 2 (Th1/Th2) cytokines using 500 μL...
Saved in:
| Published in | Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention Vol. 13; no. 9; pp. 1452 - 1458 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Philadelphia, PA
American Association for Cancer Research
01.09.2004
|
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1055-9965 1538-7755 |
| DOI | 10.1158/1055-9965.1452.13.9 |
Cover
| Abstract | Few biological markers of immune function have been thoroughly validated for use in epidemiologic studies that involve delayed
sample processing and analysis. Here, we report our validation results for flow cytometric detection of intracellular T-helper
1/T-helper 2 (Th1/Th2) cytokines using 500 μL of whole blood obtained from children and adults. The detection of Th1/Th2 cytokine
profiles by flow cytometry is a practical and mechanistically relevant assay because dysregulated cytokine production has
been observed in many immune-mediated disorders, including cancer. We evaluated the intraassay and intraindividual and interindividual
variability and the effects of a 24- to 72-hour delayed analysis on Th1 and Th2 end points. We compared the distributions
of %CD4 lymphocytes, %Th1, and %Th2 in young children (age 1 year, n = 50) and adults (age 25–52 years, n = 16). Subjects sampled monthly for up to 1 year showed minimal variation in CD4, Th1, and Th2 end points. Delayed analysis
of samples (up to 24 hours) resulted in no significant differences in the expression of CD4, Th1, and Th2; however, at 48
and 72 hours, all end points differed significantly from baseline ( P < 0.01). A random effects model confirmed that interindividual variability was much greater than intraindividual variability
for CD4 and Th1. Compared with adults, children had marginally higher %CD4, similar %Th2, but significantly lower %Th1 ( P < 0.01). These results show that flow cytometric detection of CD4, Th1, and Th2 markers using whole blood is reproducible
and that these biomarkers can be effectively used in human population studies that involve transported samples, delayed processing
and analysis, and limited blood volumes. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Few biological markers of immune function have been thoroughly validated for use in epidemiologic studies that involve delayed
sample processing and analysis. Here, we report our validation results for flow cytometric detection of intracellular T-helper
1/T-helper 2 (Th1/Th2) cytokines using 500 μL of whole blood obtained from children and adults. The detection of Th1/Th2 cytokine
profiles by flow cytometry is a practical and mechanistically relevant assay because dysregulated cytokine production has
been observed in many immune-mediated disorders, including cancer. We evaluated the intraassay and intraindividual and interindividual
variability and the effects of a 24- to 72-hour delayed analysis on Th1 and Th2 end points. We compared the distributions
of %CD4 lymphocytes, %Th1, and %Th2 in young children (age 1 year, n = 50) and adults (age 25–52 years, n = 16). Subjects sampled monthly for up to 1 year showed minimal variation in CD4, Th1, and Th2 end points. Delayed analysis
of samples (up to 24 hours) resulted in no significant differences in the expression of CD4, Th1, and Th2; however, at 48
and 72 hours, all end points differed significantly from baseline ( P < 0.01). A random effects model confirmed that interindividual variability was much greater than intraindividual variability
for CD4 and Th1. Compared with adults, children had marginally higher %CD4, similar %Th2, but significantly lower %Th1 ( P < 0.01). These results show that flow cytometric detection of CD4, Th1, and Th2 markers using whole blood is reproducible
and that these biomarkers can be effectively used in human population studies that involve transported samples, delayed processing
