Dynamically Triggered Damage Around Rock Tunnels: An Experimental and Theoretical Investigation
Dynamic impact experiments based on high-speed photography and digital image correlation (DIC) techniques were carried out on sandstone specimens containing arched holes to investigate the effect of the incident angle. In addition, the complex function method based on conformal mapping was used to t...
Saved in:
| Published in | Applied sciences Vol. 15; no. 14; p. 7716 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Basel
MDPI AG
01.07.2025
|
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 2076-3417 2076-3417 |
| DOI | 10.3390/app15147716 |
Cover
| Abstract | Dynamic impact experiments based on high-speed photography and digital image correlation (DIC) techniques were carried out on sandstone specimens containing arched holes to investigate the effect of the incident angle. In addition, the complex function method based on conformal mapping was used to theoretically calculate the transient dynamic stress distributions around the arched holes. The test results indicated that the strength and modulus of elasticity of the specimens under dynamic impact decreased and then increased with the increase of the inclination angle of the holes from 0 to 90° at intervals of 15°, reaching a minimum value at 60°, due to the large stress concentration at this angle leading to the shear failure of the specimen. During the experiment, rock debris ejections, spalling, and heaving were observed around the holes, and the rock debris ejections served as an indicator to identify the early fracture. The damage mechanism around the holes was revealed theoretically, i.e., the considerable compressive stress concentration in the perpendicular incidence direction around the arched hole and the tensile stress concentration on the incidence side led to the initiation of the damage around the cavity, and the theoretical results were in satisfactory agreement with the experimental results. In addition, the effect of the initial stress on the dynamic response of the arched tunnel was discussed. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Dynamic impact experiments based on high-speed photography and digital image correlation (DIC) techniques were carried out on sandstone specimens containing arched holes to investigate the effect of the incident angle. In addition, the complex function method based on conformal mapping was used to theoretically calculate the transient dynamic stress distributions around the arched holes. The test results indicated that the strength and modulus of elasticity of the specimens under dynamic impact decreased and then increased with the increase of the inclination angle of the holes from 0 to 90° at intervals of 15°, reaching a minimum value at 60°, due to the large stress concentration at this angle leading to the shear failure of the specimen. During the experiment, rock debris ejections, spalling, and heaving were observed around the holes, and the rock debris ejections served as an indicator to identify the early fracture. The damage mechanism around the holes was revealed theoretically, i.e., the considerable compressive stress concentration in the perpendicular incidence direction around the arched hole and the tensile stress concentration on the incidence side led to the initiation of the damage around the cavity, and the theoretical results were in satisfactory agreement with the experimental results. In addition, the effect of the initial stress on the dynamic response of the arched tunnel was discussed. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Wang, Wanlu Tao, Ming Ding, Wenjun Zhao, Rui |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Wanlu surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Wanlu – sequence: 2 givenname: Ming surname: Tao fullname: Tao, Ming – sequence: 3 givenname: Wenjun surname: Ding fullname: Ding, Wenjun – sequence: 4 givenname: Rui surname: Zhao fullname: Zhao, Rui |
