Ultrafast Bi‐Directional Bending Moisture‐Responsive Soft Actuators through Superfine Silk Rod Modified Bio‐Mimicking Hierarchical Layered Structure
Development of stimulus‐responsive materials is crucial for novel soft actuators. Among these actuators, the moisture‐responsive actuators are known for their accessibility, eco‐friendliness, and robust regenerative attributes. A major challenge of moisture‐responsive soft actuators (MRSAs) is achie...
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| Published in | Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) Vol. 20; no. 25; pp. e2309364 - n/a |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Germany
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
01.06.2024
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1613-6810 1613-6829 1613-6829 |
| DOI | 10.1002/smll.202309364 |
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| Abstract | Development of stimulus‐responsive materials is crucial for novel soft actuators. Among these actuators, the moisture‐responsive actuators are known for their accessibility, eco‐friendliness, and robust regenerative attributes. A major challenge of moisture‐responsive soft actuators (MRSAs) is achieving significant bending curvature within short response times. Many plants naturally perform large deformation through a layered hierarchical structure in response to moisture stimuli. Drawing inspiration from the bionic structure of Delosperma nakurense (D. nakurense) seed capsule, here the fabrication of an ultrafast bi‐directional bending MRSAs is reported. Combining a superfine silk fibroin rod (SFR) modified graphene oxide (GO) moisture‐responsive layer with a moisture‐inert layer of reduced graphene oxide (RGO), this actuator demonstrated large bi‐directional bending deformation (−4.06 ± 0.09 to 10.44 ± 0.00 cm−1) and ultrafast bending rates (7.06 cm−1 s−1). The high deformation rate is achieved by incorporating the SFR into the moisture‐responsive layers, facilitating rapid water transmission within the interlayer structure. The complex yet predictable deformations of this actuator are demonstrated that can be utilized in smart switch, robotic arms, and walking device. The proposed SFR modification method is simple and versatile, enhancing the functionality of hierarchical layered actuators. It holds the potential to advance intelligent soft robots for application in confined environments.
This work presents a moisture‐responsive soft actuator capable of bi‐directional bending deformations and rapid bending rates. Inspired by Delosperma nakurense seed capsules, such deformation properties are achieved through a hierarchical structure combining a moisture‐responsive graphene oxide (GO) layer modified with a superfine silk fibroin rod (SFR) and a moisture‐inert reduced graphene oxide (RGO) layer. |
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| AbstractList | Development of stimulus‐responsive materials is crucial for novel soft actuators. Among these actuators, the moisture‐responsive actuators are known for their accessibility, eco‐friendliness, and robust regenerative attributes. A major challenge of moisture‐responsive soft actuators (MRSAs) is achieving significant bending curvature within short response times. Many plants naturally perform large deformation through a layered hierarchical structure in response to moisture stimuli. Drawing inspiration from the bionic structure of
Delosperma nakurense (D. nakurense)
seed capsule, here the fabrication of an ultrafast bi‐directional bending MRSAs is reported. Combining a superfine silk fibroin rod (SFR) modified graphene oxide (GO) moisture‐responsive layer with a moisture‐inert layer of reduced graphene oxide (RGO), this actuator demonstrated large bi‐directional bending deformation (−4.06 ± 0.09 to 10.44 ± 0.00 cm
−1
) and ultrafast bending rates (7.06 cm
−1
s
−1
