Molecular mechanism of glutaminase activation through filamentation and the role of filaments in mitophagy protection

Glutaminase (GLS), which deaminates glutamine to form glutamate, is a mitochondrial tetrameric protein complex. Although inorganic phosphate (Pi) is known to promote GLS filamentation and activation, the molecular basis of this mechanism is unknown. Here we aimed to determine the molecular mechanism...

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Published inNature structural & molecular biology Vol. 30; no. 12; pp. 1902 - 1912
Main Authors Adamoski, Douglas, Dias, Marilia Meira, Quesñay, Jose Edwin Neciosup, Yang, Zhengyi, Zagoriy, Ievgeniia, Steyer, Anna M., Rodrigues, Camila Tanimoto, da Silva Bastos, Alliny Cristiny, da Silva, Bianca Novaes, Costa, Renna Karoline Eloi, de Abreu, Flávia Mayumi Odahara, Islam, Zeyaul, Cassago, Alexandre, van Heel, Marin Gerard, Consonni, Sílvio Roberto, Mattei, Simone, Mahamid, Julia, Portugal, Rodrigo Villares, Ambrosio, Andre Luis Berteli, Dias, Sandra Martha Gomes
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published New York Nature Publishing Group US 01.12.2023
Nature Publishing Group
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Online AccessGet full text
ISSN1545-9993
1545-9985
1545-9985
DOI10.1038/s41594-023-01118-0

