Pressure relief and structure stability mechanism of hard roof for gob-side entry retaining
In order to explore the pressure relief and structure stability mechanism of lateral cantilever structure in the stope under the direct coverage of thick hard roof and its impact on the gob-side entry retaining, a lateral cantilever fractured structural mechanical model was established on the basis...
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| Published in | Journal of Central South University Vol. 22; no. 11; pp. 4445 - 4455 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Changsha
Central South University
01.11.2015
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 2095-2899 2227-5223 |
| DOI | 10.1007/s11771-015-2992-x |
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| Abstract | In order to explore the pressure relief and structure stability mechanism of lateral cantilever structure in the stope under the direct coverage of thick hard roof and its impact on the gob-side entry retaining, a lateral cantilever fractured structural mechanical model was established on the basis of clarification for the stress environment of gob-side entry retaining, and the equation of roof given deformation and the balance judgment for fracture block were obtained. The optimal cantilever length was proposed based on the comparison of roof structural characteristics and the stress, deformation law of surrounding rocks under six different cantilever lengths by numerical simulation method. Double stress peaks exist on the sides of gob-side entry retaining and the entry located in the low stress area. The pressure of gob-side entry retaining can be relieved by reducing the cantilever length. However, due to the impact of arch structure of rock beam, unduly short cantilever would result in insufficient pressure relief and unduly long cantilever would bring larger roof stress which results in intense deformation. Therefore, there is optimal cantilever length, which was 7-8 m in this project that enables to achieve the minimum deformation and the most stabilized rock structure of entry retaining. An engineering case of gob-side entry retaining with the direct coverage of 10 m thick hard limestone roof was put forward, and the measured data verified the reasonability of conclusion. |
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| AbstractList | In order to explore the pressure relief and structure stability mechanism of lateral cantilever structure in the stope under the direct coverage of thick hard roof and its impact on the gob-side entry retaining, a lateral cantilever fractured structural mechanical model was established on the basis of clarification for the stress environment of gob-side entry retaining, and the equation of roof given deformation and the balance judgment for fracture block were obtained. The optimal cantilever length was proposed based on the comparison of roof structural characteristics and the stress, deformation law of surrounding rocks under six different cantilever lengths by numerical simulation method. Double stress peaks exist on the sides of gob-side entry retaining and the entry located in the low stress area. The pressure of gob-side entry retaining can be relieved by reducing the cantilever length. However, due to the impact of arch structure of rock beam, unduly short cantilever would result in insufficient pressure relief and unduly long cantilever would bring larger roof stress which results in intense deformation. Therefore, there is optimal cantilever length, which was 7-8 m in this project that enables to achieve the minimum deformation and the most stabilized rock structure of entry retaining. An engineering case of gob-side entry retaining with the direct coverage of 10 m thick hard limestone roof was put forward, and the measured data verified the reasonability of conclusion. |
| Author | Si, Guang-yao Zhang, Nong Han, Chang-liang Zheng, Xi-gui Li, Bao-yu |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Chang-liang surname: Han fullname: Han, Chang-liang organization: School of Mines, Key Laboratory of Deep Coal Resource Mining of Ministry of Education, China University of Mining and Technology – sequence: 2 givenname: Nong surname: Zhang fullname: Zhang, Nong email: zhangnong@126.com organization: School of Mines, Key Laboratory of Deep Coal Resource Mining of Ministry of Education, China University of Mining and Technology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Safe Mining Techniques of Coal Mines, Hunan University of Science and Technology – sequence: 3 givenname: Bao-yu surname: Li fullname: Li, Bao-yu organization: School of Mines, Key Laboratory of Deep Coal Resource Mining of Ministry of Education, China University of Mining and Technology – sequence: 4 givenname: Guang-yao surname: Si fullname: Si, Guang-yao organization: Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London – sequence: 5 givenname: Xi-gui surname: Zheng fullname: Zheng, Xi-gui organization: School of Mines, Key Laboratory of Deep Coal Resource Mining of Ministry of Education, China University of Mining and Technology |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1016/j.petrol.2007.05.007 10.1016/j.tust.2012.05.005 10.1016/S0148-9062(96)00028-9 10.1007/s00603-011-0216-8 10.1016/j.ssci.2011.09.010 10.1007/s11771-012-1113-3 10.1016/j.tust.2012.05.002 10.1016/j.ijmst.2011.08.007 10.1007/s11771-012-1360-3 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2007.03.004 |
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| Keywords | double stress peaks gob-side entry retaining hard roof pressure relief cantilever length |
