Introduction to RF simulation and its application
Radio-frequency (RF) circuits exhibit several distinguishing characteristics that make them difficult to simulate using traditional SPICE transient analysis. The various extensions to the harmonic balance and shooting method simulation algorithms are able to exploit these characteristics to provide...
Saved in:
| Published in | IEEE journal of solid-state circuits Vol. 34; no. 9; pp. 1298 - 1319 |
|---|---|
| Main Author | |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
IEEE
01.09.1999
|
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0018-9200 |
| DOI | 10.1109/4.782091 |
Cover
| Abstract | Radio-frequency (RF) circuits exhibit several distinguishing characteristics that make them difficult to simulate using traditional SPICE transient analysis. The various extensions to the harmonic balance and shooting method simulation algorithms are able to exploit these characteristics to provide rapid and accurate simulation for these circuits. This paper is an introduction to RF simulation methods and how they are applied to make common RF measurements. It describes the unique characteristics of RF circuits, the methods developed to simulate these circuits, and the application of these methods. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Radio-frequency (RF) circuits exhibit several distinguishing characteristics that make them difficult to simulate using traditional SPICE transient analysis. The various extensions to the harmonic balance and shooting method simulation algorithms are able to exploit these characteristics to provide rapid and accurate simulation for these circuits. This paper is an introduction to RF simulation methods and how they are applied to make common RF measurements. It describes the unique characteristics of RF circuits, the methods developed to simulate these circuits, and the application of these methods Radio-frequency (RF) circuits exhibit several distinguishing characteristics that make them difficult to simulate using traditional SPICE transient analysis. The various extensions to the harmonic balance and shooting method simulation algorithms are able to exploit these characteristics to provide rapid and accurate simulation for these circuits. This paper is an introduction to RF simulation methods and how they are applied to make common RF measurements. It describes the unique characteristics of RF circuits, the methods developed to simulate these circuits, and the application of these methods. |
| Author | Kundert, K.S. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: K.S. surname: Kundert fullname: Kundert, K.S. organization: Cadence Design Syst. Inc., San Jose, CA, USA |
| BookMark | eNp9kMFLwzAUxnOY4DYFz556Ui-tL03aNEcZTgcDQfQcHkkGka6pSXrwv7euw8MQT4_3vd_34PsWZNb5zhJyRaGgFOQ9L0RTgqQzMgegTS5LgHOyiPFjXDlv6JzQTZeCN4NOzndZ8tnrOotuP7R4ELAzmUsxw75vnT5oF-Rsh220l8e5JO_rx7fVc759edqsHra5ZoKlHCW3oBGlALkTKKQQyIw1rKorVteMYWmMaShUpak1GM5RMAChqeasqgRbktvpbx_852BjUnsXtW1b7KwfopJUyjEbYyN58y9ZNrwWtKIjWEygDj7GYHdKu3QIlQK6VlFQP70prqbeRsPdiaEPbo_h6y_0ekKdtfYXOx6_AQ6udw0 |