). The high deformation rate is achieved by incorporating the SFR into the moisture‐responsive layers, facilitating rapid water transmission within the interlayer structure. The complex yet predictable deformations of this actuator are demonstrated that can be utilized in smart switch, robotic arms, and walking device. The proposed SFR modification method is simple and versatile, enhancing the functionality of hierarchical layered actuators. It holds the potential to advance intelligent soft robots for application in confined environments. Development of stimulus-responsive materials is crucial for novel soft actuators. Among these actuators, the moisture-responsive actuators are known for their accessibility, eco-friendliness, and robust regenerative attributes. A major challenge of moisture-responsive soft actuators (MRSAs) is achieving significant bending curvature within short response times. Many plants naturally perform large deformation through a layered hierarchical structure in response to moisture stimuli. Drawing inspiration from the bionic structure of Delosperma nakurense (D. nakurense) seed capsule, here the fabrication of an ultrafast bi-directional bending MRSAs is reported. Combining a superfine silk fibroin rod (SFR) modified graphene oxide (GO) moisture-responsive layer with a moisture-inert layer of reduced graphene oxide (RGO), this actuator demonstrated large bi-directional bending deformation (-4.06 ± 0.09 to 10.44 ± 0.00 cm-1) and ultrafast bending rates (7.06 cm-1 s-1). The high deformation rate is achieved by incorporating the SFR into the moisture-responsive layers, facilitating rapid water transmission within the interlayer structure. The complex yet predictable deformations of this actuator are demonstrated that can be utilized in smart switch, robotic arms, and walking device. The proposed SFR modification method is simple and versatile, enhancing the functionality of hierarchical layered actuators. It holds the potential to advance intelligent soft robots for application in confined environments.Development of stimulus-responsive materials is crucial for novel soft actuators. Among these actuators, the moisture-responsive actuators are known for their accessibility, eco-friendliness, and robust regenerative attributes. A major challenge of moisture-responsive soft actuators (MRSAs) is achieving significant bending curvature within short response times. Many plants naturally perform large deformation through a layered hierarchical structure in response to moisture stimuli. Drawing inspiration from the bionic structure of Delosperma nakurense (D. nakurense) seed capsule, here the fabrication of an ultrafast bi-directional bending MRSAs is reported. Combining a superfine silk fibroin rod (SFR) modified graphene oxide (GO) moisture-responsive layer with a moisture-inert layer of reduced graphene oxide (RGO), this actuator demonstrated large bi-directional bending deformation (-4.06 ± 0.09 to 10.44 ± 0.00 cm-1) and ultrafast bending rates (7.06 cm-1 s-1). The high deformation rate is achieved by incorporating the SFR into the moisture-responsive layers, facilitating rapid water transmission within the interlayer structure. The complex yet predictable deformations of this actuator are demonstrated that can be utilized in smart switch, robotic arms, and walking device. The proposed SFR modification method is simple and versatile, enhancing the functionality of hierarchical layered actuators. It holds the potential to advance intelligent soft robots for application in confined environments. Development of stimulus-responsive materials is crucial for novel soft actuators. Among these actuators, the moisture-responsive actuators are known for their accessibility, eco-friendliness, and robust regenerative attributes. A major challenge of moisture-responsive soft actuators (MRSAs) is achieving significant bending curvature within short response times. Many plants naturally perform large deformation through a layered hierarchical structure in response to moisture stimuli. Drawing inspiration from the bionic structure of Delosperma nakurense (D. nakurense) seed capsule, here the fabrication of an ultrafast bi-directional bending MRSAs is reported. Combining a superfine silk fibroin rod (SFR) modified graphene oxide (GO) moisture-responsive layer with a moisture-inert layer of reduced graphene oxide (RGO), this actuator demonstrated large bi-directional bending deformation (-4.06 ± 0.09 to 10.44 ± 0.00 cm ) and ultrafast bending rates (7.06 cm s ). The high deformation rate is achieved by incorporating the SFR into the moisture-responsive layers, facilitating rapid water transmission within the interlayer structure. The complex yet predictable deformations of this actuator are demonstrated that can be utilized in smart switch, robotic arms, and walking device. The proposed SFR modification method is simple and versatile, enhancing the functionality of hierarchical layered actuators. It holds the potential to advance intelligent soft robots for application in confined environments. Development of stimulus‐responsive materials is crucial for novel soft actuators. Among these actuators, the moisture‐responsive