Improvement of NOX Reduction Rate of Urea SCR System Applied for an Non-Road Diesel Engine
Urea SCR technology has been widely used to reduce NOx emissions of diesel engines. Despite remarkable development for decades, more advanced control and optimization of urea SCR systems are still required as global NOx emissions standards are expected to become more stringent. This study investigat...
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| Published in | International journal of automotive technology Vol. 20; no. 6; pp. 1153 - 1160 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Seoul
The Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
01.12.2019
Springer Nature B.V 한국자동차공학회 |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1229-9138 1976-3832 |
| DOI | 10.1007/s12239-019-0108-6 |
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| Abstract | Urea SCR technology has been widely used to reduce NOx emissions of diesel engines. Despite remarkable development for decades, more advanced control and optimization of urea SCR systems are still required as global NOx emissions standards are expected to become more stringent. This study investigated several influential parameters of urea SCR system to improve NOx reduction efficiency. This study uses a commercialized UWS (Urea Water Solution) supply system and a SCR catalyst which was installed in the exhaust line of a non-road CRDI (Common Rail Direct Injection) diesel engine. From this study, it was found that the low space velocity of SCR catalyst is essential for high NOx reduction efficiency, especially at low temperatures. Early injection of UWS enhances the overall NOx reduction efficiency if UWS injection was carefully controlled to avoid urea deposits. Rich injection of UWS with AOC is a good strategy for high NOx reduction efficiency. However, NOx reproduction in the AOC, which has an adverse effect on the overall NOx reduction rate, occurs at high exhaust gas temperatures. System insulation also can improve the NOx reduction efficiency by a few percentage points. |
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| AbstractList | Urea SCR technology has been widely used to reduce NOx emissions of diesel engines. Despite remarkable development for decades, more advanced control and optimization of urea SCR systems are still required as global NOx emissions standards are expected to become more stringent. This study investigated several influential parameters of urea SCR system to improve NOx reduction efficiency. This study uses a commercialized UWS (Urea Water Solution) supply system and a SCR catalyst which was installed in the exhaust line of a non-road CRDI (Common Rail Direct Injection) diesel engine.
From this study, it was found that the low space velocity of SCR catalyst is essential for high NOx reduction efficiency, especially at low temperatures. Early injection of UWS enhances the overall NOx reduction efficiency if UWS injection was carefully controlled to avoid urea deposits. Rich injection of UWS with AOC is a good strategy for high NOx reduction efficiency. However, NOx reproduction in the AOC, which has an adverse effect on the overall NOx reduction rate, occurs at high exhaust gas temperatures. System insulation also can improve the NOx reduction efficiency by a few percentage points. KCI Citation Count: 10 Urea SCR technology has been widely used to reduce NOx emissions of diesel engines. Despite remarkable development for decades, more advanced control and optimization of urea SCR systems are still required as global NOx emissions standards are expected to become more stringent. This study investigated several influential parameters of urea SCR system to improve NOx reduction efficiency. This study uses a commercialized UWS (Urea Water Solution) supply system and a SCR catalyst which was installed in the exhaust line of a non-road CRDI (Common Rail Direct Injection) diesel engine. From this study, it was found that the low space velocity of SCR catalyst is essential for high NOx reduction efficiency, especially at low temperatures. Early injection of UWS enhances the overall NOx reduction efficiency if UWS injection was carefully controlled to avoid urea deposits. Rich injection of UWS with AOC is a good strategy for high NOx reduction efficiency. However, NOx reproduction in the AOC, which has an adverse effect on the overall NOx reduction rate, occurs at high exhaust gas temperatures. System insulation also can improve the NOx reduction efficiency by a few percentage points. |
