The IDIP framework for assessing protein function and its application to the prion protein
ABSTRACT The quest to determine the function of a protein can represent a profound challenge. Although this task is the mandate of countless research groups, a general framework for how it can be approached is conspicuously lacking. Moreover, even expectations for when the function of a protein can...
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| Published in | Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society Vol. 96; no. 5; pp. 1907 - 1932 |
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| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Oxford, UK
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01.10.2021
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1464-7931 1469-185X 0006-3231 1469-185X |
| DOI | 10.1111/brv.12731 |
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| Abstract | ABSTRACT
The quest to determine the function of a protein can represent a profound challenge. Although this task is the mandate of countless research groups, a general framework for how it can be approached is conspicuously lacking. Moreover, even expectations for when the function of a protein can be considered to be ‘known’ are not well defined. In this review, we begin by introducing concepts pertinent to the challenge of protein function assignments. We then propose a framework for inferring a protein's function from four data categories: ‘inheritance’, ‘distribution’, ‘interactions’ and ‘phenotypes’ (IDIP). We document that the functions of proteins emerge at the intersection of inferences drawn from these data categories and emphasise the benefit of considering them in an evolutionary context. We then apply this approach to the cellular prion protein (PrPC), well known for its central role in prion diseases, whose function continues to be considered elusive by many investigators. We document that available data converge on the conclusion that the function of the prion protein is to control a critical post‐translational modification of the neural cell adhesion molecule in the context of epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition and related plasticity programmes. Finally, we argue that this proposed function of PrPC has already passed the test of time and is concordant with the IDIP framework in a way that other functions considered for this protein fail to achieve. We anticipate that the IDIP framework and the concepts analysed herein will aid the investigation of other proteins whose primary functional assignments have thus far been intractable. |
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| AbstractList | The quest to determine the function of a protein can represent a profound challenge. Although this task is the mandate of countless research groups, a general framework for how it can be approached is conspicuously lacking. Moreover, even expectations for when the function of a protein can be considered to be ‘known’ are not well defined. In this review, we begin by introducing concepts pertinent to the challenge of protein function assignments. We then propose a framework for inferring a protein's function from four data categories: ‘inheritance’, ‘distribution’, ‘interactions’ and ‘phenotypes’ (IDIP). We document that the functions of proteins emerge at the intersection of inferences drawn from these data categories and emphasise the benefit of considering them in an evolutionary context. We then apply this approach to the cellular prion protein (PrPC), well known for its central role in prion diseases, whose function continues to be considered elusive by many investigators. We document that available data converge on the conclusion that the function of the prion protein is to control a critical post‐translational modification of the neural cell adhesion molecule in the context of epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition and related plasticity programmes. Finally, we argue that this proposed function of PrPC has already passed the test of time and is concordant with the IDIP framework in a way that other functions considered for this protein fail to achieve. We anticipate that the IDIP framework and the concepts analysed herein will aid the investigation of other proteins whose primary functional assignments have thus far been intractable. The quest to determine the function of a protein can represent a profound challenge. Although this task is the mandate of countless research groups, a general framework for how it can be approached is conspicuously lacking. Moreover, even expectations for when the function of a protein can be considered to be 'known' are not well defined. In this review, we begin by introducing concepts pertinent to the challenge of protein function assignments. We then propose a framework for inferring a protein's function from four data categories: 'inheritance', 'distribution', 'interactions' and 'phenotypes' (IDIP). We document that the functions of proteins emerge at the intersection of inferences drawn from these data categories and emphasise the benefit of considering them in an evolutionary context. We then apply this approach to the cellular prion protein (PrP ), well known for its central role in prion diseases, whose function continues to be considered elusive by many investigators. We document that available data converge on the conclusion that the function of the prion protein is to control a critical post-translational modification of the neural cell adhesion molecule in the context of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and related plasticity programmes. Finally, we argue that this proposed function of PrP has already passed the test of time and is concordant with the IDIP framework in a way that other functions considered for this protein fail to achieve. We anticipate that the IDIP framework and the concepts analysed herein will aid the investigation of other proteins whose primary functional assignments have thus far been intractable. The quest to determine the function of a protein can represent a profound challenge. Although this task is the mandate of countless research groups, a general framework for how it can be approached is conspicuously lacking. Moreover, even expectations for when the function of a protein can be considered to be ‘known’ are not well defined. In this review, we begin by introducing concepts pertinent to the challenge of protein function assignments. We then propose a framework for inferring a protein's function from four data categories: ‘inheritance’, ‘distribution’, ‘interactions’ and ‘phenotypes’ (IDIP). We document that the functions of proteins emerge at the intersection of inferences drawn from these data categories and emphasise the benefit of considering them in an evolutionary context. We then apply this approach to the cellular prion protein (PrP C ), well known for its central role in prion diseases, whose function continues to be considered elusive by many investigators. We document that available data converge on the conclusion that the function of the prion protein is to control a critical post‐translational modification of the neural cell adhesion molecule in the context of epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition and related plasticity programmes. Finally, we argue that this proposed function of PrP C has already passed the test of time and is concordant with the IDIP framework in a way that other functions considered for this protein fail to achieve. We anticipate that the IDIP framework and the concepts analysed herein will aid the investigation of other proteins whose primary functional assignments have thus far been intractable. ABSTRACT The quest to determine the function of a protein can represent a profound challenge. Although this task is the mandate