Bioavailability of catechins from guaraná () and its effect on antioxidant enzymes and other oxidative stress markers in healthy human subjects
We assessed the effects of guaraná ( Paullinia cupana ) consumption on plasma catechins, erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activity (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase) and biomarkers of oxidative stress ( ex vivo LDL oxidation, plasma total antioxidant status and ORAC, and lymph...
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| Published in | Food & function Vol. 7; no. 7; pp. 297 - 2978 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
England
13.07.2016
|
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 2042-6496 2042-650X 2042-650X |
| DOI | 10.1039/c6fo00513f |
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| Abstract | We assessed the effects of guaraná (
Paullinia cupana
) consumption on plasma catechins, erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activity (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase) and biomarkers of oxidative stress (
ex vivo
LDL oxidation, plasma total antioxidant status and ORAC, and lymphocyte single cell gel electrophoresis) in healthy overweight subjects. Twelve participants completed a 15-day run-in period followed by a 15-day intervention with a daily intake of 3 g guaraná seed powder containing 90 mg (+)-catechin and 60 mg (−)-epicatechin. Blood samples were taken on the first and last day of the intervention period, fasting and 1 h post-dose. The administration of guaraná increased plasma ORAC, while reducing
ex vivo
LDL oxidation (only in the first study day) and hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA damage in lymphocytes, at 1 h post-dose. Plasma catechin (0.38 ± 0.12 and 0.44 ± 0.18 nmol mL
−1
), epicatechin (0.59 ± 0.18 and 0.64 ± 0.25 nmol mL
−1
) and their methylated metabolites were observed at 1 h post-dose but were almost negligible after overnight fasting. The activities of catalase (in both study days) and glutathione peroxidase (in the last intervention day) increased at 1 h post-dose. Furthermore, the activity of both enzymes remained higher than the basal levels in overnight-fasting individuals on the last intervention day, suggesting a prolonged effect of guaraná that continues even after plasma catechin clearance. In conclusion, guaraná catechins are bioavailable and contribute to reduce the oxidative stress of clinically healthy individuals, by direct antioxidant action of the absorbed phytochemicals and up-regulation of antioxidant/detoxifying enzymes.
Guaraná catechins are bioavailable and reduce oxidative stress in healthy individuals by direct antioxidant action and increase of antioxidant enzyme activity. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | We assessed the effects of guaraná (Paullinia cupana) consumption on plasma catechins, erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activity (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase) and biomarkers of oxidative stress (ex vivo LDL oxidation, plasma total antioxidant status and ORAC, and lymphocyte single cell gel electrophoresis) in healthy overweight subjects. Twelve participants completed a 15-day run-in period followed by a 15-day intervention with a daily intake of 3 g guaraná seed powder containing 90 mg (+)-catechin and 60 mg (-)-epicatechin. Blood samples were taken on the first and last day of the intervention period, fasting and 1 h post-dose. The administration of guaraná increased plasma ORAC, while reducing ex vivo LDL oxidation (only in the first study day) and hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA damage in lymphocytes, at 1 h post-dose. Plasma catechin (0.38 ± 0.12 and 0.44 ± 0.18 nmol mL(-1)), epicatechin (0.59 ± 0.18 and 0.64 ± 0.25 nmol mL(-1)) and their methylated metabolites were observed at 1 h post-dose but were almost negligible after overnight fasting. The activities of catalase (in both study days) and glutathione peroxidase (in the last intervention day) increased at 1 h post-dose. Furthermore, the activity of both enzymes remained higher than the basal levels in overnight-fasting individuals on the last intervention day, suggesting a prolonged effect of guaraná that continues even after plasma catechin clearance. In conclusion, guaraná catechins are bioavailable and contribute to reduce the oxidative stress of clinically healthy individuals, by direct antioxidant action of the absorbed phytochemicals and up-regulation of antioxidant/detoxifying enzymes. We assessed the effects of guaraná ( Paullinia cupana ) consumption on plasma catechins, erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activity (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase) and