| Author | Pyo, Sukang Cho, Gyubaek Oh, Youngtaig Kim, Taemin Kim, Hongsuk Han, Joonsoo Jung, Haksup |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Joonsoo surname: Han fullname: Han, Joonsoo organization: Department of Engine Research, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials – sequence: 2 givenname: Taemin surname: Kim fullname: Kim, Taemin organization: R&D Center, E&D Corporate Ltd, #912, Daerung Techno Town 12th – sequence: 3 givenname: Haksup surname: Jung fullname: Jung, Haksup organization: Research Center, Kukje Machinery Company – sequence: 4 givenname: Sukang surname: Pyo fullname: Pyo, Sukang organization: Research Center, Kukje Machinery Company – sequence: 5 givenname: Gyubaek surname: Cho fullname: Cho, Gyubaek organization: Department of Engine Research, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials – sequence: 6 givenname: Youngtaig surname: Oh fullname: Oh, Youngtaig organization: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chonbuk National University – sequence: 7 givenname: Hongsuk surname: Kim fullname: Kim, Hongsuk email: hongsuk@kimm.re.kr organization: Department of Engine Research, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1002_jctb_7298 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11164_024_05396_1 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12239_020_0150_4 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12239_023_0130_6 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_eiar_2025_107864 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11356_020_08785_2 crossref_primary_10_3390_en18030610 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2023_162914 crossref_primary_10_1149_1945_7111_acdb9c crossref_primary_10_1039_D2RA02981B crossref_primary_10_1007_s12239_024_00115_6 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jes_2021_12_041 crossref_primary_10_3390_en13010218 crossref_primary_10_1021_acs_iecr_1c02732 |
| Cites_doi | 10.4271/2015-01-0994 10.4271/2016-01-0948 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b01331 10.1016/j.cej.2017.06.020 10.1016/j.apcatb.2014.07.059 10.1016/j.cattod.2010.01.010 10.4271/2008-01-1185 10.4271/2007-01-1572 10.4271/2006-01-0640 10.4271/2017-01-0987 10.4271/2009-01-0901 10.4271/2015-26-0109 10.1016/S0920-5861(02)00006-8 10.4271/2012-01-1745 10.1007/s12239-017-0093-6 10.4271/2010-01-1938 10.4271/2015-01-1054 10.4271/2015-01-1057 10.1016/j.apcatb.2011.09.023 10.4271/2012-01-1087 10.4271/2010-01-0883 10.4271/2013-01-1076 |
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| Issue | 6 |
| Keywords | Urea SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) Non-road diesel engine AOC (Ammonia Oxidation Catalyst) NOx (Nitrogen Oxides) UWS (Urea Water Solution) |
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| References | GirardJCavataioGLambertCThe influence of ammonia slip catalyst on ammonia, N2O and NOx emissions for diesel engines200710.4271/2007-01-1572 SharmaPVenkatachalamSPaulrajPHalbeVPandianSAn experimental comparison of the uniformity index for two dual stage plate mixers in a SCR system201510.4271/2015-26-0109 TheisJSCR catalyst systems optimized for lightoff and steady-state performanceSAE Int. J. Fuels and Lubricants2009233234110.4271/2009-01-0901 CavataioGGirardJPattersonJMontreuilCChengYLambertK CLaboratory testing of urea-SCR formulations to meet tier 2 bin 5 emissions2007 ManniMPedicilloAPieroGMassaraEAn experimental evaluation of the impact of lubricating oils and fuels on diesel particulate filters2007 HanJLeeJOhYChoGKimHEffect of UWS injection at low exhaust gas temperature on Nox removal efficiency of diesel engineInt. J. Automotive Technology20171895195710.1007/s12239-017-0093-6 SatoSSatoSHosoyaMImprovement of low-temperature performance of the NOx reduction efficiency on the urea-SCR catalyst201310.4271/2013-01-1076 RudderKTier 4 high efficiency SCR for agricultural applicationsSAE Int. J. Commercial Vehicles201251639164910.4271/2012-01-1087 JeonJLeeJParkSNitrogen compounds (NO, NO2, N2O, and NH3) in NOx emissions from commercial EURO VI type heavy-duty diesel engines with a urea-selective catalytic reduction systemEnergy & Fuels2016306628663410.