and analysis, and limited blood volumes. Few biological markers of immune function have been thoroughly validated for use in epidemiologic studies that involve delayed sample processing and analysis. Here, we report our validation results for flow cytometric detection of intracellular T-helper 1/T-helper 2 (Th1/Th2) cytokines using 500 μL of whole blood obtained from children and adults. The detection of Th1/Th2 cytokine profiles by flow cytometry is a practical and mechanistically relevant assay because dysregulated cytokine production has been observed in many immune-mediated disorders, including cancer. We evaluated the intraassay and intraindividual and interindividual variability and the effects of a 24- to 72-hour delayed analysis on Th1 and Th2 end points. We compared the distributions of %CD4 lymphocytes, %Th1, and %Th2 in young children (age 1 year, n = 50) and adults (age 25–52 years, n = 16). Subjects sampled monthly for up to 1 year showed minimal variation in CD4, Th1, and Th2 end points. Delayed analysis of samples (up to 24 hours) resulted in no significant differences in the expression of CD4, Th1, and Th2; however, at 48 and 72 hours, all end points differed significantly from baseline (P < 0.01). A random effects model confirmed that interindividual variability was much greater than intraindividual variability for CD4 and Th1. Compared with adults, children had marginally higher %CD4, similar %Th2, but significantly lower %Th1 (P < 0.01). These results show that flow cytometric detection of CD4, Th1, and Th2 markers using whole blood is reproducible and that these biomarkers can be effectively used in human population studies that involve transported samples, delayed processing and analysis, and limited blood volumes. Few biological markers of immune function have been thoroughly validated for use in epidemiologic studies that involve delayed sample processing and analysis. Here, we report our validation results for flow cytometric detection of intracellular T-helper 1/T-helper 2 (Th1/Th2) cytokines using 500 microL of whole blood obtained from children and adults. The detection of Th1/Th2 cytokine profiles by flow cytometry is a practical and mechanistically relevant assay because dysregulated cytokine production has been observed in many immune-mediated disorders, including cancer. We evaluated the intraassay and intraindividual and interindividual variability and the effects of a 24- to 72-hour delayed analysis on Th1 and Th2 end points. We compared the distributions of %CD4 lymphocytes, %Th1, and %Th2 in young children (age 1 year, n = 50) and adults (age 25-52 years, n = 16). Subjects sampled monthly for up to 1 year showed minimal variation in CD4, Th1, and Th2 end points. Delayed analysis of samples (up to 24 hours) resulted in no significant differences in the expression of CD4, Th1, and Th2; however, at 48 and 72 hours, all end points differed significantly from baseline (P < 0.01). A random effects model confirmed that interindividual variability was much greater than intraindividual variability for CD4 and Th1. Compared with adults, children had marginally higher %CD4, similar %Th2, but significantly lower %Th1 (P < 0.01). These results show that flow cytometric detection of CD4, Th1, and Th2 markers using whole blood is reproducible and that these biomarkers can be effectively used in human population studies that involve transported samples, delayed processing and analysis, and limited blood volumes.Few biological markers of immune function have been thoroughly validated for use in epidemiologic studies that involve delayed sample processing and analysis. Here, we report our validation results for flow cytometric detection of intracellular T-helper 1/T-helper 2 (Th1/Th2) cytokines using 500 microL of whole blood obtained from children and adults. The detection of Th1/Th2 cytokine profiles by flow cytometry is a practical and mechanistically relevant assay because dysregulated cytokine production has been observed in many immune-mediated disorders, including cancer. We evaluated the intraassay and intraindividual and interindividual variability and the effects of a 24- to 72-hour delayed analysis on Th1 and Th2 end points. We compared the distributions of %CD4 lymphocytes, %Th1, and %Th2 in young children (age 1 year, n = 50) and adults (age 25-52 years, n = 16). Subjects sampled monthly for up to 1 year showed minimal variation in CD4, Th1, and Th2 end points. Delayed analysis of samples (up to 24 hours) resulted in no significant differences in the expression of CD4, Th1, and Th2; however, at 48 and 72 hours, all end points differed significantly from baseline (P < 0.01). A