| CODEN | IJSCBC |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1109_TMTT_2019_2949816 crossref_primary_10_1109_TMTT_2018_2836397 crossref_primary_10_2514_1_J052635 crossref_primary_10_1109_22_989983 crossref_primary_10_1109_TVT_2014_2321175 crossref_primary_10_1088_1741_2552_ab89fd crossref_primary_10_1142_S0218127407019408 crossref_primary_10_1109_TMTT_2017_2712157 crossref_primary_10_1109_TMTT_2019_2949776 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10836_005_6361_9 crossref_primary_10_1109_MMW_2003_1266066 crossref_primary_10_1109_JSSC_2004_825247 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCSI_2009_2016630 crossref_primary_10_1017_S1759078720000768 crossref_primary_10_1109_4_913739 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCSII_2012_2208679 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCSII_2024_3372404 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCSI_2013_2249177 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mejo_2011_04_011 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCAD_2006_871621 crossref_primary_10_1108_03321640810905792 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCSI_2020_2984174 crossref_primary_10_1109_TMTT_2023_3292621 crossref_primary_10_4028_www_scientific_net_KEM_645_646_657 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10825_010_0307_x crossref_primary_10_1002_fld_4036 crossref_primary_10_1109_JETCAS_2012_2193843 crossref_primary_10_1109_TED_2015_2489220 crossref_primary_10_1155_2011_540305 crossref_primary_10_1109_TMTT_2020_3037475 crossref_primary_10_1017_S1759078724000667 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCSI_2018_2837677 crossref_primary_10_1109_TMTT_2007_895642 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCSI_2003_809817 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aeue_2018_09_009 crossref_primary_10_1080_00207217_2014_896044 crossref_primary_10_1002_cta_270 crossref_primary_10_1109_35_1000231 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10470_014_0428_4 crossref_primary_10_1143_JJAP_43_2176 crossref_primary_10_1109_TASC_2015_2470668 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCAD_2020_2966444 crossref_primary_10_1002_cta_552 crossref_primary_10_1109_TAES_2011_5751238 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCSI_2006_883864 crossref_primary_10_1109_JPROC_2005_852226 crossref_primary_10_1109_43_898832 crossref_primary_10_1109_5_899053 crossref_primary_10_1002_mmce_10043 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCAD_2012_2194493 crossref_primary_10_1109_TMTT_2010_2041585 crossref_primary_10_1109_22_981287 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCAD_2008_915546 crossref_primary_10_3390_f14071506 crossref_primary_10_5194_ars_17_101_2019 crossref_primary_10_1109_TMTT_2019_2910014 crossref_primary_10_1109_MMM_2012_2216103 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCSI_2009_2035418 crossref_primary_10_1145_2086696_2086730 crossref_primary_10_1109_TED_2010_2043186 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCSII_2013_2278110 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCSI_2009_2028449 crossref_primary_10_1049_el_20000877 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCSII_2017_2689794 crossref_primary_10_4103_0377_2063_118020 crossref_primary_10_1109_JSTQE_2004_831949 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_sse_2012_07_022 crossref_primary_10_1109_5_888999 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCSI_2012_2191317 crossref_primary_10_1109_TMTT_2010_2040326 crossref_primary_10_1002_mmce_20096 crossref_primary_10_3788_gzxb20245312_1225002 crossref_primary_10_1002_cta_721 crossref_primary_10_1109_TMTT_2020_3036889 