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b01331 ColomboMNovaITronconiESchmeiserVBandl-KonradBZimmermannLNO/ NO2/N2O-NH3 SCR reactions over a commercial Fezeolite catalyst for diesel exhaust aftertreatment: Intrinsic kinetics and monolith converter modelingApplied Catalysis B: Environmental2012111-11210611810.1016/j.apcatb.2011.09.023 HunnekesEHeijdenPPatchettJAmmonia oxidation catalyst for mobile SCR systems200610.4271/2006-01-0640 ChoJLeeJKimSBangSChunJKangJA development of urea solution injection quantity decision logic for SCR system2013 GirardJCavataioGSnowRLambertCCombined Fe-Cu SCR systems with optimized ammonia to NOx ratio for diesel NOx controlSAE Int. J. Fuels and Lubricants2008160361010.4271/2008-01-1185 HirotakaNYoTTaikiAKawamuraSDaishoYSuzukiHIshiiHYamaguchiKA study on the improvement of NOx reduction efficiency for a urea SCR system2015 HouXEplingWSchmiegSLiWCu-Zeolite SCR catalyst thermal deactivation studied with FTIR spatial resolution2011 McKinleyTAlleyneAA switched, controlsoriented SCR catalyst model using on-line eigenvalue estimation2009 HallstromKVossKShahSThe formation of N2O on the SCR catalyst in a heavy duty US 2010 emission control system2013 MatsuiWSuzukiTOhtaYItoSTanakaYKikuchiYDaishoYA study on N2O formation mechanism and its reduction in a urea SCR systems employed in a DI diesel engine201210.4271/2012-01-1745 OttingerNSchmidtNLiuZUnderstanding system- and component-level N2O emissions from a vanadium-based nonroad diesel aftertreatment system201710.4271/2017-01-0987 SalantaGZhengGKotrbaARampazzoRBergantimLOptimization of urea SCR system for on-highway truck applications201010.4271/2010-01-1938 MckinleyTAlleyneALeeCMixture nonuniformity in SCR systems: Modeling and uniformity index requirements for steady-state and transient operationInt. J. Fuels and Lubricants2010348649910.4271/2010-01-0883 ColomboMNovaITronconiEA comparative study of the NH3-SCR reactions over a Cuzeolite and a Fe-zeolite catalystCatalysis Today201015122323010.1016/j.cattod.2010.01.010 MurataYTokuiSWatanabeSDaishoYSuzukiHIshiiHImprovement of NOx reduction rate of urea-SCR system by NH3 adsorption quantity control2008 JungYShinYPyoYChoCJangJKimGNOx and N2O emissions over a urea-SCR system containing both V2O5-WO3/TIO2 and Cu-zeolite catalysts in a diesel engineChemical Engineering J.201732685386210.1016/j.cej.2017.06.020 KoebelMMadiaGElsenerMSelective catalytic reduction of NO and NO2 at low temperaturesCatalysis Today20027323924710.1016/S0920-5861(02)00006-8 SmithHZochbauerMLauerTAdvanced spray impingement modelling for an improved prediction accuracy of the ammonia homogenisation in SCR systems201510.4271/2015-01-1054 SupriyantoKurniaWAshorKJoshiSKamasamudramKCurrierW NYezeretsAOlssonLGlobal kinetic modeling of hydrothermal aging of NH3-SCR over Cu-zeolitesApplied Catalysis B: Environmental201516338239210.1016/j.apcatb.2014.07.059 GirardJSnowRCavataioGLambertCThe influence of ammonia to NOx ratio on SCR performance2007 KojimaHFischerMHagaHOhyaNNishiKMitoTFukushiNNext generation all in one close-coupled urea-SCR system201510.4271/2015-01-0994 RajanVMallikarjunaJVenkitachalamG3-D numerical study of effect of injection parameters upon the uniformity of ammonia in urea-SCR2013 LiuZWangHWangYThe model based control strategy for an advanced UREA-SCR system2012 ZhanRHuangYKhairMMethodologies to control DPF uncontrolled regenerations2006 DrennanSKumarGQuanSWangMApplication of automatic meshing to urea-water injection simulation for engine aftertreatment201510.4271/2015-01-1057 ClarkDPaulyTAn approach to controlling N2O emission on HDD on-road applicationsSAE