Local memory CD4 T cell niches in respiratory viral infection

Respiratory viral infections present a major threat to global health and prosperity. Over the past century, several have developed into crippling pandemics, including the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Although the generation of neutralizing serum antibodies in response to natural immunity and vaccination are co...

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Published inThe Journal of experimental medicine Vol. 218; no. 8
Main Authors Pruner, Kurt B., Pepper, Marion
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Rockefeller University Press 02.08.2021
SeriesImmune Memory Focus
Subjects
Animals
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology
Humans
Immune Memory Focus
Immunologic Memory
Infectious disease and host defense
Mucosal immunology
Respiratory Tract Infections - immunology
Respiratory Tract Infections - virology
Review
SARS-CoV-2 - physiology
Species Specificity
Vaccination
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN0022-1007
1540-9538
1540-9538
DOI10.1084/jem.20201733

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Abstract Respiratory viral infections present a major threat to global health and prosperity. Over the past century, several have developed into crippling pandemics, including the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Although the generation of neutralizing serum antibodies in response to natural immunity and vaccination are considered to be hallmarks of viral immune protection, antibodies from long-lived plasma cells are subject to immune escape from heterologous clades of zoonotic, recombined, or mutated viruses. Local immunity in the lung can be generated through resident memory immune subsets that rapidly respond to secondary infection and protect from heterologous infection. Although many immune cells are required to achieve the phenomenon of resident memory, herein we highlight the pleiotropic functions of CD4 tissue resident memory T cells in the lung and discuss the implications of resident memory for vaccine design.
AbstractList Pruner and Pepper provide a timely literature review detailing the critical, heterogenous functions of lung resident CD4 memory T cells during respiratory viral infection. Implications for vaccine design and protection from heterologous influenza and SARS-CoV-2 reinfection are discussed. Respiratory viral infections present a major threat to global health and prosperity. Over the past century, several have developed into crippling pandemics, including the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Although the generation of neutralizing serum antibodies in response to natural immunity and vaccination are considered to be hallmarks of viral immune protection, antibodies from long-lived plasma cells are subject to immune escape from heterologous clades of zoonotic, recombined, or mutated viruses. Local immunity in the lung can be generated through resident memory immune subsets that rapidly respond to secondary infection and protect from heterologous infection. Although many immune cells are required to achieve the phenomenon of resident memory, herein we highlight the pleiotropic functions of CD4 tissue resident memory T cells in the lung and discuss the implications of resident memory for vaccine design.
Respiratory viral infections present a major threat to global health and prosperity. Over the past century, several have developed into crippling pandemics, including the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Although the generation of neutralizing serum antibodies in response to natural immunity and vaccination are considered to be hallmarks of viral immune protection, antibodies from long-lived plasma cells are subject to immune escape from heterologous clades of zoonotic, recombined, or mutated viruses. Local immunity in the lung can be generated through resident memory immune subsets that rapidly respond to secondary infection and protect from heterologous infection. Although many immune cells are required to achieve the phenomenon of resident memory, herein we highlight the pleiotropic functions of CD4 tissue resident memory T cells in the lung and discuss the implications of resident memory for vaccine design.Respiratory viral infections present a major threat to global health and prosperity. Over the past century, several have developed into crippling pandemics, including the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Although the generation of neutralizing serum antibodies in response to natural immunity and vaccination are considered to be hallmarks of viral immune protection, antibodies from long-lived plasma cells are subject to immune escape from heterologous clades of zoonotic, recombined, or mutated viruses. Local immunity in the lung can be generated through resident memory immune subsets that rapidly respond to secondary infection and protect from heterologous infection. Although many immune cells are required to achieve the phenomenon of resident memory, herein we highlight the pleiotropic functions of CD4 tissue resident memory T cells in the lung and discuss the implications of resident memory for vaccine design.
Respiratory viral infections present a major threat to global health and prosperity. Over the past century, several have developed into crippling pandemics, including the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Although the generation of neutralizing serum antibodies in response to natural immunity and vaccination are considered to be hallmarks of viral immune protection, antibodies from long-lived plasma cells are subject to immune escape from heterologous clades of zoonotic, recombined, or mutated viruses. Local immunity in the lung can be generated through resident memory immune subsets that rapidly respond to secondary infection and protect from heterologous infection. Although many immune cells are required to achieve the phenomenon of resident memory, herein we highlight the pleiotropic functions of CD4 tissue resident memory T cells in the lung and discuss the implications of resident memory for vaccine design.
Author Pruner, Kurt B.
Pepper, Marion
AuthorAffiliation Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
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Disclosures: M. Pepper is on the Scientific Advisory Board of Neoleukin Inc. No other disclosures were reported.
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Snippet Respiratory viral infections present a major threat to global health and prosperity. Over the past century, several have developed into crippling pandemics,...
Pruner and Pepper provide a timely literature review detailing the critical, heterogenous functions of lung resident CD4 memory T cells during respiratory...
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SubjectTerms Animals
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology
Humans
Immune Memory Focus
Immunologic Memory
Infectious disease and host defense
Mucosal immunology
Respiratory Tract Infections - immunology
Respiratory Tract Infections - virology
Review
SARS-CoV-2 - physiology
Species Specificity
Vaccination
Title Local memory CD4 T cell niches in respiratory viral infection
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34160551
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2544457738
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC8225681
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8225681
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