biomarkers of oxidative stress ( ex vivo LDL oxidation, plasma total antioxidant status and ORAC, and lymphocyte single cell gel electrophoresis) in healthy overweight subjects. Twelve participants completed a 15-day run-in period followed by a 15-day intervention with a daily intake of 3 g guaraná seed powder containing 90 mg (+)-catechin and 60 mg (−)-epicatechin. Blood samples were taken on the first and last day of the intervention period, fasting and 1 h post-dose. The administration of guaraná increased plasma ORAC, while reducing ex vivo LDL oxidation (only in the first study day) and hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA damage in lymphocytes, at 1 h post-dose. Plasma catechin (0.38 ± 0.12 and 0.44 ± 0.18 nmol mL −1 ), epicatechin (0.59 ± 0.18 and 0.64 ± 0.25 nmol mL −1 ) and their methylated metabolites were observed at 1 h post-dose but were almost negligible after overnight fasting. The activities of catalase (in both study days) and glutathione peroxidase (in the last intervention day) increased at 1 h post-dose. Furthermore, the activity of both enzymes remained higher than the basal levels in overnight-fasting individuals on the last intervention day, suggesting a prolonged effect of guaraná that continues even after plasma catechin clearance. In conclusion, guaraná catechins are bioavailable and contribute to reduce the oxidative stress of clinically healthy individuals, by direct antioxidant action of the absorbed phytochemicals and up-regulation of antioxidant/detoxifying enzymes. We assessed the effects of guarana (Paullinia cupana) consumption on plasma catechins, erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activity (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase) and biomarkers of oxidative stress (ex vivo LDL oxidation, plasma total antioxidant status and ORAC, and lymphocyte single cell gel electrophoresis) in healthy overweight subjects. Twelve participants completed a 15-day run-in period followed by a 15-day intervention with a daily intake of 3 g guarana seed powder containing 90 mg (+)-catechin and 60 mg (-)-epicatechin. Blood samples were taken on the first and last day of the intervention period, fasting and 1 h post-dose. The administration of guarana increased plasma ORAC, while reducing ex vivo LDL oxidation (only in the first study day) and hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA damage in lymphocytes, at 1 h post-dose. Plasma catechin (0.38 plus or minus 0.12 and 0.44 plus or minus 0.18 nmol mL-1), epicatechin (0.59 plus or minus 0.18 and 0.64 plus or minus 0.25 nmol mL-1) and their methylated metabolites were observed at 1 h post-dose but were almost negligible after overnight fasting. The activities of catalase (in both study days) and glutathione peroxidase (in the last intervention day) increased at 1 h post-dose. Furthermore, the activity of both enzymes remained higher than the basal levels in overnight-fasting individuals on the last intervention day, suggesting a prolonged effect of guarana that continues even after plasma catechin clearance. In conclusion, guarana catechins are bioavailable and contribute to reduce the oxidative stress of clinically healthy individuals, by direct antioxidant action of the absorbed phytochemicals and up-regulation of antioxidant/detoxifying enzymes. We assessed the effects of guaraná (Paullinia cupana) consumption on plasma catechins, erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activity (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase) and biomarkers of oxidative stress (ex vivo LDL oxidation, plasma total antioxidant status and ORAC, and lymphocyte single cell gel electrophoresis) in healthy overweight subjects. Twelve participants completed a 15-day run-in period followed by a 15-day intervention with a daily intake of 3 g guaraná seed powder containing 90 mg (+)-catechin and 60 mg (-)-epicatechin. Blood samples were taken on the first and last day of the intervention period, fasting and 1 h post-dose. The administration of guaraná increased plasma ORAC, while reducing ex vivo LDL oxidation (only in the first study day) and hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA damage in lymphocytes, at 1 h post-dose. Plasma catechin (0.38 ± 0.12 and 0.44 ± 0.18 nmol mL(-1)), epicatechin (0.59 ± 0.18 and 0.64 ± 0.25 nmol mL(-1)) and their methylated metabolites were observed at 1 h post-dose but were almost negligible after overnight fasting. The activities of catalase (in both study days) and glutathione peroxidase (in the last intervention day) increased at 1 h post-dose. Furthermore, the activity of both enzymes remained higher than the basal levels in overnight-fasting individuals on the last intervention day, suggesting a prolonged