Paint and Click: Unified Interactions for Image Boundaries
Image boundaries are a fundamental component of many interactive digital photography techniques, enabling applications such as segmentation, panoramas, and seamless image composition. Interactions for image boundaries often rely on two complementary but separate approaches: editing via painting or c...
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| Published in | Computer graphics forum Vol. 34; no. 2; pp. 385 - 393 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Oxford
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01.05.2015
Wiley |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0167-7055 1467-8659 |
| DOI | 10.1111/cgf.12568 |
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| Abstract | Image boundaries are a fundamental component of many interactive digital photography techniques, enabling applications such as segmentation, panoramas, and seamless image composition. Interactions for image boundaries often rely on two complementary but separate approaches: editing via painting or clicking constraints. In this work, we provide a novel, unified approach for interactive editing of pairwise image boundaries that combines the ease of painting with the direct control of constraints. Rather than a sequential coupling, this new formulation allows full use of both interactions simultaneously, giving users unprecedented flexibility for fast boundary editing. To enable this new approach, we provide technical advancements. In particular, we detail a reformulation of image boundaries as a problem of finding cycles, expanding and correcting limitations of the previous work. Our new formulation provides boundary solutions for painted regions with performance on par with state‐of‐the‐art specialized, paint‐only techniques. In addition, we provide instantaneous exploration of the boundary solution space with user constraints. Finally, we provide examples of common graphics applications impacted by our new approach. |
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| AbstractList | Image boundaries are a fundamental component of many interactive digital photography techniques, enabling applications such as segmentation, panoramas, and seamless image composition. Interactions for image boundaries often rely on two complementary but separate approaches: editing via painting or clicking constraints. In this work, we provide a novel, unified approach for interactive editing of pairwise image boundaries that combines the ease of painting with the direct control of constraints. Rather than a sequential coupling, this new formulation allows full use of both interactions simultaneously, giving users unprecedented flexibility for fast boundary editing. To enable this new approach, we provide technical advancements. In particular, we detail a reformulation of image boundaries as a problem of finding cycles, expanding and correcting limitations of the previous work. Our new formulation provides boundary solutions for painted regions with performance on par with state-of-the-art specialized, paint-only techniques. In addition, we provide instantaneous exploration of the boundary solution space with user constraints. Finally, we provide examples of common graphics applications impacted by our new approach. |
| Author | Summa, B. Gooch, A. A. Scorzelli, G. Pascucci, V. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: B. surname: Summa fullname: Summa, B. organization: Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute & The University of Utah – sequence: 2 givenname: A. A. surname: Gooch fullname: Gooch, A. A. organization: Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute & The University of Utah – sequence: 3 givenname: G. surname: Scorzelli fullname: Scorzelli, G. organization: Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute & The University of Utah – sequence: 4 givenname: V. surname: Pascucci fullname: Pascucci, V. organization: Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute & The University of Utah |
| BackLink | https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1221645$$D View this record in Osti.gov |
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| Copyright | 2015 The Author(s) Computer Graphics Forum © 2015 The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. 2015 The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. |
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| References_xml | – reference: Mortensen E.N., Barrett W.A.: Interactive segmentation with intelligent scissors. Graphical models and image processing: GMIP 60 (1998). 2, 4, 5 – reference: An X., Pellacini F.: Appprop: All-pairs appearance-space edit propagation. ACM Trans. Graph. 27, 3 (2008), 40:1-40:9. 2 – reference: Liu J., Sun J., Shum H.-Y.: Paint selection. ACM Transactions on Graphics 28, 3 (Aug. 2009), 69:1-69:7. 2 – reference: Li Y., Sun J., Tang C.-K., Shum H.-Y.: Lazy snapping. ACM Trans. Graph 23, 3 (2004), 303-308. 2, 3, 4 – reference: Pérez P., Gangnet M., Blake A.: Poisson image editing. ACM Trans. Graph 22, 3 (2003), 313-318. 7 – reference: Wang J., Agrawala M., Cohen M.F.: Soft scissors: An interactive tool for realtime high quality matting. ACM Trans. Graph. 26, 3 (2007). 2, 8 – reference: Boykov Y., Kolmogorov V.: An experimental comparison of min-cut/max-flow algorithms for energy minimization in vision. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell 26, 9 (2004), 1124-1137. 2 – reference: Rother C., Kolmogorov V., Blake A.: Grabcut: interactive foreground extraction using iterated graph cuts. ACM Trans. Graph 23, 3 (2004), 309-314. 2 – reference: Jia J., Sun J., Tang C.