random effects model confirmed that interindividual variability was much greater than intraindividual variability for CD4 and Th1. Compared with adults, children had marginally higher %CD4, similar %Th2, but significantly lower %Th1 (P < 0.01). These results show that flow cytometric detection of CD4, Th1, and Th2 markers using whole blood is reproducible and that these biomarkers can be effectively used in human population studies that involve transported samples, delayed processing and analysis, and limited blood volumes. Few biological markers of immune function have been thoroughly validated for use in epidemiologic studies that involve delayed sample processing and analysis. Here, we report our validation results for flow cytometric detection of intracellular T-helper 1/T-helper 2 (Th1/Th2) cytokines using 500 microL of whole blood obtained from children and adults. The detection of Th1/Th2 cytokine profiles by flow cytometry is a practical and mechanistically relevant assay because dysregulated cytokine production has been observed in many immune-mediated disorders, including cancer. We evaluated the intraassay and intraindividual and interindividual variability and the effects of a 24- to 72-hour delayed analysis on Th1 and Th2 end points. We compared the distributions of %CD4 lymphocytes, %Th1, and %Th2 in young children (age 1 year, n = 50) and adults (age 25-52 years, n = 16). Subjects sampled monthly for up to 1 year showed minimal variation in CD4, Th1, and Th2 end points. Delayed analysis of samples (up to 24 hours) resulted in no significant differences in the expression of CD4, Th1, and Th2; however, at 48 and 72 hours, all end points differed significantly from baseline (P < 0.01). A random effects model confirmed that interindividual variability was much greater than intraindividual variability for CD4 and Th1. Compared with adults, children had marginally higher %CD4, similar %Th2, but significantly lower %Th1 (P < 0.01). These results show that flow cytometric detection of CD4, Th1, and Th2 markers using whole blood is reproducible and that these biomarkers can be effectively used in human population studies that involve transported samples, delayed processing and analysis, and limited blood volumes. Few biological markers of immune function have been thoroughly validated for use in epidemiologic studies that involve delayed sample processing and analysis. Here, we report our validation results for flow cytometric detection of intracellular T-helper 1/T-helper 2 (Th1/Th2) cytokines using 500 mu L of whole blood obtained from children and adults. The detection of Th1/Th2 cytokine profiles by flow cytometry is a practical and mechanistically relevant assay because dysregulated cytokine production has been observed in many immune- mediated disorders, including cancer. We evaluated the intraassay and intraindividual and interindividual variability and the effects of a 24- to 72- hour delayed analysis on Th1 and Th2 end points. We compared the distributions of %CD4 lymphocytes, %Th1, and %Th2 in young children (age 1 year, n = 50) and adults (age 25-52 years, n = 16). Subjects sampled monthly for up to 1 year showed minimal variation in CD4, Th1, and Th2 end points. Delayed analysis of samples (up to 24 hours) resulted in no significant differences in the expression of CD4, Th1, and Th2; however, at 48 and 72 hours, all end points differed significantly from baseline (P < 0.01). A random effects model confirmed that interindividual variability was much greater than intraindividual variability for CD4 and Th1. Compared with adults, children had marginally higher %CD4, similar %Th2, but significantly lower %Th1 (P < 0.01). These results show that flow cytometric detection of CD4, Th1, and Th2 markers using whole blood is reproducible and that these biomarkers can be effectively used in human population studies that involve transported samples, delayed processing and analysis, and limited blood volumes. |
| Author | Christopher W. McMahon Nina T. Holland Alan Hubbard Brenda Eskenazi Paurene Duramad |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Paurene surname: Duramad fullname: Duramad, Paurene – sequence: 2 givenname: Christopher W. surname: McMahon fullname: McMahon, Christopher W. – sequence: 3 givenname: Alan surname: Hubbard fullname: Hubbard, Alan – sequence: 4 givenname: Brenda surname: Eskenazi fullname: Eskenazi, Brenda – sequence: 5 givenname: Nina T. surname: Holland fullname: Holland, Nina T. |