effect of guaraná that continues even after plasma catechin clearance. In conclusion, guaraná catechins are bioavailable and contribute to reduce the oxidative stress of clinically healthy individuals, by direct antioxidant action of the absorbed phytochemicals and up-regulation of antioxidant/detoxifying enzymes.We assessed the effects of guaraná (Paullinia cupana) consumption on plasma catechins, erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activity (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase) and biomarkers of oxidative stress (ex vivo LDL oxidation, plasma total antioxidant status and ORAC, and lymphocyte single cell gel electrophoresis) in healthy overweight subjects. Twelve participants completed a 15-day run-in period followed by a 15-day intervention with a daily intake of 3 g guaraná seed powder containing 90 mg (+)-catechin and 60 mg (-)-epicatechin. Blood samples were taken on the first and last day of the intervention period, fasting and 1 h post-dose. The administration of guaraná increased plasma ORAC, while reducing ex vivo LDL oxidation (only in the first study day) and hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA damage in lymphocytes, at 1 h post-dose. Plasma catechin (0.38 ± 0.12 and 0.44 ± 0.18 nmol mL(-1)), epicatechin (0.59 ± 0.18 and 0.64 ± 0.25 nmol mL(-1)) and their methylated metabolites were observed at 1 h post-dose but were almost negligible after overnight fasting. The activities of catalase (in both study days) and glutathione peroxidase (in the last intervention day) increased at 1 h post-dose. Furthermore, the activity of both enzymes remained higher than the basal levels in overnight-fasting individuals on the last intervention day, suggesting a prolonged effect of guaraná that continues even after plasma catechin clearance. In conclusion, guaraná catechins are bioavailable and contribute to reduce the oxidative stress of clinically healthy individuals, by direct antioxidant action of the absorbed phytochemicals and up-regulation of antioxidant/detoxifying enzymes. We assessed the effects of guaraná ( Paullinia cupana ) consumption on plasma catechins, erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activity (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase) and biomarkers of oxidative stress ( ex vivo LDL oxidation, plasma total antioxidant status and ORAC, and lymphocyte single cell gel electrophoresis) in healthy overweight subjects. Twelve participants completed a 15-day run-in period followed by a 15-day intervention with a daily intake of 3 g guaraná seed powder containing 90 mg (+)-catechin and 60 mg (−)-epicatechin. Blood samples were taken on the first and last day of the intervention period, fasting and 1 h post-dose. The administration of guaraná increased plasma ORAC, while reducing ex vivo LDL oxidation (only in the first study day) and hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA damage in lymphocytes, at 1 h post-dose. Plasma catechin (0.38 ± 0.12 and 0.44 ± 0.18 nmol mL −1 ), epicatechin (0.59 ± 0.18 and 0.64 ± 0.25 nmol mL −1 ) and their methylated metabolites were observed at 1 h post-dose but were almost negligible after overnight fasting. The activities of catalase (in both study days) and glutathione peroxidase (in the last intervention day) increased at 1 h post-dose. Furthermore, the activity of both enzymes remained higher than the basal levels in overnight-fasting individuals on the last intervention day, suggesting a prolonged effect of guaraná that continues even after plasma catechin clearance. In conclusion, guaraná catechins are bioavailable and contribute to reduce the oxidative stress of clinically healthy individuals, by direct antioxidant action of the absorbed phytochemicals and up-regulation of antioxidant/detoxifying enzymes. Guaraná catechins are bioavailable and reduce oxidative stress in healthy individuals by direct antioxidant action and increase of antioxidant enzyme activity. We assessed the effects of guaraná (Paullinia cupana) consumption on plasma catechins, erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activity (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase) and biomarkers of oxidative stress (ex vivo LDL oxidation, plasma total antioxidant status and ORAC, and lymphocyte single cell gel electrophoresis) in healthy overweight subjects. Twelve participants completed a 15-day run-in period followed by a 15-day intervention with a daily intake of 3 g guaraná seed powder containing 90 mg (+)-catechin and 60 mg (−)-epicatechin. Blood samples were taken on the first and last day of the intervention period, fasting and 1 h post-dose. The administration of guaraná increased plasma ORAC, while reducing ex vivo LDL oxidation (only in the