-K., Shum H.-Y.: Drag-and-drop pasting. ACM Transactions on Graphics 25, 3 (July 2006), 631-637. 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 – reference: Reif J.H.: Minimum s # t cut of a planar undirected network in O(n log2(n)) time. SIAM J. Comput. 12, 1 (1983), 71-81. 4, 5 – reference: Nagahashi T., Fujiyoshi H., Kanade T.: Image segmentation using iterated graph cuts based on multi-scale smoothing. In ACCV (2007), pp. II: 806-816. 2 – reference: Cohen M.F., Shade J., Hiller S., Deussen O.: Wang tiles for image and texture generation. ACM Trans. Graph 22, 3 (2003), 287-294. 1 – reference: Levin A., Zomet A., Peleg S., Weiss Y.: Seamless image stitching in the gradient domain. In ECCV (2004), pp. Vol IV: 377-389. 2, 7 – reference: Dijkstra E.W.: A note on two problems in connexion with graphs. Numerische Mathematik 1 (1959), 269-271. 5 – reference: Itai A., Shiloach Y.: Maximum flow in planar networks. SIAM Journal on Computing 8, 2 (1979), 135-150. 4, 5 – reference: Xu K., Li Y., Ju T., Hu S.-M., Liu T.-Q.: Efficient affinity-based edit propagation using k-d tree. ACM Trans. Graph. 28, 5 (2009), 118:1-118:6. 2 – reference: Xu L., Yan Q., Jia J.: A sparse control model for image and video editing. ACM Trans. Graph. 32, 6 (2013), 197:1-197:10. 2 – reference: Summa B., Tierny J., Pascucci V.: Panorama weaving: fast and flexible seam processing. ACM Trans. Graph. 31, 4 (July 2012), 83:1-83:11. 2, 3, 4, 8 – reference: Kolmogorov V., Zabih R.: What energy functions can be minimized via graph cuts? IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell 26, 2 (2004), 147-159. 2 – reference: Tang M., Gorelick L., Veksler O., Boykov Y.: Grabcut in one cut. In ICCV 2013 (2013), pp. 1769-1776. 2 – reference: Agarwala A., Dontcheva M., Agrawala M., Drucker S.M., Colburn A., Curless B., Salesin D., Cohen M.F.: Interactive digital photomontage. ACM Trans. Graph 23, 3 (2004), 294-302. 3, 8 – reference: Boykov Y.Y., Veksler O., Zabih R.: Fast approximate energy minimization via graph cuts. IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 23, 11 (2001), 1222-1239. 2 – volume: 27 start-page: 40:1 issue: 3 year: 2008 end-page: 40:9 article-title: Appprop: All‐pairs appearance‐space edit propagation publication-title: ACM Trans. Graph – volume: 28 start-page: 118:1 issue: 5 year: 2009 end-page: 118:6 article-title: Efficient affinity‐based edit propagation using k‐d tree publication-title: ACM Trans. Graph – start-page: 351 year: 2009 end-page: 356 – volume: 1 start-page: 269 year: 1959 end-page: 271 article-title: A note on two problems in connexion with graphs publication-title: Numerische Mathematik – volume: 23 start-page: 1222 issue: 11 year: 2001 end-page: 1239 article-title: Fast approximate energy minimization via graph cuts publication-title: IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence – volume: 26 start-page: 147 issue: 2 year: 2004 end-page: 159 article-title: What energy functions can be minimized via graph cuts? publication-title: IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. 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Graph – volume: 12 start-page: 71 issue: 1 year: 1983 end-page: 81 article-title: Minimum cut of a planar undirected network in ( log ( )) time publication-title: SIAM J. Comput – volume: 22 start-page: 313 issue: 3 year: 2003 end-page: 318 article-title: Poisson image editing publication-title: ACM Trans. Graph – start-page: 341 year: 2001 end-page: 346 – volume: 28 start-page: 69:1 issue: 3 year: 2009 end-page: 69:7 article-title: Paint selection publication-title: ACM Transactions on Graphics – volume: II start-page: 806 year: 2007 end-page: 816 article-title: Image segmentation using iterated graph cuts based on multi‐scale smoothing publication-title: ACCV – volume: 32 start-page: 197:1 issue: 6 year: 2013 end-page: 197:10 article-title: A sparse control model for image and video editing publication-title: ACM Trans. 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UU‐CS‐TR‐XX year: 2014 ident: e_1_2_8_24_2 – ident: e_1_2_8_11_2 doi: 10.1145/1141911.1141934 – ident: e_1_2_8_7_2 doi: 10.1109/CVPR.1998.698630 – ident: e_1_2_8_19_2 doi: 10.1006/gmip.1998.0480 – ident: e_1_2_8_2_2 doi: 10.1145/1015706.1015718 – ident: e_1_2_8_3_2 doi: 10.1145/1360612.1360639 – start-page: 806 year: 2007 ident: e_1_2_8_20_2 article-title: Image segmentation using iterated graph cuts based on multi‐scale smoothing publication-title: ACCV – start-page: 377 year: 2004 ident: e_1_2_8_17_2 article-title: Seamless image stitching in the gradient domain publication-title: ECCV – ident: e_1_2_8_30_2 doi: 10.1145/1618452.1618464 – ident: e_1_2_8_28_2 doi: 10.1109/CVPRW.2008.4563095 – start-page: 2181 volume-title: CVPR year: 2010 ident: e_1_2_8_13_2 – ident: e_1_2_8_14_2 doi: 10.1109/ICCV.2005.13 – ident: e_1_2_8_18_2 doi: 10.1145/218380.218442 – ident: e_1_2_8_29_2 doi: 10.1145/1276377.1276389 – ident: e_1_2_8_8_2 doi: 10.1007/BF01386390 – ident: e_1_2_8_6_2 doi: 10.1145/882262.882265 – ident: e_1_2_8_25_2 doi: 10.1109/CVPR.2009.5206863 – ident: e_1_2_8_26_2 doi: 10.1145/2185520.2185579 |
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| SubjectTerms | Analysis Boundaries Categories and Subject Descriptors (according to ACM CCS) Computer graphics Editing Flexibility Formulations I.3.6 [Computer Graphics]: Methodology and Techniques-Interaction Techniques Image processing systems Interactive MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING Painted Studies Visualization, High-performance Computing |
| Title | Paint and Click: Unified Interactions for Image Boundaries |
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