| BookMark | eNpNkU9rGzEQxUVJoYmbU7-AIMfgRH9XUm8mSRtDoLT4LibS7HadtbTVrkP97avEoUQ6aBiefryZd0ZOUk5IyBfOrqR07BrGkWuujOHNB3IqmGmWUnFz8q7-RM6nacvqcVxazk6Jvz0k2PUBhuFAN6XvOiwY6S3soEO6KnmfIv2VwxPd7FPCYfpKV4ne_R2x9DtMMwwUqmLzG3PB-YVD1-kZp7nvYO5z-kw-tjBMeP72LsjPb3ebm_vlw4_v65vVwzLIRs5L_miV1A0HaYxxTnCuGyGCiq2IGCKAYspwMG3QSjsHrRYuQgwS3KNckPWRGTNs_ViNQTn4DL1_beTSeSjV24C-sS2z4BRDHRTXYBsmkDfKKWOjUKayLo6sseQ_-zqH3-Z9SdW6l0JKppyxoqqujqoOKrRPbZ4LhHoj1l3WWNq-9ldW10ULW0dbkMvjh1DyNBVs_9vkzL-k59-lJ_8BoC6M3A |
| Cites_doi | 10.1016/j.jrmge.2022.11.021 10.1016/j.eml.2021.101506 10.1016/j.tust.2020.103334 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2018.11.028 10.1007/s11440-021-01196-8 10.1016/0165-2125(82)90025-7 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2011.10.004 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2014.11.001 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2018.10.021 10.1115/1.3423178 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2018.10.029 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2024.110602 10.1177/10567895221107709 10.1016/j.compgeo.2019.103358 10.1007/s00603-020-02197-x 10.1016/j.tust.2014.09.014 10.1016/j.tafmec.2019.102433 10.1016/j.tust.2010.04.004 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2010.01.005 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2023.105442 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2007.08.013 10.1007/s00603-017-1343-7 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2014.01.007 10.1016/j.tust.2018.09.020 10.1016/j.tust.2016.01.028 10.1016/j.undsp.2023.08.010 10.3724/SP.J.1235.2012.00097 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2018.10.010 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2019.01.001 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9845(200005)29:5<683::AID-EQE932>3.0.CO;2-1 10.1007/s00603-022-03151-9 10.1007/s00707-022-03169-8 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2019.105084 10.1016/j.tafmec.2020.102702 10.1016/j.soildyn.2021.106586 10.1007/s00603-022-03170-6 10.1007/s11771-024-5737-x 10.1016/j.tust.2019.103183 10.1007/s00603-013-0463-y 10.1007/s40948-023-00563-x 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2009.09.007 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2013.12.017 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2012.05.001 10.1016/j.soildyn.2020.106088 10.1007/s10064-023-03114-6 10.1007/s00603-021-02542-8 10.1016/j.tafmec.2023.103948 10.1016/j.tust.2015.10.006 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | COPYRIGHT 2025 MDPI AG 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: COPYRIGHT 2025 MDPI AG – notice: 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION ABUWG AFKRA AZQEC BENPR CCPQU DWQXO PHGZM PHGZT PIMPY PKEHL PQEST PQQKQ PQUKI PRINS DOA |
