Seismic performance of RC frames with concentric internal steel bracing
Steel bracing has proven to be one of the most effective systems in resisting lateral loads. Although its use to upgrade the lateral load capacity of existing Reinforced Concrete (RC) frames has been the subject of numerous studies, guidelines for its use in newly constructed RC frames still need to...
Saved in:
| Published in | Engineering structures Vol. 29; no. 7; pp. 1561 - 1568 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Amsterdam
Elsevier Ltd
01.07.2007
Elsevier |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0141-0296 1873-7323 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027 |
Cover
| Abstract | Steel bracing has proven to be one of the most effective systems in resisting lateral loads. Although its use to upgrade the lateral load capacity of existing Reinforced Concrete (RC) frames has been the subject of numerous studies, guidelines for its use in newly constructed RC frames still need to be developed. In this paper, the efficiency of using braced RC frames is experimentally evaluated. Two cyclic loading tests were conducted on a moment frame and a braced frame. The moment frame was designed and detailed according to current seismic codes. A rational design methodology was adopted to design the braced frame including the connections between the brace members and the concrete frame. Test results showed that the braced frame resisted higher lateral loads than the moment frame and provided adequate ductility. The adopted methodology for designing the braced frame resulted in an acceptable seismic performance and thus represents the first step in the development of design guidelines for this type of frames. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Steel bracing has proven to be one of the most effective systems in resisting lateral loads. Although its use to upgrade the lateral load capacity of existing Reinforced Concrete (RC) frames has been the subject of numerous studies, guidelines for its use in newly constructed RC frames still need to be developed. In this paper, the efficiency of using braced RC frames is experimentally evaluated. Two cyclic loading tests were conducted on a moment frame and a braced frame. The moment frame was designed and detailed according to current seismic codes. A rational design methodology was adopted to design the braced frame including the connections between the brace members and the concrete frame. Test results showed that the braced frame resisted higher lateral loads than the moment frame and provided adequate ductility. The adopted methodology for designing the braced frame resulted in an acceptable seismic performance and thus represents the first step in the development of design guidelines for this type of frames. |
| Author | Youssef, M.A. Nehdi, M. Ghaffarzadeh, H. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: M.A. surname: Youssef fullname: Youssef, M.A. email: myoussef@eng.uwo.ca organization: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada – sequence: 2 givenname: H. surname: Ghaffarzadeh fullname: Ghaffarzadeh, H. organization: Department of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71345-1676, Iran – sequence: 3 givenname: M. surname: Nehdi fullname: Nehdi, M. organization: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada |
| BackLink | http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=18831462$$DView record in Pascal Francis |
| BookMark | eNqFkMFO3DAQhq0KJBbKM5AL3JKOnaztHDigFaWVkCq1cLacyYR6ldiL7aXq29doEYdeOI00-v5_NN8pO_LBE2MXHBoOXH7ZNuSfUo57zI0AkA3oBoT6xFZcq7ZWrWiP2Ap4x2sQvTxhpyltAUBoDSt294tcWhxWO4pTiIv1SFWYqp-baop2oVT9cfl3haHsfY4FdD5T9HauUiaaqyFadP7pMzue7Jzo_G2escevtw-bb_X9j7vvm5v7Glslcy0BR0k02o4GNSkYrVK86watepAcpB1GXCuNhZCiV0M_rVGMvaR2GLueY3vGrg69uxie95SyWVxCmmfrKeyTaQH4WvR9AS_fQJvQzuUZjy6ZXXSLjX8N17rlnRSFuz5wGENKkSaDLtvsQvnWutlwMK-azda8azavmg1oUzSXvPov_37iw-TNIUnF14ujaBI6Kp5HF6mwY3AfdvwD0RSgdA |