Int. J. Engines201691626162910.4271/2016-01-0948 SharpCWebbCNeelyGSarlashkarJRengarajanB SYunSHenryCZavalaBAchieving ultra low NOx emissions levels with a 2017 heavy-duty on-highway TC diesel engine and an advanced technology emissions system NOx management strategies2017 M Colombo (108_CR5) 2012; 111-112 J Girard (108_CR8) 2008; 1 C Sharp (108_CR31) 2017 P Sharma (108_CR30) 2015 W Matsui (108_CR21) 2012 Y Murata (108_CR24) 2008 J Cho (108_CR2) 2013 M Koebel (108_CR17) 2002; 73 S Drennan (108_CR6) 2015 V Rajan (108_CR26) 2013 D Clark (108_CR3) 2016; 9 J Han (108_CR11) 2017; 18 T McKinley (108_CR22) 2009 H Smith (108_CR32) 2015 R Zhan (108_CR35) 2006 G Salanta (108_CR28) 2010 Y Jung (108_CR16) 2017; 326 E Hunnekes (108_CR14) 2006 J Jeon (108_CR15) 2016; 30 N Ottinger (108_CR25) 2017 M Manni (108_CR20) 2007 J Girard (108_CR9) 2007 T Mckinley (108_CR23) 2010; 3 N Hirotaka (108_CR12) 2015 Z Liu (108_CR19) 2012 S Sato (108_CR29) 2013 J Girard (108_CR7) 2007 J Theis (108_CR34) 2009; 2 Supriyanto (108_CR33) 2015; 163 M Colombo (108_CR4) 2010; 151 X Hou (108_CR13) 2011 G Cavataio (108_CR1) 2007 K Rudder (108_CR27) 2012; 5 H Kojima (108_CR18) 2015 K Hallstrom (108_CR10) 2013 |
| References_xml | – reference: HanJLeeJOhYChoGKimHEffect of UWS injection at low exhaust gas temperature on Nox removal efficiency of diesel engineInt. J. Automotive Technology20171895195710.1007/s12239-017-0093-6 – reference: MckinleyTAlleyneALeeCMixture nonuniformity in SCR systems: Modeling and uniformity index requirements for steady-state and transient operationInt. J. Fuels and Lubricants2010348649910.4271/2010-01-0883 – reference: SmithHZochbauerMLauerTAdvanced spray impingement modelling for an improved prediction accuracy of the ammonia homogenisation in SCR systems201510.4271/2015-01-1054 – reference: SharmaPVenkatachalamSPaulrajPHalbeVPandianSAn experimental comparison of the uniformity index for two dual stage plate mixers in a SCR system201510.4271/2015-26-0109 – reference: HirotakaNYoTTaikiAKawamuraSDaishoYSuzukiHIshiiHYamaguchiKA study on the improvement of NOx reduction efficiency for a urea SCR system2015 – reference: HouXEplingWSchmiegSLiWCu-Zeolite SCR catalyst thermal deactivation studied with FTIR spatial resolution2011 – reference: ZhanRHuangYKhairMMethodologies to control DPF uncontrolled regenerations2006 – reference: HunnekesEHeijdenPPatchettJAmmonia oxidation catalyst for mobile SCR systems200610.4271/2006-01-0640 – reference: GirardJCavataioGLambertCThe influence of ammonia slip catalyst on ammonia, N2O and NOx emissions for diesel engines200710.4271/2007-01-1572 – reference: RajanVMallikarjunaJVenkitachalamG3-D numerical study of effect of injection parameters upon the uniformity of ammonia in urea-SCR2013 – reference: GirardJCavataioGSnowRLambertCCombined Fe-Cu SCR systems with optimized ammonia to NOx ratio for diesel NOx controlSAE Int. J. Fuels and Lubricants2008160361010.4271/2008-01-1185 – reference: OttingerNSchmidtNLiuZUnderstanding system- and component-level N2O emissions from a vanadium-based nonroad diesel aftertreatment system201710.4271/2017-01-0987 – reference: MurataYTokuiSWatanabeSDaishoYSuzukiHIshiiHImprovement of NOx reduction rate of urea-SCR system by NH3 adsorption quantity control2008 – reference: HallstromKVossKShahSThe formation of N2O on the SCR catalyst in a heavy duty US 2010 emission control system2013 – reference: KojimaHFischerMHagaHOhyaNNishiKMitoTFukushiNNext generation all in one close-coupled urea-SCR system201510.4271/2015-01-0994 – reference: SatoSSatoSHosoyaMImprovement of low-temperature performance of the NOx reduction efficiency on the urea-SCR catalyst201310.4271/2013-01-1076 – reference: RudderKTier 4 high efficiency SCR for agricultural applicationsSAE Int. J. Commercial Vehicles201251639164910.4271/2012-01-1087 – reference: TheisJSCR catalyst systems optimized for lightoff and steady-state performanceSAE Int. J. Fuels and Lubricants2009233234110.4271/2009-01-0901 – reference: SharpCWebbCNeelyGSarlashkarJRengarajanB SYunSHenryCZavalaBAchieving ultra low NOx emissions levels with a 2017 heavy-duty on-highway TC diesel engine and an advanced technology emissions system NOx management strategies2017 – reference: ChoJLeeJKimSBangSChunJKangJA development of urea solution injection quantity decision logic for SCR system2013 – reference: JeonJLeeJParkSNitrogen compounds (NO, NO2, N2O, and NH3) in NOx emissions from commercial EURO VI type heavy-duty diesel engines with a urea-selective catalytic reduction systemEnergy & Fuels2016306628663410.