A Cross-cultural exploration of problematic Internet use, pathological personality traits, defense mechanisms, coping strategies, and self-esteem in 14 countries
The primary objective of this study was to compare the estimates of Problematic Internet Use (PIU) from 14 countries around the world, considering gender. The second objective was to explore the relationships between PIU and personality-related variables (pathological personality traits, defense mec...
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Published in | Annales médico psychologiques Vol. 183; no. 4; pp. 400 - 406 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Elsevier Masson SAS
01.04.2025
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
ISSN | 0003-4487 |
DOI | 10.1016/j.amp.2022.09.008 |
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Abstract | The primary objective of this study was to compare the estimates of Problematic Internet Use (PIU) from 14 countries around the world, considering gender. The second objective was to explore the relationships between PIU and personality-related variables (pathological personality traits, defense mechanisms, coping strategies, and self-esteem).
Our total sample consisted of 7726 participants (30.8% male, n=2378), aged between 18 and 86 years old (M=25.55; SD=9.8). Recruited online, they completed several scales about their Internet use, defense mechanisms and coping strategies, self-esteem, and pathological personality traits.
The PIU accounted for between 20.5% and 75% of participants using the PIUQ-9, while “self-perception” of PIU with a single item revealed estimates from 2% to 60.1%, with gender differences. Systematically, PIU significantly correlated with two variables: borderline personality traits (from .09 at P<.05 to .42 at P<.01) and immature defense mechanisms (from .13 to .42 at P<.01). Dependent, avoidant, narcissistic, histrionic, and antisocial personality traits were positive predictors of PIU and self-esteem, paranoid and schizoid personalities were negative predictors.
This research highlights the many cross-cultural differences. Its design also allows for a better understanding of gender differences.
L’objectif principal de cette étude était de comparer les estimations d’Utilisation Problématique d’Internet (UPI) dans 14 pays à travers le monde, en considérant le genre. Le second objectif était d’explorer les relations entre l’UPI et les variables de personnalité (traits pathologiques, défenses, coping et estime de soi).
Notre échantillon total était composé de 7 726 participants (30,8 % d’hommes, n=2 378), âgés entre 18 et 86 ans (M=25,55 ; DS=9,8). Recrutés en ligne, ils ont complété plusieurs échelles à propos de leurs utilisations d’Internet, leurs défenses et stratégies de coping, leur estime de soi et les traits pathologiques de personnalité.
L’UPI représentait entre 20,5 % et 75 % des participants en utilisant la PIUQ-9, et entre 2 % à 60,1 % en utilisant un item unique d’autoévaluation, avec des différences de genre. Systématiquement, l’UPI était corrélée significativement avec deux variables : les traits limites (de 0,09, p<0,05 à 0,42, p<0,01) et les mécanismes de défense immatures (de 0,13 à 0,42, p<0,01). Les traits dépendants, évitants, narcissiques, histrioniques et antisociaux étaient des prédicteurs positifs de l’UPI ; l’estime de soi, les traits paranoïdes et schizoïdes étaient des prédicteurs négatifs.
Cette recherche met en lumière les nombreuses différences interculturelles. Son design permet également de mieux comprendre certaines différences de genre. |
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AbstractList | The primary objective of this study was to compare the estimates of Problematic Internet Use (PIU) from 14 countries around the world, considering gender. The second objective was to explore the relationships between PIU and personality-related variables (pathological personality traits, defense mechanisms, coping strategies, and self-esteem).
Our total sample consisted of 7726 participants (30.8% male, n=2378), aged between 18 and 86 years old (M=25.55; SD=9.8). Recruited online, they completed several scales about their Internet use, defense mechanisms and coping strategies, self-esteem, and pathological personality traits.
The PIU accounted for between 20.5% and 75% of participants using the PIUQ-9, while “self-perception” of PIU with a single item revealed estimates from 2% to 60.1%, with gender differences. Systematically, PIU significantly correlated with two variables: borderline personality traits (from .09 at P<.05 to .42 at P<.01) and immature defense mechanisms (from .13 to .42 at P<.01). Dependent, avoidant, narcissistic, histrionic, and antisocial personality traits were positive predictors of PIU and self-esteem, paranoid and schizoid personalities were negative predictors.
This research highlights the many cross-cultural differences. Its design also allows for a better understanding of gender differences.
L’objectif principal de cette étude était de comparer les estimations d’Utilisation Problématique d’Internet (UPI) dans 14 pays à travers le monde, en considérant le genre. Le second objectif était d’explorer les relations entre l’UPI et les variables de personnalité (traits pathologiques, défenses, coping et estime de soi).
Notre échantillon total était composé de 7 726 participants (30,8 % d’hommes, n=2 378), âgés entre 18 et 86 ans (M=25,55 ; DS=9,8). Recrutés en ligne, ils ont complété plusieurs échelles à propos de leurs utilisations d’Internet, leurs défenses et stratégies de coping, leur estime de soi et les traits pathologiques de personnalité.