crossref_primary_10_1142_S0218126604001325 crossref_primary_10_1109_JSYST_2007_914787 crossref_primary_10_1109_TEMC_2024_3403752 crossref_primary_10_1109_JPROC_2006_889366 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCSI_2024_3410384 crossref_primary_10_1109_MMM_2015_2410951 crossref_primary_10_1109_TED_2006_880166 crossref_primary_10_1002_sat_780 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chip_2023_100072 crossref_primary_10_1002_mmce_20818 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_vlsi_2023_01_018 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCSI_2018_2856247 crossref_primary_10_1109_MMM_2021_3069535 crossref_primary_10_1109_TMTT_2012_2184129 crossref_primary_10_1109_TMTT_2014_2376932 crossref_primary_10_1109_JMW_2021_3079205 crossref_primary_10_1002_asmb_2808 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aeue_2011_09_002 crossref_primary_10_1016_S0038_1101_01_00108_3 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCAD_2012_2214480 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCSI_2012_2190677 crossref_primary_10_1016_S0096_3003_01_00324_1 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1109/ICCAD.1996.569712 10.1109/EUMA.1996.337640 10.1109/DAC.1997.597114 10.1137/0718030 10.1109/CICC.1996.510592 10.1109/PROC.1972.8563 10.1049/ip-h-2.1986.0064 10.1007/978-1-4757-2081-5 10.1109/43.46798 10.1109/JRPROC.1954.274758 10.1109/4.661198 10.1109/96.338715 10.1137/0907074 10.1109/ISSCC.1997.585397 10.1145/240518.240590 10.1109/81.244907 10.1109/CICC.1995.518142 10.1109/ISSCC.1997.585396 10.1109/TCS.1976.1084181 10.1109/DAC.1996.545589 10.1109/CICC.1995.518177 10.1109/22.3526 10.1109/TMTT.1978.1129312 10.1109/CICC.1997.606651 10.1109/CICC.1996.510594 10.1145/309847.310015 10.1109/CICC.1994.379747 10.1109/22.3545 10.1109/43.384428 10.1002/cta.4490180505 10.1002/cta.4490150403 10.1109/4.494195 10.1109/ISSCC.1998.672445 10.1109/MWSYM.1996.512189 10.1109/CICC.1999.777234 10.1109/22.3524 10.1109/ICCAD.1997.643622 10.1109/ICCAD.1988.122546 10.1007/978-1-4757-2602-2_16 10.1007/BF01232919 10.1109/DAC.1997.597156 10.1109/TMTT.1979.1129771 10.1137/0914081 10.1109/DAC.1995.249995 10.1109/22.17396 10.1109/CICC.1999.777232 10.1109/81.847872 10.1109/4.18606 10.1109/22.20024 10.1109/82.700925 10.1109/ICCAD.1996.569912 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| DBID | RIA RIE AAYXX CITATION 7SP 8FD L7M F28 FR3 |
| DOI | 10.1109/4.782091 |
| DatabaseName | IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 1998–Present IEEE Xplore CrossRef Electronics & Communications Abstracts Technology Research Database Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering Engineering Research Database |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef Technology Research Database Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace Electronics & Communications Abstracts Engineering Research Database ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering |
| DatabaseTitleList | Engineering Research Database Technology Research Database |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: RIE name: IEEE Xplore url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ sourceTypes: Publisher |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Engineering |
| EndPage | 1319 |
| ExternalDocumentID | 10_1109_4_782091 782091 |