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b01331 – reference: CavataioGGirardJPattersonJMontreuilCChengYLambertK CLaboratory testing of urea-SCR formulations to meet tier 2 bin 5 emissions2007 – reference: GirardJSnowRCavataioGLambertCThe influence of ammonia to NOx ratio on SCR performance2007 – reference: McKinleyTAlleyneAA switched, controlsoriented SCR catalyst model using on-line eigenvalue estimation2009 – reference: KoebelMMadiaGElsenerMSelective catalytic reduction of NO and NO2 at low temperaturesCatalysis Today20027323924710.1016/S0920-5861(02)00006-8 – reference: SupriyantoKurniaWAshorKJoshiSKamasamudramKCurrierW NYezeretsAOlssonLGlobal kinetic modeling of hydrothermal aging of NH3-SCR over Cu-zeolitesApplied Catalysis B: Environmental201516338239210.1016/j.apcatb.2014.07.059 – reference: ColomboMNovaITronconiEA comparative study of the NH3-SCR reactions over a Cuzeolite and a Fe-zeolite catalystCatalysis Today201015122323010.1016/j.cattod.2010.01.010 – reference: ClarkDPaulyTAn approach to controlling N2O emission on HDD on-road applicationsSAE Int. J. Engines201691626162910.4271/2016-01-0948 – reference: LiuZWangHWangYThe model based control strategy for an advanced UREA-SCR system2012 – reference: MatsuiWSuzukiTOhtaYItoSTanakaYKikuchiYDaishoYA study on N2O formation mechanism and its reduction in a urea SCR systems employed in a DI diesel engine201210.4271/2012-01-1745 – reference: SalantaGZhengGKotrbaARampazzoRBergantimLOptimization of urea SCR system for on-highway truck applications201010.4271/2010-01-1938 – reference: ColomboMNovaITronconiESchmeiserVBandl-KonradBZimmermannLNO/ NO2/N2O-NH3 SCR reactions over a commercial Fezeolite catalyst for diesel exhaust aftertreatment: Intrinsic kinetics and monolith converter modelingApplied Catalysis B: Environmental2012111-11210611810.1016/j.apcatb.2011.09.023 – reference: DrennanSKumarGQuanSWangMApplication of automatic meshing to urea-water injection simulation for engine aftertreatment201510.4271/2015-01-1057 – reference: JungYShinYPyoYChoCJangJKimGNOx and N2O emissions over a urea-SCR system containing both V2O5-WO3/TIO2 and Cu-zeolite catalysts in a diesel engineChemical Engineering J.201732685386210.1016/j.cej.2017.06.020 – reference: ManniMPedicilloAPieroGMassaraEAn experimental evaluation of the impact of lubricating oils and fuels on diesel particulate filters2007 – volume-title: A study on the improvement of NOx reduction efficiency for a urea SCR system year: 2015 ident: 108_CR12 – volume-title: Achieving ultra low NOx emissions levels with a 2017 heavy-duty on-highway TC diesel engine and an advanced technology emissions system NOx management strategies year: 2017 ident: 108_CR31 – volume-title: Improvement of NOx reduction rate of urea-SCR system by NH3 adsorption quantity control year: 2008 ident: 108_CR24 – volume-title: The influence of ammonia to NOx ratio on SCR performance year: 2007 ident: 108_CR9 – volume-title: Next generation all in one close-coupled urea-SCR system year: 2015 ident: 108_CR18 doi: 10.4271/2015-01-0994 – volume: 9 start-page: 1626 year: 2016 ident: 108_CR3 publication-title: SAE Int. J. Engines doi: 10.4271/2016-01-0948 – volume: 30 start-page: 6628 year: 2016 ident: 108_CR15 publication-title: Energy & Fuels doi: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b01331 – volume: 326 start-page: 853 year: 2017 ident: 108_CR16 publication-title: Chemical Engineering J. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2017.06.020 – volume: 163 start-page: 382 year: 2015 ident: 108_CR33 publication-title: Applied Catalysis B: Environmental doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2014.07.059 – volume: 151 start-page: 223 year: 2010 ident: 108_CR4 publication-title: Catalysis Today doi: 10.1016/j.cattod.2010.01.010 – volume: 1 start-page: 603 year: 2008 ident: 108_CR8 publication-title: SAE Int. J. Fuels and Lubricants doi: 10.4271/2008-01-1185 – volume-title: Laboratory testing of urea-SCR formulations to meet tier 2 bin 5 emissions year: 2007 ident: 108_CR1 – volume-title: An experimental evaluation of the impact of lubricating oils and fuels on diesel particulate filters year: 2007 ident: 108_CR20 – volume-title: The influence of ammonia slip catalyst on ammonia, N2O and NOx emissions for diesel engines year: 2007 ident: 108_CR7 doi: 10.4271/2007-01-1572 – volume-title: 3-D numerical study of effect of injection parameters upon the uniformity of ammonia in urea-SCR year: 2013 ident: 108_CR26 – volume-title: The model based control strategy for an advanced UREA-SCR system year: 2012 ident: 108_CR19 – volume-title: Ammonia oxidation catalyst for mobile SCR systems year: 2006 ident: 108_CR14 doi: 10.4271/2006-01-0640 – volume-title: Understanding system- and component-level N2O emissions from a vanadium-based nonroad diesel aftertreatment system year: 2017 ident: 108_CR25 doi: 10.4271/2017-01-0987 – volume: 2 start-page: 332 year: 2009 ident: 108_CR34 publication-title: SAE Int. J. Fuels and Lubricants doi: 10.4271/2009-01-0901 – volume-title: Cu-Zeolite SCR catalyst thermal deactivation studied with FTIR spatial resolution year: 2011 ident: 108_CR13 – volume-title: An experimental comparison of the uniformity index for two dual stage plate mixers in a SCR system year: 2015 ident: 108_CR30 doi: 10.4271/2015-26-0109 – volume: 73 start-page: 239 year: 2002 ident: 108_CR17 publication-title: Catalysis Today doi: 10.1016/S0920-5861(02)00006-8 – volume-title: A study on N2O formation mechanism and its reduction in a urea SCR systems employed in a DI diesel engine year: 2012 ident: 108_CR21 doi: 10.4271/2012-01-1745 – volume: 18 start-page: 951 year: 2017 ident: 108_CR11 publication-title: Int. J. Automotive Technology doi: 10.1007/s12239-017-0093-6 – volume-title: Methodologies to control DPF uncontrolled regenerations year: 2006 ident: 108_CR35 – volume-title: Optimization of urea SCR system for on-highway truck applications year: 2010 ident: 108_CR28 doi: 10.4271/2010-01-1938 – volume-title: Advanced spray impingement modelling for an improved prediction accuracy of the ammonia homogenisation in SCR systems year: 2015 ident: 108_CR32 doi: 10.4271/2015-01-1054 – volume-title: Application of automatic meshing to urea-water injection simulation for engine aftertreatment year: 2015 ident: 108_CR6 doi: 10.4271/2015-01-1057 – volume-title: A switched, controlsoriented SCR catalyst model using on-line eigenvalue estimation year: 2009 ident: 108_CR22 – volume: 111-112 start-page: 106 year: 2012 ident: 108_CR5 publication-title: Applied Catalysis B: Environmental doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2011.09.023 – volume: 5 start-page: 1639 year: 2012 ident: 108_CR27 publication-title: SAE Int. J. Commercial Vehicles doi: 10.4271/2012-01-1087 – volume: 3 start-page: 486 year: 2010 ident: 108_CR23 publication-title: Int. J. Fuels and Lubricants doi: 10.4271/2010-01-0883 – volume-title: A development of urea solution injection quantity decision logic for SCR system year: 2013 ident: 108_CR2 – volume-title: Improvement of low-temperature performance of the NOx reduction efficiency on the urea-SCR catalyst year: 2013 ident: 108_CR29 doi: 10.4271/2013-01-1076 – volume-title: The formation of N2O on the SCR catalyst in a heavy duty US 2010 emission control system year: 2013 ident: 108_CR10 |
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| SubjectTerms | Automotive Engineering Catalysts Commercialization Common rail Diesel engines Efficiency Emission standards Emissions Engineering Exhaust gases Exhaust systems Low temperature Nitrogen oxides Optimization Reduction Urea 자동차공학 |
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| Title | Improvement of NOX Reduction Rate of Urea SCR System Applied for an Non-Road Diesel Engine |
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