The synthesis of the aortic valve closure sound of the dog by the mean filter of forward and backward predictor

• Published in: IEEE transactions on biomedical engineering Vol. 39; no. 1; pp. 1 - 8
• Main Authors: Tang, Y., Danmin, C., Durand, L.G.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY IEEE 01.01.1992; Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
• Subjects: Algorithms; Amplitude estimation; Animals; Aortic Valve - physiology; Biological and medical sciences; Cardiovascular system; Damping; Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted - standards; Dogs; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Filters; Frequency estimation; Frequency synthesizers; Heart; Heart Sounds; Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects); Medical sciences; Models, Cardiovascular; Monte Carlo Method; Pathology. Cytology. Biochemistry. Spectrometry. Miscellaneous investigative techniques; Phase estimation; Predictive models; Thorax; Valves; Fissipedia; Carnivora; Heart sound; Closure; Algorithm; Vertebrata; Mammalia; Filter; Animal; Circulatory system; Technique; Mathematical model; Dog; Aortic valve; Sound synthesis; Biomedical engineering
• ISSN: 0018-9294
• DOI: 10.1109/10.108121

The application of a new algorithm, the mean filter of forward and backward predictor, to synthesize the aortic component of the second heart sound (A/sub 2/), according to an exponentially damped sinusoid model, is described. The resulting estimates of four modeling parameters composing each sinusoid of A/sub 2/ (amplitude, damping factor, frequency, and phase) were used to synthesize the original aortic sounds. The synthesized sounds were then compared to the original sound recorded on the thorax of six dogs and an error index was computed. The results show that the method is more precise than the forward predictor filter, the backward predictor filter, and the improved KT algorithm. The new algorithm is also highly stable and the error index between the original A/sub 2/ and the synthesized waveforms is always less than 1%.< >