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| References | HossainM MRahmanM KNumerical simulation of complex fracture growth during tight reservoir stimulation by hydraulic fracturing [J]Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering20086028610410.1016/j.petrol.2007.05.007 PanYWangZ-qLiA-wuAnalytic solutions of deflection, bending moment and energy change of tight roof of advanced working surface during initial fracture [J]Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering201231132412887188 HeJDouL-mingGradient principle of horizontal stress inducing rock burst in coal mine [J]Journal of Central South University of Technology201219102926293210.1007/s11771-012-1360-3 WuL-xQianM-gWangJ-zhuangThe influence of a thick hard rock stratum on underground mining subsidence [J]International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences199734234134410.1016/S0148-9062(96)00028-9 LiuC-xiaoNumerical simulation of moving features of hard roof with three-dimensional discrete element method and nonlinear dynamic analysis [J]Rock and Soil Mechanics2005265759762 DuanH-fJiangZ-qZhuS-ySunQLiuD-qYangW-fengCentrifuge model tests on rock brusting induced by great depth highly stressed roof strata of weak structural plane [J]Journal of Central South University: Science and Technology201142927742782 FanJDouL-mHeHDuT-tZhangS-bGuiBSunX-linDirectional hydraulic fracturing to control hard-roof rockburst in coal mines [J]International Journal of Mining Science and Technology201222217718110.1016/j.ijmst.2011.08.007 QianM-gShiP-wXuJ-linMine pressure and strata control [M]2010XuzhouChina University of Mining and Technology Press WangJ-aLiD-zShangX-chunCreep failure of roof stratum above mined-out area [J]Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering201245453354610.1007/s00603-011-0216-8 WangJ-gWangGangDiscussion on gateway retained along goaf technology with roof breaking and pressure releasing [J]Coal Engineering201212426 HeJDouL-mCaoA-yGongS-y L J-weiRock burst induced by roof breakage and its prevention [J]Journal of Central South University of Technology20121941086109110.1007/s11771-012-1113-3 WangKKangT-hLiH-tHanW-meiStudy of control caving methods and reasonable hanging roof length on hard roof [J]Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering2009281123202327 HeHDouL-mFanJDuT-tSunX-linDeep-hole directional fracturing of thick hard roof for rockburst prevention [J]Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology201232344310.1016/j.tust.2012.05.002 SunH-hZhaoB-liTheory and practice of gob-side entry retaining [M]1993BeijingChina Coal Industry Publishing House ZhangNYuanLHanC-lXueJ-hKanJ-guangStability and deformation of surrounding rock in pillarless gob-side entry retaining [J]Safety Science201250459359910.1016/j.ssci.2011.09.010 HidalgoK PNordlundEFailure process analysis of spalling failure-Comparison of laboratory test and numerical modelling data[J]Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology201232667710.1016/j.tust.2012.05.005 VillaescusaEVardenRHassellRQuantifying the performance of resin anchored rock bolts in the Australian underground hard rock mining industry [J]International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences20084519410210.1016/j.ijrmms.2007.03.004 XuYLiuY-sFuJ-gZongQiThe blasting grouting in weak-layer zones: theory and practice [M]Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China Press20083952 QianM-gMiaoX-xingThe oretical analysis on the structural form and stability of overlying strata in longwall mining [J]Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanical and Engineering199514297106 ZhangJieStudy on forced roof caving to hard roof by deep-hole pre-blasting in shallow coal seam [J]Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering2012293339343 H-f Duan (2992_CR6) 2011; 42 H He (2992_CR13) 2012; 32 M-g Qian (2992_CR7) 2010 M M Hossain (2992_CR15) 2008; 60 J-a Wang (2992_CR8) 2012; 45 K P Hidalgo (2992_CR11) 2012; 32 K Wang (2992_CR16) 2009; 28 L-x Wu (2992_CR5) 1997; 34 J He (2992_CR10) 2012; 19 H-h Sun (2992_CR1) 1993 C-xiao Liu (2992_CR4) 2005; 26 E Villaescusa (2992_CR12) 2008; 45 M-g Qian (2992_CR19) 1995; 14 Y Pan (2992_CR3) 2012; 31 Y Xu (2992_CR20) 2008 N Zhang (2992_CR2) 2012; 50 Jie Zhang (2992_CR17) 2012; 29 J-g Wang (2992_CR18) 2012; 1 J He (2992_CR9) 2012; 19 J Fan (2992_CR14) 2012; 22 |
| References_xml | – reference: QianM-gShiP-wXuJ-linMine pressure and strata control [M]2010XuzhouChina University of Mining and Technology Press – reference: HidalgoK PNordlundEFailure process analysis of spalling failure-Comparison of laboratory test and numerical modelling data[J]Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology201232667710.1016/j.tust.2012.05.005 – reference: ZhangJieStudy on forced roof caving to hard roof by deep-hole pre-blasting in shallow coal seam [J]Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering2012293339343 – reference: VillaescusaEVardenRHassellRQuantifying the performance of resin anchored rock bolts in the Australian underground hard rock mining industry [J]International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences20084519410210.1016/j.ijrmms.2007.03.004 – reference: LiuC-xiaoNumerical simulation of moving features of hard roof with three-dimensional discrete element method and nonlinear dynamic analysis [J]Rock and Soil Mechanics2005265759762 – reference: PanYWangZ-qLiA-wuAnalytic solutions of deflection, bending moment and energy change of tight roof of advanced working surface during initial fracture [J]Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering201231132412887188 – reference: HeJDouL-mCaoA-yGongS-y L J-weiRock burst induced by roof breakage and its prevention [J]Journal of Central South University