| CODEN | ENSTDF |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1016_j_engstruct_2018_11_010 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_strusafe_2010_09_001 crossref_primary_10_1007_s41062_022_00934_5 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_hbrcj_2014_11_007 crossref_primary_10_1680_jstbu_16_00133 crossref_primary_10_1061__ASCE_ST_1943_541X_0002167 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40069_013_0043_2 crossref_primary_10_1680_stbu_11_00076 crossref_primary_10_1680_stbu_12_00002 crossref_primary_10_1080_13632469_2020_1724216 crossref_primary_10_1002_tal_1368 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_engfailanal_2018_02_001 crossref_primary_10_1002_eqe_4247 crossref_primary_10_1155_2014_403916 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11803_019_0539_0 crossref_primary_10_1260_1369_4332_14_6_1205 crossref_primary_10_11112_jksmi_2014_18_3_001 crossref_primary_10_12989_was_2014_18_5_497 crossref_primary_10_1007_s41024_019_0050_z crossref_primary_10_1016_j_istruc_2017_06_003 crossref_primary_10_1002_tal_1771 crossref_primary_10_4028_www_scientific_net_AMR_658_34 crossref_primary_10_1007_s41062_023_01063_3 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_asej_2024_103208 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_istruc_2018_02_005 crossref_primary_10_1061__ASCE_CF_1943_5509_0001413 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_engstruct_2007_12_016 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12205_020_2226_0 crossref_primary_10_1080_13632469_2011_653297 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40091_018_0207_z crossref_primary_10_12989_eas_2015_8_6_1499 crossref_primary_10_1002_eqe_2846 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_istruc_2022_03_020 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_proeng_2017_01_433 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_proeng_2013_03_040 crossref_primary_10_4334_JKCI_2012_24_3_323 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_engstruct_2018_09_012 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_istruc_2023_01_015 crossref_primary_10_1061__ASCE_ST_1943_541X_0002263 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0238505 crossref_primary_10_1002_cepa_1813 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_engstruct_2012_05_005 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_istruc_2023_07_033 crossref_primary_10_1142_S1793431114500122 crossref_primary_10_1002_tal_1069 crossref_primary_10_21595_jve_2016_16919 crossref_primary_10_1002_eqe_2458 crossref_primary_10_1002_eqe_2853 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_istruc_2023_05_087 crossref_primary_10_2478_ceer_2022_0009 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_acme_2013_01_004 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_engstruct_2009_12_020 crossref_primary_10_1007_s42107_018_0092_6 crossref_primary_10_4334_JKCI_2013_25_6_667 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_istruc_2019_12_021 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_engstruct_2020_110573 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40069_014_0089_9 crossref_primary_10_1260_1369_4332_17_2_157 crossref_primary_10_1002_eqe_4234 crossref_primary_10_1007_s42107_021_00382_z crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jobe_2021_103404 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1016/S0141-0296(97)00041-2 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1990)116:1(55) 10.1193/1.1585904 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1991)117:4(1115) 10.1016/S0141-0296(03)00162-7 10.1016/S0141-0296(03)00150-0 10.1016/0141-0296(95)00071-E 10.1193/1.1585636 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | 2006 Elsevier Ltd 2007 INIST-CNRS |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: 2006 Elsevier Ltd – notice: 2007 INIST-CNRS |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION IQODW 7SM 7SR 8BQ 8FD FR3 JG9 KR7 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef Pascal-Francis Earthquake Engineering Abstracts Engineered Materials Abstracts METADEX Technology Research Database Engineering Research Database Materials Research Database Civil Engineering Abstracts |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef Earthquake Engineering Abstracts Materials Research Database Civil Engineering Abstracts Engineered Materials Abstracts Technology Research Database Engineering Research Database METADEX |