| GroupedDBID | -~X .DC 0R~ 29I 3EH 4.4 41~ 5GY 5VS 6IK 97E AAJGR AARMG AASAJ AAWTH ABAZT ABQJQ ABVLG ACGFS ACIWK ACNCT AENEX AETIX AGQYO AGSQL AHBIQ AI. AIBXA AKJIK AKQYR ALLEH ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS ATWAV BEFXN BFFAM BGNUA BKEBE BPEOZ CS3 DU5 EBS EJD F5P HZ~ H~9 IAAWW IBMZZ ICLAB IFIPE IFJZH IPLJI JAVBF LAI M43 O9- OCL P2P PZZ RIA RIE RNS TAE TN5 UKR VH1 AAYXX CITATION 7SP 8FD L7M F28 FR3 |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c373t-a94e0caa9709f7a7977a3ded356536633a2ddd81052d6c0d44a73007c1c435573 |
| IEDL.DBID | RIE |
| ISSN | 0018-9200 |
| IngestDate | Sun Sep 28 07:48:30 EDT 2025 Mon Sep 29 05:08:25 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 24 22:53:55 EDT 2025 Wed Oct 01 02:34:46 EDT 2025 Tue Aug 26 21:00:21 EDT 2025 |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 9 |
| Language | English |
| License | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplorehelp/downloads/license-information/IEEE.html |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c373t-a94e0caa9709f7a7977a3ded356536633a2ddd81052d6c0d44a73007c1c435573 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 |
| PQID | 28467151 |
| PQPubID | 23500 |
| PageCount | 22 |
| ParticipantIDs | proquest_miscellaneous_28467151 crossref_citationtrail_10_1109_4_782091 crossref_primary_10_1109_4_782091 ieee_primary_782091 proquest_miscellaneous_919909133 |
| ProviderPackageCode | CITATION AAYXX |
| PublicationCentury | 1900 |
| PublicationDate | 1999-09-01 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 1999-09-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 09 year: 1999 text: 1999-09-01 day: 01 |
| PublicationDecade | 1990 |
| PublicationTitle | IEEE journal of solid-state circuits |
| PublicationTitleAbbrev | JSSC |
| PublicationYear | 1999 |
| Publisher | IEEE |
| Publisher_xml | – name: IEEE |
| References | ref57 ref13 vendelin (ref63) 1990 ref56 ref12 ref59 ref58 ref53 ziemer (ref68) 1976 ref52 ref11 gardner (ref14) 1979 ref54 ref10 gardner (ref15) 1989 ref17 ref16 ref18 telichevesky (ref61) 1996 ref51 ref46 ref48 ref47 ka¨ertner (ref23) 1992 ref42 ref41 ref43 ref49 ref9 ref4 ref3 ref5 ref40 ref35 ref37 ref36 razavi (ref44) 1998 ref30 ref33 ref2 sharrit (ref55) 1996 ref1 ref39 ref38 coelho (ref6) 1999 martin (ref32) 1998 vizmuller (ref65) 1995 ref24 ref26 ref25 ref20 ref66 ref22 ref21 meyer (ref34) 1997 razavi (ref45) 1998 ref28 ref27 (ref64) 1996 zannoth (ref67) 1998 robins (ref50) 1996 ref29 maas (ref31) 1988 demir (ref8) 1997 jin (ref19) 1998 terrovitis (ref62) 1999 ref60 dawe (ref7) 1997 |
| References_xml | – year: 1995 ident: ref65 publication-title: RF Design Guide Systems Circuits and Equations – ident: ref12 doi: 10.1109/ICCAD.1996.569712 – ident: ref48 doi: 10.1109/EUMA.1996.337640 – ident: ref35 doi: 10.1109/DAC.1997.597114 – ident: ref41 doi: 10.1137/0718030 – ident: ref60 doi: 10.1109/CICC.1996.510592 – ident: ref2 doi: 10.1109/PROC.1972.8563 – ident: ref18 doi: 10.1049/ip-h-2.1986.0064 – ident: ref27 doi: 10.1007/978-1-4757-2081-5 – ident: ref39 doi: 10.1109/43.46798 – ident: ref57 doi: 10.1109/JRPROC.1954.274758 – ident: ref52 doi: 10.1109/4.661198 – year: 1988 ident: ref31 publication-title: Nonlinear Microwave Circuits – ident: ref56 doi: 10.1109/96.338715 – ident: ref3 doi: 10.1137/0907074 – start-page: 851 year: 1998 ident: ref32 article-title: bsim3 based rts and 1/$f$ noise models suitable for circuit simulators publication-title: IEDM 98 Tech Dig – year: 1997 ident: ref34 article-title: a 2.5ghz bicmos transceiver for wireless lan publication-title: 1997 IEEE Int Solid-State Circuits Conf Dig Tech Papers and Slide Supplement doi: 10.1109/ISSCC.1997.585397 – year: 1996 ident: ref50 publication-title: Phase Noise in Signal Sources (Theory and Application) – year: 1979 ident: ref14 publication-title: Phaselock Techniques – ident: ref42 doi: 10.1145/240518.240590 – ident: ref40 doi: 10.1109/81.244907 – ident: ref16 doi: 10.1109/CICC.1995.518142 – year: 1997 ident: ref7 article-title: a 2.7v dect rf transceiver with integrated vco publication-title: 1997 IEEE Int Solid-State Circuits Conf Dig Tech Papers and Slide Supplement doi: 10.1109/ISSCC.1997.585396 – ident: ref36 doi: 10.1109/TCS.1976.1084181 – year: 1996 ident: ref61 article-title: efficient ac and noise analysis of two-tone rf circuits publication-title: Proc 33rd Design Automation Conf doi: 10.1109/DAC.1996.545589 – year: 1992 ident: ref23 article-title: noise in oscillating systems publication-title: Proc Integrated Nonlinear Microwave and Millimeter Wave Circuits Conf – year: 1990 ident: ref63 publication-title: Microwave Circuit Design Using Linear and Nonlinear Techniques – ident: ref33 doi: 10.1109/CICC.1995.518177 – ident: ref46 doi: 10.1109/22.3526 – year: 1976 ident: ref68 publication-title: Principles of Communications Systems Modulation and Noise – ident: ref17 doi: 10.1109/TMTT.1978.1129312 – ident: ref30 doi: 10.1109/CICC.1997.606651 – ident: ref59 doi: 10.1109/CICC.1996.510594 – ident: ref13 doi: 10.1145/309847.310015 – ident: ref1 doi: 10.1109/CICC.1994.379747 – ident: ref54 doi: 10.1109/22.3545 – ident: ref11 doi: 10.1109/43.384428 – ident: ref22 doi: 10.1002/cta.4490180505 – year: 1996 ident: ref55 article-title: new method of analysis of communication systems publication-title: Proc MTTS 96 WMFA Nonlinear CAD Workshop – ident: ref66 doi: 10.1002/cta.4490150403 – ident: ref43 doi: 10.1109/4.494195 – year: 1998 ident: ref44 publication-title: RF Microelectronics – year: 1998 ident: ref67 article-title: a fully integrated vco at 2ghz publication-title: 1998 IEEE Int Solid-State Circuits Conf Dig Tech Papers doi: 10.1109/ISSCC.1998.672445 – year: 1997 ident: ref8 publication-title: Analysis and simulation of noise in nonlinear electronic circuits and systems – year: 1989 ident: ref15 publication-title: Introduction to Random Processes With Applications to Signals and Systems – year: 1998 ident: ref45 article-title: rf ic design challenges publication-title: Proc 35th Design Automation Conf – ident: ref38 doi: 10.1109/MWSYM.1996.512189 – ident: ref37 doi: 10.1109/CICC.1999.777234 – ident: ref47 doi: 10.1109/22.3524 – start-page: 961 year: 1998 ident: ref19 article-title: an effective gate resistance model for cmos rf and noise modeling publication-title: IEDM 98 Tech Dig – ident: ref28 doi: 10.1109/ICCAD.1997.643622 – ident: ref25 doi: 10.1109/ICCAD.1988.122546 – ident: ref29 doi: 10.1007/978-1-4757-2602-2_16 – ident: ref4 doi: 10.1007/BF01232919 – year: 1999 ident: ref6 article-title: robust rational function approximation algorithm for model generation publication-title: Proceedings 37th Design Automation Conference – ident: ref51 doi: 10.1109/DAC.1997.597156 – ident: ref24 doi: 10.1109/TMTT.1979.1129771 – year: 1996 ident: ref64 publication-title: Verilog— A Language Reference Manual Analog Extensions to Verilog-HDL version 1 0 – ident: ref10 doi: 10.1137/0914081 – ident: ref58 doi: 10.1109/DAC.1995.249995 – ident: ref49 doi: 10.1109/22.17396 – ident: ref5 doi: 10.1109/CICC.1999.777232 – ident: ref9 doi: 10.1109/81.847872 – ident: ref26 doi: 10.1109/4.18606 – ident: ref21 doi: 10.1109/22.20024 – year: 1999 ident: ref62 publication-title: Cyclostationary noise in communication systems – ident: ref53 doi: 10.1109/82.700925 – ident: ref20 doi: 10.1109/ICCAD.1996.569912 |