L’UPI représentait entre 20,5 % et 75 % des participants en utilisant la PIUQ-9, et entre 2 % à 60,1 % en utilisant un item unique d’autoévaluation, avec des différences de genre. Systématiquement, l’UPI était corrélée significativement avec deux variables : les traits limites (de 0,09, p<0,05 à 0,42, p<0,01) et les mécanismes de défense immatures (de 0,13 à 0,42, p<0,01). Les traits dépendants, évitants, narcissiques, histrioniques et antisociaux étaient des prédicteurs positifs de l’UPI ; l’estime de soi, les traits paranoïdes et schizoïdes étaient des prédicteurs négatifs.
Cette recherche met en lumière les nombreuses différences interculturelles. Son design permet également de mieux comprendre certaines différences de genre. |
Author | Ramos-Diaz, Jano Männikkö, Niko Ardila, Ruben Vally, Zahir Gnisci, Augusto Lopez-Calle, Claudio Sahlan, Reza Nahid Malik, Sadia Hauck, Simone Sergi, Ida Laconi, Stéphanie Cikrikci, Ozkan Zambrano, Danilo Salas, Gonzalo Kalaitzaki, Argyroula Vintila, Mona Tudorel, Otilia Spritzer, Daniel Tornaim |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Stéphanie surname: Laconi fullname: Laconi, Stéphanie email: stephanielaconi.b@gmail.com organization: Laboratoire CERPPS (Centre d’Études et de Recherches en Psychopathologie et Psychologie de la Santé) - EA 7411 - Université Toulouse 2 Jean Jaurès, UFR de Psychologie, Bureau M153, 5, Allée Antonio Machado, 31058 Toulouse Cedex 9, France – sequence: 2 givenname: Argyroula surname: Kalaitzaki fullname: Kalaitzaki, Argyroula organization: Social Work Department, Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Approaches to the Enhancement of Quality of Life (Quality of Life Lab), Affiliated Researcher of the University Research Centre ‘Institute of AgriFood and Life Sciences’, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Greece – sequence: 3 givenname: Daniel Tornaim surname: Spritzer fullname: Spritzer, Daniel Tornaim organization: Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. Psychodynamic Psychiatry Research Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil – sequence: 4 givenname: Simone surname: Hauck fullname: Hauck, Simone organization: Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. Psychodynamic Psychiatry Research Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil – sequence: 5 givenname: Augusto surname: Gnisci fullname: Gnisci, Augusto organization: Department of Psychology, University of Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, Italy – sequence: 6 givenname: Ida surname: Sergi fullname: Sergi, Ida organization: Department of Psychology, University of Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, Italy – sequence: 7 givenname: Zahir surname: Vally fullname: Vally, Zahir organization: Department of Cognitive Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates – sequence: 8 givenname: Otilia surname: Tudorel fullname: Tudorel, Otilia organization: Department of Psychology, West University of Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania – sequence: 9 givenname: Mona surname: Vintila fullname: Vintila, Mona organization: Department of Psychology, West University of Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania – sequence: 10 givenname: Sadia surname: Malik fullname: Malik, Sadia organization: Department of Psychology, University of Sargodha, Pakistan – sequence: 11 givenname: Jano surname: Ramos-Diaz fullname: Ramos-Diaz, Jano organization: Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Privada del Norte, Peru – sequence: 12 givenname: Niko surname: Männikkö fullname: Männikkö, Niko organization: University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland – sequence: 13 givenname: Ozkan surname: Cikrikci fullname: Cikrikci, Ozkan organization: Department of Psychological Counselling, Faculty of Education, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Turkey – sequence: 14 givenname: Gonzalo surname: Salas fullname: Salas, Gonzalo organization: Académico Departamento de Psicología, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile – sequence: 15 givenname: Ruben surname: Ardila fullname: Ardila, Ruben organization: National University of Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia – sequence: 16 givenname: Danilo surname: Zambrano fullname: Zambrano, Danilo organization: National University of Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia – sequence: 17 givenname: Claudio surname: Lopez-Calle fullname: Lopez-Calle, Claudio organization: Universidad de Cuenca, Ecuador – sequence: 18 givenname: Reza Nahid surname: Sahlan fullname: Sahlan, Reza Nahid organization: Department of Clinical Psychology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Iran |
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Keywords | Cross-cultural Interculturel Estime Personnalité Self-esteem Personality Défenses Internet Coping Defense |
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SubjectTerms | Coping Cross-cultural Defense Défenses Estime Interculturel Internet Personality Personnalité Self-esteem |
Title | A Cross-cultural exploration of problematic Internet use, pathological personality traits, defense mechanisms, coping strategies, and self-esteem in 14 countries |
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