| DatabaseTitleList | Earthquake Engineering Abstracts |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Engineering Applied Sciences |
| EISSN | 1873-7323 |
| EndPage | 1568 |
| ExternalDocumentID | 18831462 10_1016_j_engstruct_2006_08_027 S0141029606003841 |
| GroupedDBID | --K --M -~X .~1 0R~ 1B1 1~. 1~5 29G 4.4 457 4G. 5GY 5VS 7-5 71M 8P~ 9JN AABNK AACTN AAEDT AAEDW AAIAV AAIKJ AAKOC AALRI AAOAW AAQFI AAQXK AAXUO ABEFU ABFNM ABJNI ABMAC ABQEM ABQYD ABTAH ABXDB ABYKQ ACDAQ ACGFS ACIWK ACLVX ACNNM ACRLP ACSBN ADBBV ADEZE ADMUD ADTZH AEBSH AECPX AEKER AENEX AFKWA AFRAH AFTJW AGHFR AGUBO AGYEJ AHHHB AHJVU AI. AIEXJ AIKHN AITUG AJBFU AJOXV ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AMFUW AMRAJ ASPBG ATOGT AVWKF AXJTR AZFZN BJAXD BKOJK BLXMC CS3 DU5 EBS EFJIC EFLBG EJD EO8 EO9 EP2 EP3 FDB FEDTE FGOYB FIRID FNPLU FYGXN G-2 G-Q GBLVA HVGLF HZ~ IHE IMUCA J1W JJJVA KOM LY7 M41 MO0 N9A O-L O9- OAUVE OZT P-8 P-9 P2P PC. Q38 R2- RIG RNS ROL RPZ SCC SDF SDG SDP SES SET SEW SPC SPCBC SSE SST SSZ T5K TN5 UAO VH1 WUQ XPP ZMT ZY4 ~02 ~G- AATTM AAXKI AAYWO AAYXX ABWVN ACLOT ACRPL ACVFH ADCNI ADNMO AEIPS AEUPX AFJKZ AFPUW AGQPQ AIGII AIIUN AKBMS AKRWK AKYEP ANKPU APXCP CITATION EFKBS ~HD AFXIZ AGCQF AGRNS BNPGV IQODW SSH 7SM 7SR 8BQ 8FD FR3 JG9 KR7 |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c376t-60cd6eeda4eb7f70da77144b87906106abdc578ceda6297b9f5c2d96e3bd491c3 |
| IEDL.DBID | AIKHN |
| ISSN | 0141-0296 |
| IngestDate | Sun Sep 28 08:04:12 EDT 2025 Mon Jul 21 09:16:03 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 24 22:50:52 EDT 2025 Wed Oct 01 02:03:01 EDT 2025 Fri Feb 23 02:28:05 EST 2024 |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 7 |
| Keywords | Design Braced frames Moment frames Cyclic load Scaling Reinforced concrete Testing Performance evaluation Brace Experimental device Steel Frame structure Seismic analysis Failure analysis Concrete construction Reinforcement Beam column structure Stiffness |
| Language | English |
| License | https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0 CC BY 4.0 |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c376t-60cd6eeda4eb7f70da77144b87906106abdc578ceda6297b9f5c2d96e3bd491c3 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 |
| PQID | 30015299 |
| PQPubID | 23500 |
| PageCount | 8 |
| ParticipantIDs | proquest_miscellaneous_30015299 pascalfrancis_primary_18831462 crossref_citationtrail_10_1016_j_engstruct_2006_08_027 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_engstruct_2006_08_027 elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_engstruct_2006_08_027 |
| ProviderPackageCode | CITATION AAYXX |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2007-07-01 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2007-07-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 07 year: 2007 text: 2007-07-01 day: 01 |
| PublicationDecade | 2000 |
| PublicationPlace | Amsterdam |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: Amsterdam |
| PublicationTitle | Engineering structures |
| PublicationYear | 2007 |
| Publisher | Elsevier Ltd Elsevier |
| Publisher_xml | – name: Elsevier Ltd – name: Elsevier |
| References | Canales MD, Broseno de la Vega R. Retrofitting techniques used in telephone buildings in Mexico. In: Proceeding of the tenth world conference on earthquake engineering. 1992. p. 5143–47 Richard (b18) 1986 Tasnimi A, Masoomi A. Evaluation of response of reinforced concrete frames strengthened with steel bracing. In: Proceedings of the third international conference on seismology and earthquake engineering. 1990 [in Farsi] Bush, Jones, Jirsa (b3) 1991; 117 Higashi, Endo, Shimizu (b5) 1981 Kawamata S, Masaki Q. Strengthening effect of eccentric steel braces to existing RC frames. In: Proceedings of the seventh world conference on earthquake engineering. 