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Abstract Glutaminase (GLS), which deaminates glutamine to form glutamate, is a mitochondrial tetrameric protein complex. Although inorganic phosphate (Pi) is known to promote GLS filamentation and activation, the molecular basis of this mechanism is unknown. Here we aimed to determine the molecular mechanism of Pi-induced mouse GLS filamentation and its impact on mitochondrial physiology. Single-particle cryogenic electron microscopy revealed an allosteric mechanism in which Pi binding at the tetramer interface and the activation loop is coupled to direct nucleophile activation at the active site. The active conformation is prone to enzyme filamentation. Notably, human GLS filaments form inside tubulated mitochondria following glutamine withdrawal, as shown by in situ cryo-electron tomography of cells thinned by cryo-focused ion beam milling. Mitochondria with GLS filaments exhibit increased protection from mitophagy. We reveal roles of filamentous GLS in mitochondrial morphology and recycling. Glutaminase is a mitochondrial complex that deaminates glutamine to form glutamate. Here the authors investigate inorganic-phosphate-induced enzyme filamentation, revealing an allosteric mechanism and roles of filamentous glutaminase in mitochondrial morphology and recycling.
AbstractList Glutaminase (GLS), which deaminates glutamine to form glutamate, is a mitochondrial tetrameric protein complex. Although inorganic phosphate (Pi) is known to promote GLS filamentation and activation, the molecular basis of this mechanism is unknown. Here we aimed to determine the molecular mechanism of Pi-induced mouse GLS filamentation and its impact on mitochondrial physiology. Single-particle cryogenic electron microscopy revealed an allosteric mechanism in which Pi binding at the tetramer interface and the activation loop is coupled to direct nucleophile activation at the active site. The active conformation is prone to enzyme filamentation. Notably, human GLS filaments form inside tubulated mitochondria following glutamine withdrawal, as shown by in situ cryo-electron tomography of cells thinned by cryo-focused ion beam milling. Mitochondria with GLS filaments exhibit increased protection from mitophagy. We reveal roles of filamentous GLS in mitochondrial morphology and recycling.
Glutaminase (GLS), which deaminates glutamine to form glutamate, is a mitochondrial tetrameric protein complex. Although inorganic phosphate (Pi) is known to promote GLS filamentation and activation, the molecular basis of this mechanism is unknown. Here we aimed to determine the molecular mechanism of Pi-induced mouse GLS filamentation and its impact on mitochondrial physiology. Single-particle cryogenic electron microscopy revealed an allosteric mechanism in which Pi binding at the tetramer interface and the activation loop is coupled to direct nucleophile activation at the active site. The active conformation is prone to enzyme filamentation. Notably, human GLS filaments form inside tubulated mitochondria following glutamine withdrawal, as shown by in situ cryo-electron tomography of cells thinned by cryo-focused ion beam milling. Mitochondria with GLS filaments exhibit increased protection from mitophagy. We reveal roles of filamentous GLS in mitochondrial morphology and recycling.Glutaminase is a mitochondrial complex that deaminates glutamine to form glutamate. Here the authors investigate inorganic-phosphate-induced enzyme filamentation, revealing an allosteric mechanism and roles of filamentous glutaminase in mitochondrial morphology and recycling.
Glutaminase (GLS), which deaminates glutamine to form glutamate, is a mitochondrial tetrameric protein complex. Although inorganic phosphate (Pi) is known to promote GLS filamentation and activation, the molecular basis of this mechanism is unknown. Here we aimed to determine the molecular mechanism of Pi-induced mouse GLS filamentation and its impact on mitochondrial physiology. Single-particle cryogenic electron microscopy revealed an allosteric mechanism in which Pi binding at the tetramer interface and the activation loop is coupled to direct nucleophile activation at the active site. The active conformation is prone to enzyme filamentation. Notably, human GLS filaments form inside tubulated mitochondria following glutamine withdrawal, as shown by in situ cryo-electron tomography of cells thinned by cryo-focused ion beam milling. Mitochondria with GLS filaments exhibit increased protection from mitophagy. We reveal roles of filamentous GLS in mitochondrial morphology and recycling. Glutaminase is a mitochondrial complex that deaminates glutamine to form glutamate. Here the authors investigate inorganic-phosphate-induced enzyme filamentation, revealing an allosteric mechanism and roles of filamentous glutaminase in mitochondrial morphology and recycling.
Glutaminase (GLS), which deaminates glutamine to form glutamate, is a mitochondrial tetrameric protein complex. Although inorganic phosphate (Pi) is known to promote GLS filamentation and activation, the molecular basis of this mechanism is unknown. Here we aimed to determine the molecular mechanism of Pi-induced mouse GLS filamentation and its impact on mitochondrial physiology. Single-particle cryogenic electron microscopy revealed an allosteric mechanism in which Pi binding at the tetramer interface and the activation loop is coupled to direct nucleophile activation at the active site. The active conformation is prone to enzyme filamentation. Notably, human GLS filaments form inside tubulated mitochondria following glutamine withdrawal, as shown by in situ cryo-electron tomography of cells thinned by cryo-focused ion beam milling. Mitochondria with GLS filaments exhibit increased protection from mitophagy. We reveal roles of filamentous GLS in mitochondrial morphology and recycling.Glutaminase (GLS), which deaminates glutamine to form glutamate, is a mitochondrial tetrameric protein complex. Although inorganic phosphate (Pi) is known to promote GLS filamentation and activation, the molecular basis of this mechanism is unknown. Here we aimed to determine the molecular mechanism of Pi-induced mouse GLS filamentation and its impact on mitochondrial physiology. Single-particle cryogenic electron microscopy revealed an allosteric mechanism in which Pi binding at the tetramer interface and the activation loop is coupled to direct nucleophile activation at the active site. The active conformation is prone to enzyme filamentation. Notably, human GLS filaments form inside tubulated mitochondria following glutamine withdrawal, as shown by in situ cryo-electron tomography of cells thinned by cryo-focused ion beam milling. Mitochondria with GLS filaments exhibit increased protection from mitophagy. We reveal roles of filamentous GLS in mitochondrial morphology and recycling.
Author Adamoski, Douglas
de Abreu, Flávia Mayumi Odahara
Consonni, Sílvio Roberto
Mattei, Simone
Cassago, Alexandre
Yang, Zhengyi
Quesñay, Jose Edwin Neciosup
Zagoriy, Ievgeniia
Steyer, Anna M.
Portugal, Rodrigo Villares
Dias, Marilia Meira
Dias, Sandra Martha Gomes
da Silva Bastos, Alliny Cristiny
Ambrosio, Andre Luis Berteli
Rodrigues, Camila Tanimoto
van Heel, Marin Gerard
Mahamid, Julia
da Silva, Bianca Novaes
Costa, Renna Karoline Eloi
Islam, Zeyaul
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PublicationTitleAlternate Nat Struct Mol Biol
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Publisher Nature Publishing Group US
Nature Publishing Group
Publisher_xml – name: Nature Publishing Group US
– name: Nature Publishing Group
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Snippet Glutaminase (GLS), which deaminates glutamine to form glutamate, is a mitochondrial tetrameric protein complex. Although inorganic phosphate (Pi) is known to...
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SubjectTerms 631/45/173
631/535/1258/1259
631/535/1258/1260
631/80/642/333
Allosteric properties
Biochemistry
Biological Microscopy
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Electron microscopy
Enzymes
Filamentation
Filaments
Glutaminase
Glutamine
Ion beams
Life Sciences
Membrane Biology
Mitochondria
Mitophagy
Molecular modelling
Morphology
Nucleophiles
Protein Structure
Title Molecular mechanism of glutaminase activation through filamentation and the role of filaments in mitophagy protection
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/s41594-023-01118-0
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37857822
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https://www.proquest.com/docview/2880103559
Volume 30
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