| BackLink | http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=16104957$$DView record in Pascal Francis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15342445$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
| BookMark | eNqF0ctu1DAUBuAIFdELPAES8gbEZqbxOCeO2dGhhUqVWDCFpeU4xxNTJ57aiaq-Rx-4zsyUSmy6shfff3z5j7OD3veYZe9pPqcUqlOaA8yEKGFOC1jMKZuLV9kRBVbNOAc4SPsncZgdx_g3z3MuAN5khwkVi6KAo-zhwvk7srwffIdDsJp8wwH1YH1PvCGX_RCURudGpwJZtfR01S62-sb2GMl1tP2a_Gm9Q3LmvG--kN_K2Ub9G9B1Y--dX6fJZ9Z3KtxgIMaHFEVie3K-sQ12dk9-DWNjMb7NXhvlIr7bryfZ9cX5avljdvXz--Xy69VMMwHDjOcGG6qEKREMM7VuSqhMyaGpBavTWosq18CgoqZmnJeswhShfIEVcK7ZSfZpN3cT_O2IcZCdjdNzVY9-jLIsKwai4C9CKvgCGBUJftjDse6wkZtg05vv5dOHJ_BxD1TUypmgem3jsytpXgiYTmQ7p4OPMaB5Jrmc6pdTuXIqV071S8rkdLz4L6XtsC0j9WjdC9nPu2xr1-2dDSh1uhuGgBFV0O1WbT17BEiPwv4 |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jim_2012_02_005 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_667393 crossref_primary_10_1038_cmi_2010_37 crossref_primary_10_1111_pai_12992 crossref_primary_10_1155_2010_143026 crossref_primary_10_1155_2018_4074051 crossref_primary_10_1111_obr_12133 crossref_primary_10_1111_1440_1681_12245 crossref_primary_10_1097_MPG_0b013e3182455bb3 crossref_primary_10_1289_ehp_9306 crossref_primary_10_3945_jn_114_206953 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_taap_2004_10_024 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41390_021_01892_x crossref_primary_10_1186_s12871_018_0535_3 crossref_primary_10_1080_08830180701402496 crossref_primary_10_1186_s13104_022_06151_8 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envint_2018_09_027 crossref_primary_10_1002_jat_1162 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00262_014_1619_7 crossref_primary_10_1038_nrd2008 crossref_primary_10_1111_j_1444_0938_2010_00482_x crossref_primary_10_1155_2014_429248 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijerph8051388 crossref_primary_10_1128_AAC_02181_12 crossref_primary_10_1002_sim_4485 crossref_primary_10_2139_ssrn_3576872 crossref_primary_10_1017_S0007114513001505 crossref_primary_10_1177_147323001003800620 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jff_2018_12_018 crossref_primary_10_2165_00063030_200519060_00006 crossref_primary_10_3899_jrheum_131025 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_toxlet_2007_05_017 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1146/annurev.iy.07.040189.001045 10.1007/s002620050616 10.1016/S0022-1759(97)00079-3 10.2307/2529876 10.2144/Oct0202 10.1186/rr40 10.1016/0022-1759(93)90158-4 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0320(19990401)35:4<318::AID-CYTO4>3.0.CO;2-4 10.1002/cyto.1102 10.1016/S0022-1759(00)00230-1 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2002.01851.x 10.1182/blood-2002-01-0099 10.1006/meth.1999.0824 10.1016/S0531-5565(01)00188-7 10.1016/S0167-5699(97)01230-9 10.2307/2531248 10.1034/j.1398-9995.2000.00511.x |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | 2004 INIST-CNRS |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: 2004 INIST-CNRS |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION IQODW CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 7T5 H94 7X8 |
| DOI | 10.1158/1055-9965.1452.13.9 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef Pascal-Francis Medline MEDLINE MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE MEDLINE PubMed Immunology Abstracts AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef MEDLINE Medline Complete MEDLINE with Full Text PubMed MEDLINE (Ovid) AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts Immunology Abstracts MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitleList | CrossRef MEDLINE - Academic MEDLINE AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 2 dbid: EIF name: MEDLINE url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://www.webofscience.com/wos/medline/basic-search sourceTypes: Index Database |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Medicine |
| EISSN | 1538-7755 |
| EndPage | 1458 |