actuators are known for their accessibility, eco‐friendliness, and robust regenerative attributes. A major challenge of moisture‐responsive soft actuators (MRSAs) is achieving significant bending curvature within short response times. Many plants naturally perform large deformation through a layered hierarchical structure in response to moisture stimuli. Drawing inspiration from the bionic structure of Delosperma nakurense (D. nakurense) seed capsule, here the fabrication of an ultrafast bi‐directional bending MRSAs is reported. Combining a superfine silk fibroin rod (SFR) modified graphene oxide (GO) moisture‐responsive layer with a moisture‐inert layer of reduced graphene oxide (RGO), this actuator demonstrated large bi‐directional bending deformation (−4.06 ± 0.09 to 10.44 ± 0.00 cm−1) and ultrafast bending rates (7.06 cm−1 s−1). The high deformation rate is achieved by incorporating the SFR into the moisture‐responsive layers, facilitating rapid water transmission within the interlayer structure. The complex yet predictable deformations of this actuator are demonstrated that can be utilized in smart switch, robotic arms, and walking device. The proposed SFR modification method is simple and versatile, enhancing the functionality of hierarchical layered actuators. It holds the potential to advance intelligent soft robots for application in confined environments. Development of stimulus‐responsive materials is crucial for novel soft actuators. Among these actuators, the moisture‐responsive actuators are known for their accessibility, eco‐friendliness, and robust regenerative attributes. A major challenge of moisture‐responsive soft actuators (MRSAs) is achieving significant bending curvature within short response times. Many plants naturally perform large deformation through a layered hierarchical structure in response to moisture stimuli. Drawing inspiration from the bionic structure of Delosperma nakurense (D. nakurense) seed capsule, here the fabrication of an ultrafast bi‐directional bending MRSAs is reported. Combining a superfine silk fibroin rod (SFR) modified graphene oxide (GO) moisture‐responsive layer with a moisture‐inert layer of reduced graphene oxide (RGO), this actuator demonstrated large bi‐directional bending deformation (−4.06 ± 0.09 to 10.44 ± 0.00 cm−1) and ultrafast bending rates (7.06 cm−1 s−1). The high deformation rate is achieved by incorporating the SFR into the moisture‐responsive layers, facilitating rapid water transmission within the interlayer structure. The complex yet predictable deformations of this actuator are demonstrated that can be utilized in smart switch, robotic arms, and walking device. The proposed SFR modification method is simple and versatile, enhancing the functionality of hierarchical layered actuators. It holds the potential to advance intelligent soft robots for application in confined environments. This work presents a moisture‐responsive soft actuator capable of bi‐directional bending deformations and rapid bending rates. Inspired by Delosperma nakurense seed capsules, such deformation properties are achieved through a hierarchical structure combining a moisture‐responsive graphene oxide (GO) layer modified with a superfine silk fibroin rod (SFR) and a moisture‐inert reduced graphene oxide (RGO) layer. |
| Author | Xu, Zongpu Shuai, Yajun Yu, Jing Wan, Quan Yang, Mingying Mao, Chuanbin Wang, Jie |
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| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38225691$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_202413648 crossref_primary_10_1002_adfm_202412254 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cej_2025_160260 crossref_primary_10_1039_D4MH00631C crossref_primary_10_1002_smll_202401580 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cej_2024_153294 crossref_primary_10_1021_acsami_4c12834 |
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| Keywords | graphene oxide moisture‐responsive material hierarchical structure bio‐mimicking structure silk fibroin |
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| SubjectTerms | Actuators Bending Bionics bio‐mimicking structure Confined spaces Deformation Graphene graphene oxide hierarchical structure Interlayers Moisture moisture‐responsive material Robot arms Silk fibroin Ultrafines |
| Title | Ultrafast Bi‐Directional Bending Moisture‐Responsive Soft Actuators through Superfine Silk Rod Modified Bio‐Mimicking Hierarchical Layered Structure |
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