of Technology20121941086109110.1007/s11771-012-1113-3 – reference: ZhangNYuanLHanC-lXueJ-hKanJ-guangStability and deformation of surrounding rock in pillarless gob-side entry retaining [J]Safety Science201250459359910.1016/j.ssci.2011.09.010 – reference: FanJDouL-mHeHDuT-tZhangS-bGuiBSunX-linDirectional hydraulic fracturing to control hard-roof rockburst in coal mines [J]International Journal of Mining Science and Technology201222217718110.1016/j.ijmst.2011.08.007 – reference: QianM-gMiaoX-xingThe oretical analysis on the structural form and stability of overlying strata in longwall mining [J]Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanical and Engineering199514297106 – reference: HeJDouL-mingGradient principle of horizontal stress inducing rock burst in coal mine [J]Journal of Central South University of Technology201219102926293210.1007/s11771-012-1360-3 – reference: HeHDouL-mFanJDuT-tSunX-linDeep-hole directional fracturing of thick hard roof for rockburst prevention [J]Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology201232344310.1016/j.tust.2012.05.002 – reference: SunH-hZhaoB-liTheory and practice of gob-side entry retaining [M]1993BeijingChina Coal Industry Publishing House – reference: WuL-xQianM-gWangJ-zhuangThe influence of a thick hard rock stratum on underground mining subsidence [J]International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences199734234134410.1016/S0148-9062(96)00028-9 – reference: XuYLiuY-sFuJ-gZongQiThe blasting grouting in weak-layer zones: theory and practice [M]Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China Press20083952 – reference: WangKKangT-hLiH-tHanW-meiStudy of control caving methods and reasonable hanging roof length on hard roof [J]Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering2009281123202327 – reference: DuanH-fJiangZ-qZhuS-ySunQLiuD-qYangW-fengCentrifuge model tests on rock brusting induced by great depth highly stressed roof strata of weak structural plane [J]Journal of Central South University: Science and Technology201142927742782 – reference: HossainM MRahmanM KNumerical simulation of complex fracture growth during tight reservoir stimulation by hydraulic fracturing [J]Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering20086028610410.1016/j.petrol.2007.05.007 – reference: WangJ-gWangGangDiscussion on gateway retained along goaf technology with roof breaking and pressure releasing [J]Coal Engineering201212426 – reference: WangJ-aLiD-zShangX-chunCreep failure of roof stratum above mined-out area [J]Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering201245453354610.1007/s00603-011-0216-8 – volume: 60 start-page: 86 issue: 2 year: 2008 ident: 2992_CR15 publication-title: Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering doi: 10.1016/j.petrol.2007.05.007 – volume: 31 start-page: 32 issue: 1 year: 2012 ident: 2992_CR3 publication-title: Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering – volume: 26 start-page: 759 issue: 5 year: 2005 ident: 2992_CR4 publication-title: Rock and Soil Mechanics – volume: 32 start-page: 66 year: 2012 ident: 2992_CR11 publication-title: Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology doi: 10.1016/j.tust.2012.05.005 – volume: 1 start-page: 24 year: 2012 ident: 2992_CR18 publication-title: Coal Engineering – volume: 34 start-page: 341 issue: 2 year: 1997 ident: 2992_CR5 publication-title: International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences doi: 10.1016/S0148-9062(96)00028-9 – volume: 45 start-page: 533 issue: 4 year: 2012 ident: 2992_CR8 publication-title: Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering doi: 10.1007/s00603-011-0216-8 – volume: 50 start-page: 593 issue: 4 year: 2012 ident: 2992_CR2 publication-title: Safety Science doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2011.09.010 – volume: 19 start-page: 1086 issue: 4 year: 2012 ident: 2992_CR9 publication-title: Journal of Central South University of Technology doi: 10.1007/s11771-012-1113-3 – volume: 32 start-page: 34 year: 2012 ident: 2992_CR13 publication-title: Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology doi: 10.1016/j.tust.2012.05.002 – volume: 22 start-page: 177 issue: 2 year: 2012 ident: 2992_CR14 publication-title: International Journal of Mining Science and Technology doi: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2011.08.007 – volume: 42 start-page: 2774 issue: 9 year: 2011 ident: 2992_CR6 publication-title: Journal of Central South University: Science and Technology – volume: 29 start-page: 339 issue: 3 year: 2012 ident: 2992_CR17 publication-title: Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering – volume: 14 start-page: 97 issue: 2 year: 1995 ident: 2992_CR19 publication-title: Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanical and Engineering – volume-title: Theory and practice of gob-side entry retaining [M] year: 1993 ident: 2992_CR1 – volume: 28 start-page: 2320 issue: 11 year: 2009 ident: 2992_CR16 publication-title: Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering – start-page: 39 volume-title: Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China Press year: 2008 ident: 2992_CR20 – volume-title: Mine pressure and strata control [M] year: 2010 ident: 2992_CR7 – volume: 19 start-page: 2926 issue: 10 year: 2012 ident: 2992_CR10 publication-title: Journal of Central South University of Technology doi: 10.1007/s11771-012-1360-3 – volume: 45 start-page: 94 issue: 1 year: 2008 ident: 2992_CR12 publication-title: International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences doi: 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2007.03.004 |
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