of countless research groups, a general framework for how it can be approached is conspicuously lacking. Moreover, even expectations for when the function of a protein can be considered to be ‘known’ are not well defined. In this review, we begin by introducing concepts pertinent to the challenge of protein function assignments. We then propose a framework for inferring a protein's function from four data categories: ‘inheritance’, ‘distribution’, ‘interactions’ and ‘phenotypes’ (IDIP). We document that the functions of proteins emerge at the intersection of inferences drawn from these data categories and emphasise the benefit of considering them in an evolutionary context. We then apply this approach to the cellular prion protein (PrPC), well known for its central role in prion diseases, whose function continues to be considered elusive by many investigators. We document that available data converge on the conclusion that the function of the prion protein is to control a critical post‐translational modification of the neural cell adhesion molecule in the context of epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition and related plasticity programmes. Finally, we argue that this proposed function of PrPC has already passed the test of time and is concordant with the IDIP framework in a way that other functions considered for this protein fail to achieve. We anticipate that the IDIP framework and the concepts analysed herein will aid the investigation of other proteins whose primary functional assignments have thus far been intractable. The quest to determine the function of a protein can represent a profound challenge. Although this task is the mandate of countless research groups, a general framework for how it can be approached is conspicuously lacking. Moreover, even expectations for when the function of a protein can be considered to be 'known' are not well defined. In this review, we begin by introducing concepts pertinent to the challenge of protein function assignments. We then propose a framework for inferring a protein's function from four data categories: 'inheritance', 'distribution', 'interactions' and 'phenotypes' (IDIP). We document that the functions of proteins emerge at the intersection of inferences drawn from these data categories and emphasise the benefit of considering them in an evolutionary context. We then apply this approach to the cellular prion protein (PrPC ), well known for its central role in prion diseases, whose function continues to be considered elusive by many investigators. We document that available data converge on the conclusion that the function of the prion protein is to control a critical post-translational modification of the neural cell adhesion molecule in the context of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and related plasticity programmes. Finally, we argue that this proposed function of PrPC has already passed the test of time and is concordant with the IDIP framework in a way that other functions considered for this protein fail to achieve. We anticipate that the IDIP framework and the concepts analysed herein will aid the investigation of other proteins whose primary functional assignments have thus far been intractable.The quest to determine the function of a protein can represent a profound challenge. Although this task is the mandate of countless research groups, a general framework for how it can be approached is conspicuously lacking. Moreover, even expectations for when the function of a protein can be considered to be 'known' are not well defined. In this review, we begin by introducing concepts pertinent to the challenge of protein function assignments. We then propose a framework for inferring a protein's function from four data categories: 'inheritance', 'distribution', 'interactions' and 'phenotypes' (IDIP). We document that the functions of proteins emerge at the intersection of inferences drawn from these data categories and emphasise the benefit of considering them in an evolutionary context. We then apply this approach to the cellular prion protein (PrPC ), well known for its central role in prion diseases, whose function continues to be considered elusive by many investigators. We document that available data converge on the conclusion that the function of the prion protein is to control a critical post-translational modification of the neural cell adhesion molecule in the context of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and related plasticity programmes. Finally, we argue that this proposed function of PrPC has already passed the test of time and is concordant with the IDIP framework in a way that other functions considered for this protein fail to achieve. We anticipate that the IDIP framework and the concepts analysed herein will aid the investigation of other proteins whose primary functional assignments have thus far been intractable. |
| Author | Williams, Declan Ehsani, Sepehr Mehrabian, Mohadeseh Schmitt‐Ulms, Gerold |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Gerold orcidid: 0000-0001-6962-0919 surname: Schmitt‐Ulms fullname: Schmitt‐Ulms, Gerold email: g.schmittulms@utoronto.ca organization: University of Toronto – sequence: 2 givenname: Mohadeseh orcidid: 0000-0003-3574-4344 surname: Mehrabian fullname: Mehrabian, Mohadeseh organization: Sangamo Therapeutics – sequence: 3 givenname: Declan orcidid: 0000-0002-6754-1624 surname: Williams fullname: Williams, Declan organization: University of Toronto – sequence: 4 givenname: Sepehr orcidid: 0000-0002-9613-6898 surname: Ehsani fullname: Ehsani, Sepehr email: ehsani@uclmail.net organization: Ronin Institute for Independent Scholarship |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33960099$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1186_s13567_022_01075_4 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms23062909 crossref_primary_10_1139_bcb_2024_0018 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_nbd_2025_106802 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00441_022_03630_z |
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| Keywords | phenotype proteins function neural cell adhesion molecule interaction inheritance distribution epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition polysialylation prion protein |
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| PublicationDate | October 2021 |
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| Score | 2.3880768 |
| SecondaryResourceType | review_article |
| Snippet | ABSTRACT
The quest to determine the function of a protein can represent a profound challenge. Although this task is the mandate of countless research groups, a... The quest to determine the function of a protein can represent a profound challenge. Although this task is the mandate of countless research groups, a general... |
| SourceID | unpaywall proquest pubmed crossref wiley |
| SourceType | Open Access Repository Aggregation Database Index Database Enrichment Source Publisher |
| StartPage | 1907 |
| SubjectTerms | Cell adhesion Cell adhesion molecules distribution epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition function Heredity inheritance interaction Mesenchyme Neural cell adhesion molecule phenotype Phenotypes polysialylation Prion protein Proteins |
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| Title | The IDIP framework for assessing protein function and its application to the prion protein |
| URI | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111%2Fbrv.12731 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33960099 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2569914329 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2524363567 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/brv.12731 |
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