Motion analysis in 3D DCT domain and its application to video coding
Global, constant-velocity, translational motion in an image sequence induces a characteristic energy footprint in the Fourier-transform (FT) domain; spectrum is limited to a plane with orientation defined by the direction of motion. By detecting these spectral occupancy planes, methods have been pro...
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| Published in | Signal processing. Image communication Vol. 20; no. 6; pp. 510 - 528 |
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| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Amsterdam
Elsevier B.V
01.07.2005
Elsevier |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0923-5965 1879-2677 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.image.2005.03.007 |
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| Abstract | Global, constant-velocity, translational motion in an image sequence induces a characteristic energy footprint in the Fourier-transform (FT) domain; spectrum is limited to a plane with orientation defined by the direction of motion. By detecting these spectral occupancy planes, methods have been proposed to estimate such global motion. Since the discrete cosine transform (DCT) is a ubiquitous tool of all video compression standards to date, we investigate in this paper properties of motion in the DCT domain. We show that global, constant-velocity, translational motion in an image sequence induces in the DCT domain spectral occupancy planes, similarly to the FT domain. Unlike in the FT case, however, these planes are subject to spectral folding. Based on this analysis, we propose a motion estimation method in the DCT domain, and we show that results comparable to standard block matching can be obtained. Moreover, by realizing that significant energy in the DCT domain concentrates around a folded plane, we propose a new approach to video compression. The approach is based on 3D DCT applied to a group of frames, followed by motion-adaptive scanning of DCT coefficients (akin to “zig-zag” scanning in MPEG coders), their adaptive quantization, and final entropy coding. We discuss the design of the complete 3D DCT coder and we carry out a performance comparison of the new coder with ubiquitous hybrid coders. |
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| AbstractList | Global, constant-velocity, translational motion in an image sequence induces a characteristic energy footprint in the Fourier-transform (FT) domain; spectrum is limited to a plane with orientation defined by the direction of motion. By detecting these spectral occupancy planes, methods have been proposed to estimate such global motion. Since the discrete cosine transform (DCT) is a ubiquitous tool of all video compression standards to date, we investigate in this paper properties of motion in the DCT domain. We show that global, constant-velocity, translational motion in an image sequence induces in the DCT domain spectral occupancy planes, similarly to the FT domain. Unlike in the FT case, however, these planes are subject to spectral folding. Based on this analysis, we propose a motion estimation method in the DCT domain, and we show that results comparable to standard block matching can be obtained. Moreover, by realizing that significant energy in the DCT domain concentrates around a folded plane, we propose a new approach to video compression. The approach is based on 3D DCT applied to a group of frames, followed by motion-adaptive scanning of DCT coefficients (akin to “zig-zag” scanning in MPEG coders), their adaptive quantization, and final entropy coding. We discuss the design of the complete 3D DCT coder and we carry out a performance comparison of the new coder with ubiquitous hybrid coders. |
| Author | Božinović, Nikola Konrad, Janusz |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1006/jvci.1997.0365 10.1109/PROC.1985.13182 10.1109/83.334985 10.1109/TIP.2003.819433 10.1109/83.743851 10.1109/T-C.1974.223784 10.1016/S0734-189X(87)80152-4 10.1109/2945.468390 10.1109/ICASSP.1988.196787 10.1117/12.503324 10.1109/TCSVT.2003.815173 10.1007/BF00133568 10.1109/DCC.1999.755690 10.1109/ICIP.2002.1039942 10.1016/0096-3003(85)90008-6 10.1109/ICASSP.2001.941289 10.1109/83.334984 |
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| Keywords | Video coding Coefficient scanning DCT Coefficient quantization 3D transform coding Motion analysis Discrete cosine transform Performance evaluation Signal compression Fourier transformation Image processing Data compression Adaptive method Video signal processing Block matching Image coding Energy characteristic Signal quantization Image sequence Motion detection Discrete cosine transforms Spectral method Motion estimation Entropy codes Image compression Translation motion Transform coding Signal processing |
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| SubjectTerms | 3D transform coding Applied sciences Coding, codes Coefficient quantization Coefficient scanning DCT Discrete cosine transform Exact sciences and technology Image processing Information, signal and communications theory Motion analysis Sampling, quantization Signal and communications theory Signal processing Telecommunications and information theory Video coding |
| Title | Motion analysis in 3D DCT domain and its application to video coding |
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