Effect of ternary blends of bio-ethanol, diesel and castor oil on performance, emission and combustion in a CI engine
Some properties of castor oil such as extremely high viscosity and high water content complicate the use of neat castor oil (NCO) as a fuel for compression ignition engines. The brake thermal efficiency, emission and combustion characteristics of a diesel engine operation compared with neat castor o...
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| Published in | Renewable energy Vol. 122; pp. 301 - 309 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Elsevier Ltd
01.07.2018
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0960-1481 1879-0682 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.renene.2018.01.070 |
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| Abstract | Some properties of castor oil such as extremely high viscosity and high water content complicate the use of neat castor oil (NCO) as a fuel for compression ignition engines. The brake thermal efficiency, emission and combustion characteristics of a diesel engine operation compared with neat castor oil is far inferior. However, neat castor oil has an affinity for alcohol because of high Ricinoleic Acid about 89.5% and hence mixes in any proportion without any phase separation and also diesel easily blends with neat castor oil. The blending of bio-ethanol and diesel enhances the combustion of NCO. The present study aims to obtain an optimum ternary fuel blend with neat castor oil-diesel- bio-ethanol, which can be used in small diesel engines. Experimental investigation reveals that the ternary blend of neat castor oil-diesel-bio-ethanol fuel with the volume ratio of NCO40 + D30 + E30 is optimum. At full load, the thermal efficiency of the engine operating with NCO40 + D30 + E30 is 31.25%, which is closer to diesel operation of 32.94% and specific NO emission for NCO40 + D30 + E30 is 6.11 g/kWh, whereas it is 8.17 g/kWh for diesel. NCO40 + D30 + E30 has a smoke emission of 68% opacity, but the smoke level of the base diesel engine is 57% opacity.
•This paper falls under the main area of alternate fuels for transportation engines.•Preparation of homogeneous ternary blends of neat castor oil, bio-ethanol and diesel.•Analyze the effect of Ricinoleic Acid on Ternary blends.•Given a detailed discussion of ternary blends as fuel in IC engines through performance, emission and combustion analysis. |
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| AbstractList | Some properties of castor oil such as extremely high viscosity and high water content complicate the use of neat castor oil (NCO) as a fuel for compression ignition engines. The brake thermal efficiency, emission and combustion characteristics of a diesel engine operation compared with neat castor oil is far inferior. However, neat castor oil has an affinity for alcohol because of high Ricinoleic Acid about 89.5% and hence mixes in any proportion without any phase separation and also diesel easily blends with neat castor oil. The blending of bio-ethanol and diesel enhances the combustion of NCO. The present study aims to obtain an optimum ternary fuel blend with neat castor oil-diesel- bio-ethanol, which can be used in small diesel engines. Experimental investigation reveals that the ternary blend of neat castor oil-diesel-bio-ethanol fuel with the volume ratio of NCO40 + D30 + E30 is optimum. At full load, the thermal efficiency of the engine operating with NCO40 + D30 + E30 is 31.25%, which is closer to diesel operation of 32.94% and specific NO emission for NCO40 + D30 + E30 is 6.11 g/kWh, whereas it is 8.17 g/kWh for diesel. NCO40 + D30 + E30 has a smoke emission of 68% opacity, but the smoke level of the base diesel engine is 57% opacity.
•This paper falls under the main area of alternate fuels for transportation engines.•Preparation of homogeneous ternary blends of neat castor oil, bio-ethanol and diesel.•Analyze the effect of Ricinoleic Acid on Ternary blends.•Given a detailed discussion of ternary blends as fuel in IC engines through performance, emission and combustion analysis. Some properties of castor oil such as extremely high viscosity and high water content complicate the use of neat castor oil (NCO) as a fuel for compression ignition engines. The brake thermal efficiency, emission and combustion characteristics of a diesel engine operation compared with neat castor oil is far inferior. However, neat castor oil has an affinity for alcohol because of high Ricinoleic Acid about 89.5% and hence mixes in any proportion without any phase separation and also diesel easily blends with neat castor oil. The blending of bio-ethanol and diesel enhances the combustion of NCO. The present study aims to obtain an optimum ternary fuel blend with neat castor oil-diesel- bio-ethanol, which can be used in small diesel engines. Experimental investigation reveals that the ternary blend of neat castor oil-diesel-bio-ethanol fuel with the volume ratio of NCO40 + D30 + E30 is optimum. At full load, the thermal efficiency of the engine operating with NCO40 + D30 + E30 is 31.25%, which is closer to diesel operation of 32.94% and specific NO emission for NCO40 + D30 + E30 is 6.11 g/kWh, whereas it is 8.17 g/kWh for diesel. NCO40 + D30 + E30 has a smoke emission of 68% opacity, but the smoke level of the base diesel engine is 57% opacity. |
| Author | Martin, Leenus Jesu Nagalingam, B. Geo, V. Edwin Prakash, T. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: T. surname: Prakash fullname: Prakash, T. – sequence: 2 givenname: V. Edwin orcidid: 0000-0002-7303-3984 surname: Geo fullname: Geo, V. Edwin email: vedwingeo@gmail.com – sequence: 3 givenname: Leenus Jesu surname: Martin fullname: Martin, Leenus Jesu – sequence: 4 givenname: B. surname: Nagalingam fullname: Nagalingam, B. |
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| Keywords | Ternary blends Neat castor oil-diesel-bio-ethanol blends Emission and performance Combustion Ricinoleic acid Neat castor oil |
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| Snippet | Some properties of castor oil such as extremely high viscosity and high water content complicate the use of neat castor oil (NCO) as a fuel for compression... |
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| SubjectTerms | alcohols bioethanol castor oil Combustion diesel engines Emission and performance mixing Neat castor oil Neat castor oil-diesel-bio-ethanol blends nitric oxide opacity Ricinoleic acid separation smoke Ternary blends viscosity water content |
| Title | Effect of ternary blends of bio-ethanol, diesel and castor oil on performance, emission and combustion in a CI engine |
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