| ExternalDocumentID | 15342445 16104957 10_1158_1055_9965_1452_13_9 13_9_1452 |
| Genre | Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S Journal Article |
| GrantInformation_xml | – fundername: NIEHS NIH HHS grantid: P01ES0960502 |
| GroupedDBID | - 29B 2WC 34G 39C 3O- 53G 55 5GY 5VS ABOCM ACJLH ACPRK ADACO ADBBV ADBIT AENEX AFRAH ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS C1A CS3 DIK DU5 E3Z EBS EJD F5P FH7 FRP H13 H~9 IH2 KQ8 L7B OK1 P2P PQEST PQQKQ RCR RHF RHI SJN UDS VH1 WOQ X7M ZA5 ZXP --- .55 18M 2FS 6J9 AAFWJ AAYXX ADCOW AFHIN AI. BR6 BTFSW CITATION QTD W8F WHG IQODW AAJMC CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 7T5 H94 7X8 |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c395t-70fed1a9f6e5f3fbcd658f675db93b675b980c53581fb377638e0fe172e8577c3 |
| ISSN | 1055-9965 |
| IngestDate | Fri Jul 11 09:53:53 EDT 2025 Thu Oct 02 07:51:16 EDT 2025 Sat Sep 28 07:45:42 EDT 2024 Mon Jul 21 09:16:23 EDT 2025 Tue Jul 01 03:05:04 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 24 23:11:59 EDT 2025 Fri Jan 15 19:22:21 EST 2021 |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 9 |
| Keywords | Human Validation Flow cytometry Leukemia Cytokine Th1 lymphocyte Biological marker Helper cell Biological indicator Malignant hemopathy Epidemiology Cell subpopulation Cancerology T-Lymphocyte Adult Th2 lymphocyte Intracellular Child Public health |
| Language | English |
| License | CC BY 4.0 |
| LinkModel | OpenURL |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c395t-70fed1a9f6e5f3fbcd658f675db93b675b980c53581fb377638e0fe172e8577c3 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
| PMID | 15342445 |
| PQID | 19725319 |
| PQPubID | 23462 |
| PageCount | 7 |
| ParticipantIDs | proquest_miscellaneous_66835947 proquest_miscellaneous_19725319 pubmed_primary_15342445 pascalfrancis_primary_16104957 crossref_primary_10_1158_1055_9965_1452_13_9 crossref_citationtrail_10_1158_1055_9965_1452_13_9 highwire_cancerresearch_13_9_1452 |
| ProviderPackageCode | RHF RHI CITATION AAYXX |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2004-09-01 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2004-09-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 09 year: 2004 text: 2004-09-01 day: 01 |
| PublicationDecade | 2000 |
| PublicationPlace | Philadelphia, PA |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: Philadelphia, PA – name: United States |
| PublicationTitle | Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev |
| PublicationYear | 2004 |
| Publisher | American Association for Cancer Research |
| Publisher_xml | – name: American Association for Cancer Research |
| References | 2022061000453604900_BIB10 2022061000453604900_BIB11 2022061000453604900_BIB12 2022061000453604900_BIB13 2022061000453604900_BIB14 2022061000453604900_BIB15 2022061000453604900_BIB16 2022061000453604900_BIB17 2022061000453604900_BIB18 2022061000453604900_BIB19 2022061000453604900_BIB1 2022061000453604900_BIB2 2022061000453604900_BIB3 2022061000453604900_BIB4 2022061000453604900_BIB5 2022061000453604900_BIB6 2022061000453604900_BIB7 2022061000453604900_BIB8 2022061000453604900_BIB9 |
| References_xml | – ident: 2022061000453604900_BIB2 doi: 10.1146/annurev.iy.07.040189.001045 – ident: 2022061000453604900_BIB5 doi: 10.1007/s002620050616 – ident: 2022061000453604900_BIB9 doi: 10.1016/S0022-1759(97)00079-3 – ident: 2022061000453604900_BIB16 doi: 10.2307/2529876 – ident: 2022061000453604900_BIB7 doi: 10.2144/Oct0202 – ident: 2022061000453604900_BIB10 – ident: 2022061000453604900_BIB3 doi: 10.1186/rr40 – ident: 2022061000453604900_BIB12 doi: 10.1016/0022-1759(93)90158-4 – ident: 2022061000453604900_BIB1 – ident: 2022061000453604900_BIB14 doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0320(19990401)35:4<318::AID-CYTO4>3.0.CO;2-4 – ident: 2022061000453604900_BIB13 doi: 10.1002/cyto.1102 – ident: 2022061000453604900_BIB8 doi: 10.1016/S0022-1759(00)00230-1 – ident: 2022061000453604900_BIB18 doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2002.01851.x – ident: 2022061000453604900_BIB6 doi: 10.1182/blood-2002-01-0099 – ident: 2022061000453604900_BIB11 doi: 10.1006/meth.1999.0824 – ident: 2022061000453604900_BIB15 doi: 10.1016/S0531-5565(01)00188-7 – ident: 2022061000453604900_BIB19 doi: 10.1016/S0167-5699(97)01230-9 – ident: 2022061000453604900_BIB17 doi: 10.2307/2531248 – ident: 2022061000453604900_BIB4 doi: 10.1034/j.1398-9995.2000.00511.x |