| DOI | 10.3390/app15147716 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef ProQuest Central (Alumni) ProQuest Central UK/Ireland ProQuest Central Essentials ProQuest Central ProQuest One Community College ProQuest Central ProQuest Central Premium ProQuest One Academic (New) Publicly Available Content Database ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE) ProQuest One Academic ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest Central China DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef Publicly Available Content Database ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest Central Essentials ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition) ProQuest One Community College ProQuest Central China ProQuest Central ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest Central Korea ProQuest Central (New) ProQuest One Academic ProQuest One Academic (New) |
| DatabaseTitleList | CrossRef Publicly Available Content Database |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: DOA name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals url: https://www.doaj.org/ sourceTypes: Open Website – sequence: 2 dbid: BENPR name: ProQuest Central url: http://www.proquest.com/pqcentral?accountid=15518 sourceTypes: Aggregation Database |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Engineering Sciences (General) |
| EISSN | 2076-3417 |
| ExternalDocumentID | oai_doaj_org_article_68f08a940e5c415a8602e1649478d247 A850092884 10_3390_app15147716 |
| GroupedDBID | .4S 2XV 5VS 7XC 8CJ 8FE 8FG 8FH AADQD AAFWJ AAYXX ADBBV ADMLS AFKRA AFPKN AFZYC ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS APEBS ARCSS BCNDV BENPR CCPQU CITATION CZ9 D1I D1J D1K GROUPED_DOAJ IAO IGS ITC K6- K6V KC. KQ8 L6V LK5 LK8 M7R MODMG M~E OK1 P62 PHGZM PHGZT PIMPY PROAC PUEGO TUS ABUWG AZQEC DWQXO PKEHL PQEST PQQKQ PQUKI PRINS |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c363t-1b843561a3777992115622c4df2decdaa40471a7fc54599af529dadc3a9b3 |
| IEDL.DBID | BENPR |
| ISSN | 2076-3417 |
| IngestDate | Wed Aug 27 01:24:15 EDT 2025 Fri Jul 25 19:11:52 EDT 2025 Tue Aug 05 03:50:39 EDT 2025 Wed Sep 10 05:49:04 EDT 2025 |
| IsDoiOpenAccess | true |
| IsOpenAccess | true |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 14 |
| Language | English |
| License | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c363t-1b843561a3777992115622c4df2decdaa40471a7fc54599af529dadc3a9b3 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 |
| OpenAccessLink | https://www.proquest.com/docview/3233049782?pq-origsite=%requestingapplication%&accountid=15518 |
| PQID | 3233049782 |
| PQPubID | 2032433 |
| ParticipantIDs | doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_68f08a940e5c415a8602e1649478d247 proquest_journals_3233049782 gale_infotracacademiconefile_A850092884 crossref_primary_10_3390_app15147716 |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2025-07-01 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2025-07-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 07 year: 2025 text: 2025-07-01 day: 01 |
| PublicationDecade | 2020 |
| PublicationPlace | Basel |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: Basel |
| PublicationTitle | Applied sciences |
| PublicationYear | 2025 |
| Publisher | MDPI AG |
| Publisher_xml | – name: MDPI AG |
| References | Pao (ref_2) 1973; 40 Ma (ref_12) 2023; 126 Mitelman (ref_45) 2016; 51 Zou (ref_8) 2021; 49 Penzien (ref_4) 2000; 29 Zhu (ref_46) 2014; 67 Zhou (ref_25) 2012; 49 Siren (ref_1) 2015; 73 Hong (ref_40) 2023; 82 Zhao (ref_17) 2022; 31 Liu (ref_28) 2019; 205 He (ref_43) 2012; 2012 Ai (ref_23) 2019; 126 ref_22 Hu (ref_49) 2020; 53 Zhao (ref_6) 2020; 109 Su (ref_31) 2023; 15 Lu (ref_3) 2019; 83 Zhao (ref_51) 2024; 31 Wu (ref_35) 2019; 163 Li (ref_48) 2010; 47 Xu (ref_7) 2023; 9 Gu (ref_50) 2023; 56 Li (ref_19) 2020; 96 Wu (ref_30) 2021; 38 Li (ref_16) 2020; 225 