first study day) and hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA damage in lymphocytes, at 1 h post-dose. Plasma catechin (0.38 ± 0.12 and 0.44 ± 0.18 nmol mL⁻¹), epicatechin (0.59 ± 0.18 and 0.64 ± 0.25 nmol mL⁻¹) and their methylated metabolites were observed at 1 h post-dose but were almost negligible after overnight fasting. The activities of catalase (in both study days) and glutathione peroxidase (in the last intervention day) increased at 1 h post-dose. Furthermore, the activity of both enzymes remained higher than the basal levels in overnight-fasting individuals on the last intervention day, suggesting a prolonged effect of guaraná that continues even after plasma catechin clearance. In conclusion, guaraná catechins are bioavailable and contribute to reduce the oxidative stress of clinically healthy individuals, by direct antioxidant action of the absorbed phytochemicals and up-regulation of antioxidant/detoxifying enzymes. |
| Author | Sampaio, Geni Rodrigues Monteiro, Marcela Piedade César, Luiz Antônio Machado Yonekura, Lina Arçari, Demetrius Paiva Mori, Clara Satsuki Mioto, Bruno Mahler Ribeiro, Marcelo Lima Torres, Elizabeth Aparecida Ferraz da Silva Mendes, Thaíse Maria Nogueira Martins, Carolina Aguiar |
| AuthorAffiliation | School of Public Health - University of São Paulo Heart Institute (InCor) - University of São Paulo Medical School School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science - University of Sao Paulo Universidade São Francisco |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – sequence: 0 name: Universidade São Francisco – sequence: 0 name: School of Public Health - University of São Paulo – sequence: 0 name: Heart Institute (InCor) - University of São Paulo Medical School – sequence: 0 name: School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science - University of Sao Paulo |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Lina surname: Yonekura fullname: Yonekura, Lina – sequence: 2 givenname: Carolina Aguiar surname: Martins fullname: Martins, Carolina Aguiar – sequence: 3 givenname: Geni Rodrigues surname: Sampaio fullname: Sampaio, Geni Rodrigues – sequence: 4 givenname: Marcela Piedade surname: Monteiro fullname: Monteiro, Marcela Piedade – sequence: 5 givenname: Luiz Antônio Machado surname: César fullname: César, Luiz Antônio Machado – sequence: 6 givenname: Bruno Mahler surname: Mioto fullname: Mioto, Bruno Mahler – sequence: 7 givenname: Clara Satsuki surname: Mori fullname: Mori, Clara Satsuki – sequence: 8 givenname: Thaíse Maria Nogueira surname: Mendes fullname: Mendes, Thaíse Maria Nogueira – sequence: 9 givenname: Marcelo Lima surname: Ribeiro fullname: Ribeiro, Marcelo Lima – sequence: 10 givenname: Demetrius Paiva surname: Arçari fullname: Arçari, Demetrius Paiva – sequence: 11 givenname: Elizabeth Aparecida Ferraz da Silva surname: Torres fullname: Torres, Elizabeth Aparecida Ferraz da Silva |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27302304$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Snippet | We assessed the effects of guaraná (
Paullinia cupana
) consumption on plasma catechins, erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activity (superoxide dismutase,... We assessed the effects of guaraná (Paullinia cupana) consumption on plasma catechins, erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activity (superoxide dismutase, catalase... We assessed the effects of guarana (Paullinia cupana) consumption on plasma catechins, erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activity (superoxide dismutase, catalase... |
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| SubjectTerms | Adult Anthropometry antioxidant activity Antioxidants - metabolism bioavailability biomarkers Biomarkers - blood blood sampling catalase Catalase - blood catechin Catechin - administration & dosage Catechin - blood Catechin - pharmacokinetics Cholesterol - blood DNA damage DNA Damage - drug effects enzyme activity epicatechin erythrocytes Erythrocytes - drug effects Erythrocytes - metabolism Fasting Female gel electrophoresis glutathione peroxidase Glutathione Peroxidase - blood Humans hydrogen peroxide low density lipoprotein lymphocytes Lymphocytes - drug effects Lymphocytes - metabolism Male metabolites methylation Middle Aged overweight Overweight - blood Overweight - drug therapy oxidation oxidative stress Oxidative Stress - drug effects Paullinia - chemistry Paullinia cupana Seeds - chemistry superoxide dismutase Superoxide Dismutase - blood Triglycerides - blood |
| Title | Bioavailability of catechins from guaraná () and its effect on antioxidant enzymes and other oxidative stress markers in healthy human subjects |
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