| SSID | ssj0014481 |
| Score | 2.0732691 |
| Snippet | Radio-frequency (RF) circuits exhibit several distinguishing characteristics that make them difficult to simulate using traditional SPICE transient analysis.... |
| SourceID | proquest crossref ieee |
| SourceType | Aggregation Database Enrichment Source Index Database Publisher |
| StartPage | 1298 |
| SubjectTerms | Algorithms Analytical models Baseband Circuit noise Circuit simulation Circuits Computer simulation Harmonics Phase noise Radio frequencies Radio frequency Radio transmitters RF signals Shooting Signal processing SPICE Spices Transient analysis |
| Title | Introduction to RF simulation and its application |
| URI | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/782091 https://www.proquest.com/docview/28467151 https://www.proquest.com/docview/919909133 |
| Volume | 34 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| journalDatabaseRights | – providerCode: PRVIEE databaseName: IEEE Xplore issn: 0018-9200 databaseCode: RIE dateStart: 19660101 customDbUrl: isFulltext: true dateEnd: 99991231 titleUrlDefault: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0014481 providerName: IEEE |
| link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwjV1LS8NAEF60Jz34qIr1uYLgKWnS3WSzRxFLFfQgFnoL-yoUNRGTXPz1zu6mpWoFb0syCWF2kvkmM_MNQpeW-VYyGQVTBSEKTaY64JmBlQHvywGSaGK7kR8e09GY3k-SScuz7XphjDGu-MyEduly-bpUjf1V1rfcbrZTfZ1lqW_VWiQMIMrww_FieH9h51ue2TjifRr66755HjdK5df31zmV4bbv1q4cF6GtJXkJm1qG6vMHU-M_n3cHbbXgEl97a9hFa6boos0lysE9FN_Z0nTtOWNxXeKnIa5mb-0QLywKjWd1hZfy2vtoPLx9vhkF7diEQBFG6kBwaiIlBGcRnzLBAOEJoo0mgN0IAAwiBlrrDIDVQKcq0pQKS1rPVKwAOyWMHKBOURbmEGEDaENCBAmYIaMyToWMiaKW3ZTKRIqoh67mKs1VyyluR1u85i62iHhOc6-EHrpYSL57Ho0VMl2rw8X5-dHz-SblYPo2nyEKUzZVPrDYCRBLD-E_JHgMzpZDGH608tbHaMOzMNiSsRPUqT8acwoYo5Znzrq-AM2LzXw |
| linkProvider | IEEE |
| linkToHtml | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwjV1LS8NAEF6kHtSDj6pYX11B8JQ06W6a7lHE0mrbg7TQW9hXoaiJmOTir3d2Ny0-KnhbkkkIs5PMN5mZbxC6Nsy3IhaBN5cQotBorjzW1bDS4H0ZQBJFTDfyaNzpT-nDLJpVPNu2F0ZrbYvPtG-WNpevMlmaX2Utw-1mOtU3I0pp5Jq1VikDiDPceLwQ3mDY-4ppNgxYi_ruym--xw5T-fUFtm6lt-f6tXPLRmiqSZ79shC-_PjB1fjPJ95HuxW8xLfOHg7Qhk7raOcL6eAhCgemOF051lhcZPiph_PFazXGC_NU4UWR4y-Z7SM07d1P7vpeNTjBkyQmhccZ1YHknMUBm8c8BozHidKKAHojADEIbyulugCt2qojA0UpN7T1sQwloKcoJseolmapPkFYA94QEEMCauhSEXa4CImkht-UikjwoIFulipNZMUqboZbvCQ2ughYQhOnhAa6Wkm-OSaNNTJ1o8PV-eXR5nKTEjB-k9Hgqc7KPGkb9ASYpYHwHxIsBHfLIBA_XXvrJtrqT0bDZDgYP56hbcfJYArIzlGteC_1BSCOQlxaS_sEuefQyQ |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Introduction+to+RF+simulation+and+its+application&rft.jtitle=IEEE+journal+of+solid-state+circuits&rft.au=Kundert%2C+K+S&rft.date=1999-09-01&rft.issn=0018-9200&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=9&rft_id=info:doi/10.1109%2F4.782091&rft.externalDBID=NO_FULL_TEXT |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0018-9200&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0018-9200&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0018-9200&client=summon |