ref_33 Zhang (ref_11) 2014; 47 Liu (ref_37) 1982; 4 Wang (ref_36) 2022; 233 Qiu (ref_15) 2023; 169 Wu (ref_34) 2020; 105 Zhu (ref_29) 2022; 17 Lisjak (ref_18) 2015; 45 Zhu (ref_42) 2010; 25 Li (ref_24) 2008; 45 He (ref_47) 2014; 67 Xiang (ref_38) 2023; 15 Tsinidis (ref_41) 2020; 99 Jiang (ref_44) 2021; 54 Sun (ref_5) 2020; 118 Lu (ref_39) 2012; 53 Zhang (ref_9) 2021; 142 Li (ref_32) 2018; 112 Feng (ref_20) 2019; 205 Li (ref_26) 2020; 132 Li (ref_21) 2016; 54 Ma (ref_13) 2022; 56 Zhang (ref_10) 2024; 312 Weng (ref_14) 2018; 51 Mohr (ref_27) 2010; 37 |
| References_xml | – volume: 15 start-page: 2083 year: 2023 ident: ref_31 article-title: Spalling failure of deep hard rock caverns publication-title: J. Rock Mech. Geotech. Eng. doi: 10.1016/j.jrmge.2022.11.021 – volume: 49 start-page: 101506 year: 2021 ident: ref_8 article-title: Why are tensile cracks suppressed under dynamic loading?—Transition strain rate for failure mode publication-title: Extrem. Mech. Lett. doi: 10.1016/j.eml.2021.101506 – volume: 99 start-page: 103334 year: 2020 ident: ref_41 article-title: Seismic behaviour of tunnels: From experiments to analysis publication-title: Tunn. Undergr. Space Technol. doi: 10.1016/j.tust.2020.103334 – volume: 205 start-page: 205 year: 2019 ident: ref_28 article-title: Experimental study on the strength and fracture mechanism of sandstone containing elliptical holes and fissures under uniaxial compression publication-title: Eng. Fract. Mech. doi: 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2018.11.028 – volume: 17 start-page: 131 year: 2022 ident: ref_29 article-title: Failure characteristics of brittle rock containing two rectangular holes under uniaxial compression and coupled static-dynamic loads publication-title: Acta Geotech. doi: 10.1007/s11440-021-01196-8 – volume: 4 start-page: 293 year: 1982 ident: ref_37 article-title: Applications of the method of complex functions to dynamic stress concentrations publication-title: Wave Motion doi: 10.1016/0165-2125(82)90025-7 – volume: 49 start-page: 105 year: 2012 ident: ref_25 article-title: Suggested methods for determining the dynamic strength parameters and mode-I fracture toughness of rock materials publication-title: Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2011.10.004 – volume: 73 start-page: 165 year: 2015 ident: ref_1 article-title: Considerations and observations of stress-induced and construction-induced excavation damage zone in crystalline rock publication-title: Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2014.11.001 – volume: 225 start-page: 106195 year: 2020 ident: ref_16 article-title: Mechanical and failure properties of rocks with a cavity under coupled static and dynamic loads publication-title: Eng. Fract. Mech. doi: 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2018.10.021 – volume: 40 start-page: 213 year: 1973 ident: ref_2 article-title: The Diffraction of Elastic Waves and Dynamic Stress Concentration publication-title: J. Appl. Mech. doi: 10.1115/1.3423178 – volume: 112 start-page: 323 year: 2018 ident: ref_32 article-title: Influence of wavelength-to-tunnel-diameter ratio on dynamic response of underground tunnels subjected to blasting loads publication-title: Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2018.10.029 – volume: 312 start-page: 110602 year: 2024 ident: ref_10 article-title: Study on dynamic mechanical characteristics of specimens with cavity under prestressing conditions publication-title: Eng. Fract. Mech. doi: 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2024.110602 – volume: 