1980. p. 513–20 Badoux, Jirsa (b4) 1990; 116 ACI Committee 318. Building code requirements for reinforced concrete (ACI 318-02). Detroit (MI): American Concrete Institute; 2002 AISC (b1) 2001 Rodriguez, Park (b6) 1991; 7 Nateghi-Alahi (b10) 1995; 17 Ohishi H, Takahashi M, Yamazaki Y. A seismic strengthening design and practice of an existing reinforced concrete school building in Shizuoka city. In: Proceedings of the ninth world conference on earthquake engineering. vol. VII. 1988. p. 415–20 Maheri, Hadjipour (b15) 2003; 25 Masri, Goel (b7) 1996; 12 Maheri, Sahebi (b9) 1997; 19 AISC (b2) 2002 Maheri, Kousari, Razazan (b14) 2003; 25 ICC. International building code. Falls Church (VA): International Code Council; 2003 Maheri (10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b9) 1997; 19 10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b8 Nateghi-Alahi (10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b10) 1995; 17 Bush (10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b3) 1991; 117 Maheri (10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b15) 2003; 25 10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b17 Richard (10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b18) 1986 Higashi (10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b5) 1981 10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b16 Badoux (10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b4) 1990; 116 10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b11 Maheri (10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b14) 2003; 25 AISC (10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b1) 2001 Rodriguez (10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b6) 1991; 7 10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b13 Masri (10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b7) 1996; 12 10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b12 AISC (10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b2) 2002 |
| References_xml | – volume: 25 start-page: 1697 year: 2003 end-page: 1705 ident: b14 article-title: Pushover tests on steel X-braced and knee-braced RC frames publication-title: Eng Struct – volume: 25 start-page: 1707 year: 2003 end-page: 1714 ident: b15 article-title: Experimental investigation and design of steel brace connection to RC frame publication-title: Eng Struct – year: 2002 ident: b2 article-title: Seismic provisions for structural steel buildings – year: 2001 ident: b1 article-title: Manual of steel construction: Load and resistance factor design – volume: 12 start-page: 645 year: 1996 end-page: 666 ident: b7 article-title: Seismic design and testing of an RC slab–column frame strengthened by steel bracing publication-title: Earthq Spectra – reference: ACI Committee 318. Building code requirements for reinforced concrete (ACI 318-02). Detroit (MI): American Concrete Institute; 2002 – volume: 117 start-page: 1115 year: 1991 end-page: 1126 ident: b3 article-title: Behavior of RC frame strengthened using structural-steel bracing publication-title: J Struct Eng-ASCE – reference: Kawamata S, Masaki Q. Strengthening effect of eccentric steel braces to existing RC frames. In: Proceedings of the seventh world conference on earthquake engineering. 1980. p. 513–20 – volume: 116 start-page: 55 year: 1990 end-page: 74 ident: b4 article-title: Steel bracing of RC frames for seismic retrofitting publication-title: J Struct Eng-ASCE – reference: Canales MD, Broseno de la Vega R. Retrofitting techniques used in telephone buildings in Mexico. In: Proceeding of the tenth world conference on earthquake engineering. 1992. p. 5143–47 – reference: Ohishi H, Takahashi M, Yamazaki Y. A seismic strengthening design and practice of an existing reinforced concrete school building in Shizuoka city. In: Proceedings of the ninth world conference on earthquake engineering. vol. VII. 1988. p. 415–20 – volume: 19 start-page: 1018 year: 1997 end-page: 1024 ident: b9 article-title: Use of steel bracing in reinforced concrete frames publication-title: Eng Struct – start-page: 31.1 year: 1986 end-page: 31.24 ident: b18 article-title: Analysis of large bracing connection designs for heavy construction publication-title: Proc. national steel construction conference – start-page: 126 year: 1981 end-page: 155 