| SSID | ssj0007955 |
| Score | 1.9469838 |
| Snippet | Few biological markers of immune function have been thoroughly validated for use in epidemiologic studies that involve delayed
sample processing and analysis.... Few biological markers of immune function have been thoroughly validated for use in epidemiologic studies that involve delayed sample processing and analysis.... |
| SourceID | proquest pubmed pascalfrancis crossref highwire |
| SourceType | Aggregation Database Index Database Enrichment Source Publisher |
| StartPage | 1452 |
| SubjectTerms | Adult Biological and medical sciences Blood Specimen Collection CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology Cytokines - blood Female Flow Cytometry - statistics & numerical data Hematologic and hematopoietic diseases Humans Infant Leukemias. Malignant lymphomas. Malignant reticulosis. Myelofibrosis Male Medical sciences Middle Aged Reference Values Reproducibility of Results Specimen Handling Th1 Cells - immunology Th2 Cells - immunology Tumors |
| Title | Flow Cytometric Detection of Intracellular Th1/Th2 Cytokines Using Whole Blood: Validation of Immunologic Biomarker for Use in Epidemiologic Studies |
| URI | http://cebp.aacrjournals.org/content/13/9/1452.abstract https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15342445 https://www.proquest.com/docview/19725319 https://www.proquest.com/docview/66835947 |
| Volume | 13 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| journalDatabaseRights | – providerCode: PRVAFT databaseName: Open Access Digital Library customDbUrl: eissn: 1538-7755 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0007955 issn: 1055-9965 databaseCode: KQ8 dateStart: 19911101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: http://grweb.coalliance.org/oadl/oadl.html providerName: Colorado Alliance of Research Libraries – providerCode: PRVBFR databaseName: Free Medical Journals customDbUrl: eissn: 1538-7755 dateEnd: 20241028 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0007955 issn: 1055-9965 databaseCode: DIK dateStart: 19910101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: http://www.freemedicaljournals.com providerName: Flying Publisher |
| link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1bb9MwFLbKkBAviPvKZRiJt5IuTeIk5q1bOxWmFTFaNPESJbGjTox2WlNN8Dv4vYhzHMdOp47bS9qm9rGi88Xnos_nEPJKSAZuOHMdNw1CJwgEd-JMCEf4UsRYIc3NVbXPcTiaBu9O2Emr9bPBWlqVWTf_vvFcyf9oFe6BXvGU7D9o1giFG_Ad9AtX0DBc_0rHB2eLy07-rVx8xb5YeUfIUua1C3iKaVvMyyui6WSGW9Zk5qnxX5Ds3lmpPMEldsitCOyYHvgEjrkwfuQpHh-p9scOntRHMs-FoiaullW5EdthFoYsG6xEW_4ghymNcUqtRthSge9cV5KypIDB9BjswUCzF7HwpsHG_lF_9H58pTRCxySLRtO9vf7xoDq-Y8E__Hg4HPc_v60QLetURJ3xCAylq2wcMoDdrwFg9eD6gWrKYmNXdxlzILBja9u-34A3b-zhvaCqqav9AfgZb7Y1LFZpDy27i_O6Pb_LrWmt6QRXLK7hQYK7DREai26Qmx5YJWw9cvjBVruPuOraa5bQVbNg4d0Ny657VnW1ayT7pkt434uqUcv1kZTyqCZ3yR0dCtF-het7pCXn98mtI032eEB-ILyphTc18KaLgq7BmwK8dwHc1ICbKnBTBW6qwP2GWmgrARba1KCRgoZhqgTxdA3aVEP7IZkeDCf7I0c3EXFyn7PSidxCil7Ki1Cywi-yXIDPXUCYLDLuZ_CZ8djNGZYBLDI_AnMbS5gCfr2MWRTl_iOyNV_M5TahQRi7KeOFG6csKPwoS1Ov8CAgF9wVni_bxKsVkOS6wj42ejlLVKTN4gS1lqDWEtRa0vMT3iavzaTzqsDM74e_rDWb5ArvuijYTP2tBrbJzprKrVwNtzZ5UWMgAWuCukrncrFaJtiEEK3y9SPCEGI2HoCMxxV4rHTm46lZ9uRPyz8lt-1r_YxslRcr-Rxc-zLbUfj_BZUu_Ho |
| linkProvider | Colorado Alliance of Research Libraries |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Flow+cytometric+detection+of+intracellular+Th1%2FTh2+cytokines+using+whole+blood%3A+Validation+of+immunologic+biomarker+for+use+in+epidemiologic+studies&rft.jtitle=Cancer+epidemiology%2C+biomarkers+%26+prevention&rft.au=DURAMAD%2C+Paurene&rft.au=MCMAHON%2C+Christopher+W&rft.au=HUBBARD%2C+Alan&rft.au=ESKENAZI%2C+Brenda&rft.date=2004-09-01&rft.pub=American+Association+for+Cancer+Research&rft.issn=1055-9965&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1452&rft.epage=1458&rft_id=info:doi/10.1158%2F1055-9965.1452.13.9&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=16104957 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1055-9965&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1055-9965&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1055-9965&client=summon |