31 start-page: 1533 year: 2022 ident: ref_17 article-title: Experimental investigation on dynamic mechanical properties and fracture evolution behavior of the underground openings with excavation damaged zones publication-title: Int. J. Damage Mech. doi: 10.1177/10567895221107709 – volume: 118 start-page: 103358 year: 2020 ident: ref_5 article-title: Nonlinear dynamic response and damage analysis of hydraulic arched tunnels subjected to P waves with arbitrary incoming angles publication-title: Comput. Geotech. doi: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2019.103358 – volume: 53 start-page: 4857 year: 2020 ident: ref_49 article-title: Rock Damage and Energy Balance of Strainbursts Induced by Low Frequency Seismic Disturbance at High Static Stress publication-title: Rock Mech. Rock Eng. doi: 10.1007/s00603-020-02197-x – volume: 45 start-page: 227 year: 2015 ident: ref_18 article-title: The excavation of a circular tunnel in a bedded argillaceous rock (Opalinus Clay): Short-term rock mass response and FDEM numerical analysis publication-title: Tunn. Undergr. Space Technol. doi: 10.1016/j.tust.2014.09.014 – volume: 105 start-page: 102433 year: 2020 ident: ref_34 article-title: Mechanical properties and fracture characteristics of pre-holed rocks subjected to uniaxial loading: A comparative analysis of five hole shapes publication-title: Theor. Appl. Fract. Mech. doi: 10.1016/j.tafmec.2019.102433 – volume: 25 start-page: 587 year: 2010 ident: ref_42 article-title: Numerical simulation on rockburst of underground opening triggered by dynamic disturbance publication-title: Tunn. Undergr. Space Technol. doi: 10.1016/j.tust.2010.04.004 – volume: 47 start-page: 396 year: 2010 ident: ref_48 article-title: A new energy-absorbing bolt for rock support in high stress rock masses publication-title: Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2010.01.005 – volume: 38 start-page: 1111 year: 2021 ident: ref_30 article-title: Experimental study of dynamic mechanical response and energy dissipation of rock having a circular opening under impact loading publication-title: Min. Metall. Explor. – volume: 169 start-page: 105442 year: 2023 ident: ref_15 article-title: Dynamic response and rockburst characteristics of underground cavern with unexposed joint publication-title: Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2023.105442 – volume: 45 start-page: 739 year: 2008 ident: ref_24 article-title: Innovative testing technique of rock subjected to coupled static and dynamic loads publication-title: Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2007.08.013 – volume: 51 start-page: 531 year: 2018 ident: ref_14 article-title: Fracture Evolution Around a Cavity in Brittle Rock Under Uniaxial Compression and Coupled Static–Dynamic Loads publication-title: Rock Mech. Rock Eng. doi: 10.1007/s00603-017-1343-7 – volume: 67 start-page: 29 year: 2014 ident: ref_47 article-title: Development of a novel energy-absorbing bolt with extraordinarily large elongation and constant resistance publication-title: Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2014.01.007 – volume: 83 start-page: 393 year: 2019 ident: ref_3 article-title: Particle velocity response of surrounding rock of a circular tunnel subjected to cylindrical P-waves publication-title: Tunn. Undergr. Space Technol. doi: 10.1016/j.tust.2018.09.020 – volume: 54 start-page: 61 year: 2016 ident: ref_21 article-title: Numerical investigation on fracturing behaviors of deep-buried opening under dynamic disturbance publication-title: Tunn. Undergr. Space Technol. doi: 10.1016/j.tust.2016.01.028 – volume: 15 start-page: 113 year: 2023 ident: ref_38 article-title: Dynamic response of water-rich tunnel subjected to plane P wave considering excavation induced damage zone publication-title: Undergr. Space doi: 10.1016/j.undsp.2023.08.010 – volume: 2012 start-page: 97 year: 2012 ident: ref_43 article-title: Studies on classification, criteria and control of rockbursts publication-title: J. Rock Mech. Geotech. Eng. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1235.2012.00097 – volume: 205 start-page: 152 year: 2019 ident: ref_20 article-title: Modeling hard rock failure induced by structural planes around deep circular tunnels publication-title: Eng. Fract. Mech. doi: 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2018.10.010 – volume: 126 start-page: 135 year: 2019 ident: ref_23 article-title: Experimental and numerical investigation of crack propagation and dynamic properties of rock in SHPB indirect tension test publication-title: Int. J. Impact Eng. doi: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2019.01.001 – volume: 29 start-page: 683 year: 2000 ident: ref_4 article-title: Seismically induced racking of tunnel linings publication-title: Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9845(200005)29:5<683::AID-EQE932>3.0.CO;2-1 – volume: 56 start-page: 1779 year: 2023 ident: ref_50 article-title: Excavation stress path induced fracturing mechanism of hard rock in deep tunnel publication-title: Rock Mech. Rock Eng. doi: 10.1007/s00603-022-03151-9 – volume: 233 start-page: 1455 year: 2022 ident: ref_36 article-title: Dynamic stress concentration of a non-circular cavern in a viscoelastic medium subjected to a plane P-wave publication-title: Acta Mech. doi: 10.1007/s00707-022-03169-8 – volume: 163 start-page: 105084 year: 2019 ident: ref_35 article-title: Investigation of cracking behavior and mechanism of sandstone specimens with a hole under compression publication-title: Int. J. Mech. Sci. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2019.105084 – volume: 109 start-page: 102702 year: 2020 ident: ref_6 article-title: Dynamics fracture characteristics of cylindrically-bored granodiorite rocks under different hole size and initial stress state publication-title: Theor. Appl. Fract. Mech. doi: 10.1016/j.tafmec.2020.102702 – volume: 142 start-page: 106586 year: 2021 ident: ref_9 article-title: Effect of imperfect interfaces on dynamic response of a composite lining tunnel with an isolation layer under plane P and SV waves publication-title: Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng. doi: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2021.106586 – volume: 56 start-page: 2271 year: 2022 ident: ref_13 article-title: Dynamic Damage and Failure of Layered Sandstone with Pre-cracked Hole Under Combined Cyclic Impact and Static Loads publication-title: Rock Mech. Rock Eng. doi: 10.1007/s00603-022-03170-6 – volume: 31 start-page: 2321 year: 2024 ident: ref_51 article-title: Blasting induced dynamic stress concentration and failure characteristics of deep-buried rock tunnel publication-title: J. Cent. S. Univ. doi: 10.1007/s11771-024-5737-x – volume: 96 start-page: 103183 year: 2020 ident: ref_19 article-title: Modeling transient excavation-induced dynamic responses in rock mass using an elasto-plastic cellular automaton publication-title: Tunn. Undergr. Space Technol. doi: 10.1016/j.tust.2019.103183 – volume: 47 start-page: 1411 year: 2014 ident: ref_11 article-title: A Review of Dynamic Experimental Techniques and Mechanical