ident: b5 article-title: Experimental studies on retrofitting of reinforced concrete structural members publication-title: Proceedings of the second seminar on repair and retrofit of structures – volume: 17 start-page: 455 year: 1995 end-page: 461 ident: b10 article-title: Seismic strengthening of eight-storey RC apartment building using steel braces publication-title: Eng Struct – volume: 7 start-page: 439 year: 1991 end-page: 459 ident: b6 article-title: Repair and strengthening of reinforced concrete buildings for seismic resistance publication-title: Earthq Spectra – reference: Tasnimi A, Masoomi A. Evaluation of response of reinforced concrete frames strengthened with steel bracing. In: Proceedings of the third international conference on seismology and earthquake engineering. 1990 [in Farsi] – reference: ICC. International building code. Falls Church (VA): International Code Council; 2003 – ident: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b13 – ident: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b12 – start-page: 126 year: 1981 ident: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b5 article-title: Experimental studies on retrofitting of reinforced concrete structural members – ident: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b11 – start-page: 31.1 year: 1986 ident: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b18 article-title: Analysis of large bracing connection designs for heavy construction – year: 2001 ident: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b1 – volume: 19 start-page: 1018 issue: 12 year: 1997 ident: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b9 article-title: Use of steel bracing in reinforced concrete frames publication-title: Eng Struct doi: 10.1016/S0141-0296(97)00041-2 – volume: 116 start-page: 55 issue: 1 year: 1990 ident: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b4 article-title: Steel bracing of RC frames for seismic retrofitting publication-title: J Struct Eng-ASCE doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1990)116:1(55) – volume: 12 start-page: 645 issue: 4 year: 1996 ident: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b7 article-title: Seismic design and testing of an RC slab–column frame strengthened by steel bracing publication-title: Earthq Spectra doi: 10.1193/1.1585904 – volume: 117 start-page: 1115 issue: 4 year: 1991 ident: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b3 article-title: Behavior of RC frame strengthened using structural-steel bracing publication-title: J Struct Eng-ASCE doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1991)117:4(1115) – ident: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b8 – volume: 25 start-page: 1707 issue: 13 year: 2003 ident: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b15 article-title: Experimental investigation and design of steel brace connection to RC frame publication-title: Eng Struct doi: 10.1016/S0141-0296(03)00162-7 – year: 2002 ident: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b2 – volume: 25 start-page: 1697 issue: 13 year: 2003 ident: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b14 article-title: Pushover tests on steel X-braced and knee-braced RC frames publication-title: Eng Struct doi: 10.1016/S0141-0296(03)00150-0 – ident: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b17 – volume: 17 start-page: 455 issue: 6 year: 1995 ident: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b10 article-title: Seismic strengthening of eight-storey RC apartment building using steel braces publication-title: Eng Struct doi: 10.1016/0141-0296(95)00071-E – ident: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b16 – volume: 7 start-page: 439 issue: 3 year: 1991 ident: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027_b6 article-title: Repair and strengthening of reinforced concrete buildings for seismic resistance publication-title: Earthq Spectra doi: 10.1193/1.1585636 |
| SSID | ssj0002880 |
| Score | 2.0980597 |
| Snippet | Steel bracing has proven to be one of the most effective systems in resisting lateral loads. Although its use to upgrade the lateral load capacity of existing... |