Behaviour of Rock Materials publication-title: Rock Mech. Rock Eng. doi: 10.1007/s00603-013-0463-y – ident: ref_33 – volume: 9 start-page: 17 year: 2023 ident: ref_7 article-title: Dynamic failure characteristics of surrounding rocks under different lateral pressure coefficients in deep tunnel transient excavation publication-title: Geomech. Geophys. Geo-Energy Geo-Resour. doi: 10.1007/s40948-023-00563-x – volume: 37 start-page: 161 year: 2010 ident: ref_27 article-title: Evaluation of stress–strain curve estimates in dynamic experiments publication-title: Int. J. Impact Eng. doi: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2009.09.007 – volume: 67 start-page: 88 year: 2014 ident: ref_46 article-title: Study on the mechanism of zonal disintegration around an excavation publication-title: Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2013.12.017 – volume: 53 start-page: 129 year: 2012 ident: ref_39 article-title: Dynamic response of rock mass induced by the transient release of in-situ stress publication-title: Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2012.05.001 – volume: 132 start-page: 106088 year: 2020 ident: ref_26 article-title: Experimental evaluation on rock failure mechanism with combined flaws in a connected geometry under coupled static-dynamic loads publication-title: Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng. doi: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2020.106088 – volume: 82 start-page: 155 year: 2023 ident: ref_40 article-title: The spatial distribution of excavation damaged zone around underground roadways during blasting excavation publication-title: Bull. Eng. Geol. Environ. doi: 10.1007/s10064-023-03114-6 – ident: ref_22 – volume: 54 start-page: 5577 year: 2021 ident: ref_44 article-title: Experimental Study on the Failure Characteristics of Granite Subjected to Weak Dynamic Disturbance Under Different σ3 Conditions publication-title: Rock Mech. Rock Eng. doi: 10.1007/s00603-021-02542-8 – volume: 126 start-page: 103948 year: 2023 ident: ref_12 article-title: Subcritical crack growth and fracture behavior of three rocks containing quartz under wet and dry conditions publication-title: Theor. Appl. Fract. Mech. doi: 10.1016/j.tafmec.2023.103948 – volume: 51 start-page: 354 year: 2016 ident: ref_45 article-title: Analysis of tunnel support design to withstand spalling induced by blasting publication-title: Tunn. Undergr. Space Technol. doi: 10.1016/j.tust.2015.10.006 |
| SSID | ssj0000913810 |
| Score | 2.3267927 |
| Snippet | Dynamic impact experiments based on high-speed photography and digital image correlation (DIC) techniques were carried out on sandstone specimens containing... |
| SourceID | doaj proquest gale crossref |
| SourceType | Open Website Aggregation Database Index Database |
| StartPage | 7716 |
| SubjectTerms | arched tunnel conformal mapping Deformation Digital photography dynamic failure analysis dynamic stress distribution Engineering Experiments Failure Measurement techniques Mechanical properties Numerical analysis Photography Strain gauges Stress concentration Test systems Tunnels |
| SummonAdditionalLinks | – databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals dbid: DOA link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1NS8QwEA2yJz2In7h-kYOgHoptkzaJt9VdEUFBWWFvYZqkXtauuOvBf-9M29VexIvXEsow05l5kybvMXaCY4_JtSqjOAt5JEvlIy0KHzkPCOUIsDraGrh_yG-f5d0km3SkvuhMWEMP3DjuItdlrMHIOGQOmw2QZlJAjG-k0j6V9T3y2MSdYaquwSYh6qrmQh6aE9P_YGxuUilSNu-0oJqp_7d6XDeZmw223qJDPmis2mQrodpiax3OwC222WbjnJ-1lNHn28wOG2F5mE4_-RgH7heS4ORDeMVyga8j7ST-hKWPjz_oYMv8kg8qPuqw-3PAFeOfW428Q8Axq3bY481ofH0btdIJkRO5WERJoREH5QkIpZQxOOUhzkmd9GXqA8YBZIxdCVTpEEEZA2WWGg_eCTCF2GW9alaFPcbLIMvEA2IA8FJKUySZCw6zVoATzid9drL0pH1r2DEsThXkcNtxeJ9dkZe_lxCldf0AA23bQNu_At1npxQjS4m3eAcH7f0BtJQorOxAZ0QgpbXss8NlGG2bkXMrUtq5wZk53f8Paw7YakpKwPXB3UPWW7x_hCOEJ4viuP4SvwBMKt_- priority: 102 providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals |
| Title | Dynamically Triggered Damage Around Rock Tunnels: An Experimental and Theoretical Investigation |
| URI | https://www.proquest.com/docview/3233049782 https://doaj.org/article/68f08a940e5c415a8602e1649478d247 |
| Volume | 15 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV1Nb9QwEB212wscEC0gFsrKh0rAISKJndhGQmhLd6mQWEG1SL1ZEzvppc2W3e2Bf89M1mlzgWtiRc7YM_PGH-8BnFDZY0ujmyQt6jJRjQ6JkVVIfECCcgxYPS8NfF-U57_Ut8vicg8W_V0YPlbZx8QuUIeV5zXyDzLnyptqnvzz7e-EVaN4d7WX0MAorRA-dRRj-3BAIblIR3BwOlv8uLhfdWEWTJOlu4t61M2U94kp6SmtWfF8kJo6Bv9_xeku-cyfwpOIGsV0N8yHsFe3R_B4wCV4BIfRSzfiXaSSfv8M3NlOcB6vr_-IJf3NFUtzijO8oTBCn2NNJXFBIVEs7_jAy-ajmLZiNmD9F0gtlg-3HcWAmGPVPoef89nyy3kSJRUSL0u5TbLKED4qM5Raa2up-iP8k3sVmjzUND6oUspWqBtPyMpabIrcBgxeoq3kCxi1q7Z-CaKpVZMFJGyAQSllq6zwtSdvluilD9kYTnpLutsda4ajaoMN7gYGH8MpW_m-CVNddw9W6ysXPceVpkkNWpXWhSe0gSyaVVORZ5U2IVd6DG95jBw75HaNHuO9AuopU1u5qSmYWMoYNYbjfhhd9NSNe5hXr_7_-jU8yln7tzuqewyj7fqufkOAZFtNYN_Mv07iXJt0Zf1fg-jhkg |
| linkProvider | ProQuest |
| linkToHtml | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1NbxMxEB2V9AAcEC0gQgv4UAQcVuyHd20jVSglqVLaRlAtUg-VLK_t7aVs2iQV6l_j1zGz8ba5wAmuu5ZljcfjN7bnPYAdTHtUIUUdxbkvIl4LF8mscpF1BqEcAVZLRwPHk2L8nX85zU_X4FdXC0PPKruY2AZqN7V0Rv4hSynzxpwn_XR5FZFqFN2udhIaJkgruN2WYiwUdhz6m5-Yws13D4Y432_SdH9Ufh5HQWUgslmRLaKkkggZisRkQgilMCFCSJBa7urUeRyy4TEGcCNqi2BDKVPnqXLG2cyoKsM-78E6p8OTHqzvjSZfT25PeIhxUybxsigQTRLTnTRusFwIUldf2QZbtYA_7QntRrf_GB4FhMoGS5fagDXfbMLDFd7CTdgIEWHO3gXa6vdPQA-X4vbm4uKGlWi5c5IBZUPzA0MWdkf6TewEwy8rr-lxzfwjGzRstKIwwAy2KO8qK9kKCci0eQrf_rlhn0GvmTb-ObDa8zpxBnGIcZxzVSW59RYjR2ZsZl3Sh53OkvpyydChMbMhg-sVg_dhj6x824RotdsP09m5DqtUF7KOpVE89rlFZGNIoMtjQqm4kC7log9vaY40Lf7FzFgTahhwpESjpQcyJxIrKXkftrtp1CEqzPWdD7_4--_XcH9cHh_po4PJ4RY8SElzuH0ivA29xezav0QgtKheBY9jcPY_Hfw3eMEaCw |
| linkToPdf | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1Nb9QwEB2VVkJwQLSAWGjBhyLgEDUfTmxXqtCW3VVLYVWqReqhkuXYTi8lW3a3Qv2D_V2dyTptLnCC624URePJmzeO5z2AbWx7VCFFFcW5LyJeCRfJrHSRdQapHBFWS1sD38bFwQ_-5TQ_XYGbdhaGjlW2mNgAtZta2iPfyVLqvLHnSXeqcCzieDD6dPkrIgcp-tLa2mmYYLPg9hq5sTDkceSvf2M7N987HODav0vT0XDy-SAKjgORzYpsESWlRPpQJCYTQiiFzRHSg9RyV6XO4-MbHiOYG1FZJB5KmSpPlTPOZkaVGd7zAawJrPjYBK7tD8fHJ3e7PaS-KZN4OSCI4Ynp-zQWWy4EOa13SmLjHPCn-tAUvdFTeBLYKusv02sdVny9AY87GoYbsB7QYc4-BAnrj89AD5ZG9-bi4ppNMHLnZAnKBuYnwhfejryc2AlCMZtc0UGb-S7r12zYcRtgBq-Y3E9Zso4gyLR-Dt__eWBfwGo9rf1LYJXnVeIMchLjOOeqTHLrLaJIZmxmXdKD7TaS-nKp1qGxy6GA607Ae7BPUb67hCS2mx-ms3Md3lhdyCqWRvHY5xZZjiGzLo_NpeJCupSLHrynNdIEBIuZsSbMM-CTkqSW7sucBK2k5D3YbJdRB4SY6_t8fvX3v9_CQ0x0_fVwfPQaHqVkP9ycFt6E1cXsym8hJ1qUb0LCMTj7n_l9C5FpHk8 |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Dynamically+Triggered+Damage+Around+Rock+Tunnels%3A+An+Experimental+and+Theoretical+Investigation&rft.jtitle=Applied+sciences&rft.au=Wang+Wanlu&rft.au=Tao%2C+Ming&rft.au=Ding+Wenjun&rft.au=Zhao%2C+Rui&rft.date=2025-07-01&rft.pub=MDPI+AG&rft.eissn=2076-3417&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=7716&rft_id=info:doi/10.3390%2Fapp15147716&rft.externalDBID=HAS_PDF_LINK |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2076-3417&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2076-3417&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2076-3417&client=summon |