| SourceID | proquest pascalfrancis crossref elsevier |
| SourceType | Aggregation Database Index Database Enrichment Source Publisher |
| StartPage | 1561 |
| SubjectTerms | Applied sciences Braced frames Building structure Buildings. Public works Construction (buildings and works) Cyclic load Design Durability. Pathology. Repairing. Maintenance Exact sciences and technology Geotechnics Moment frames Reinforced concrete Reinforced concrete structure Repair (reinforcement, strenthening) Scaling Structure-soil interaction Testing |
| Title | Seismic performance of RC frames with concentric internal steel bracing |
| URI | https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027 https://www.proquest.com/docview/30015299 |
| Volume | 29 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| journalDatabaseRights | – providerCode: PRVESC databaseName: Elsevier ScienceDirect customDbUrl: eissn: 1873-7323 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0002880 issn: 0141-0296 databaseCode: .~1 dateStart: 19950101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.sciencedirect.com providerName: Elsevier – providerCode: PRVESC databaseName: Elsevier SD Complete Freedom Collection [SCCMFC] customDbUrl: eissn: 1873-7323 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0002880 issn: 0141-0296 databaseCode: ACRLP dateStart: 19950101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.sciencedirect.com providerName: Elsevier – providerCode: PRVESC databaseName: Elsevier SD Freedom Collection Journals [SCFCJ] customDbUrl: eissn: 1873-7323 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0002880 issn: 0141-0296 databaseCode: AIKHN dateStart: 19950101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.sciencedirect.com providerName: Elsevier – providerCode: PRVLSH databaseName: Elsevier Journals customDbUrl: mediaType: online eissn: 1873-7323 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0002880 issn: 0141-0296 databaseCode: AKRWK dateStart: 19781001 isFulltext: true providerName: Library Specific Holdings |
| link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1LT8MwDLZgXEAI8RTjMXLgWtalXdJyQxMwQHDgIXGr8kRFo5u0ceW3Y6_tYAKJA9cqbis78ecktj-A49gi8GjcpjphVBAbr3FJSRuEKvRWcqFiTbXDt3ei_xRfP3efF6BX18JQWmXl-0ufPvXW1ZN2pc32KM_bD9MURU4ROF1vUfH6EuJPkjRg6ezqpn83c8g8mRKo0fiABObSvFzxUnZqrS4mkpOQGGZ-B6nVkRqj6nzJefHDfU8x6WId1qpgkp2V_7sBC67YhJVvLQa34PLB5eO33LDRV4UAG3p232Oe8rLGjE5imaHqxYK69bO8PCMcMLS_GzDcTRt80zY8XZw_9vpBRZ4QGPQZk0CExgoEQBU7Lb0MrZISN086kSlCeCiUtgZXK6pZCZ5Knfqu4TYVLtI2Tjsm2oFGMSzcLjAptfVKpLzreKyiVDvnlDRpYkwUia5vgqi1lZmqszgRXAyyOoXsNZupmXgvRUbUl1w2IZwJjsrmGn-LnNbmyObmSYYQ8Ldwa86AXx9NkgghgzfhqLZohsuM7k5U4Ybv4yyi4BKhe-8_39-H5fpoOOwcQAMHuEOMaSa6BYsnH51WNXM_AThM-j0 |
| linkProvider | Elsevier |
| linkToHtml | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1LT8MwDI4QHAAhxFOMx8iBa1lJ26TlhiZgPA88JG5RnqhodJM2rvx27D42JpA4cK2StrITf3Zi-yPkKLYAPBrCVMeNCmLjNWwpYYNQhd4KxlWssXb47p73nuPrl-RljnSbWhhMq6xtf2XTS2tdP-nU0uwM87zzWKYoMvTA8XoLi9cX4oQJjMCOP6d5Hiwt6dNwdIDDZ5K8XPFa9WmtryXS4xD5ZX6HqJWhGoHgfMV48cN4l4h0sUZWa1eSnlV_u07mXLFBlr81GNwkl48uH73nhg6n9QF04OlDl3rMyhpRPIelBmsXC-zVT_PqhLBPQfuuTyGWNvCmLfJ8cf7U7QU1dUJgwGKMAx4aywH-VOy08CK0SggInXQqMgDwkCttDexVELLiLBM684lhNuMu0jbOTky0TeaLQeF2CBVCW694xhLHYhVl2jmnhMlSY6KIJ75FeCMtaeq-4khv0ZdNAtmbnIgZWS-5ROJLJloknEwcVq01_p5y2qhDzqwSCQDw9-T2jAKnH03TCACDtchho1EJmwxvTlThBh8jGaFrCcC9-5_vH5LF3tPdrby9ur_ZI0vNIXF4sk_mYbA7AO9mrNvl6v0CVOj7BQ |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Seismic+performance+of+RC+frames+with+concentric+internal+steel+bracing&rft.jtitle=Engineering+structures&rft.au=Youssef%2C+M.A.&rft.au=Ghaffarzadeh%2C+H.&rft.au=Nehdi%2C+M.&rft.date=2007-07-01&rft.pub=Elsevier+Ltd&rft.issn=0141-0296&rft.eissn=1873-7323&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1561&rft.epage=1568&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.engstruct.2006.08.027&rft.externalDocID=S0141029606003841 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0141-0296&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0141-0296&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0141-0296&client=summon |