Robust Two-Dimensional Spatial-Variant Map-Drift Algorithm for UAV SAR Autofocusing

Autofocus has attracted wide attention for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems, because autofocus process is crucial and difficult when the phase error is spatially dependent on both range and azimuth directions. In this paper, a novel two-dimensional spatial-variant...

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Published inRemote sensing (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 11; no. 3; p. 340
Main Authors Wang, Guanyong, Zhang, Man, Huang, Yan, Zhang, Lei, Wang, Fengfei
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 01.02.2019
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ISSN2072-4292
2072-4292
DOI10.3390/rs11030340

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Abstract Autofocus has attracted wide attention for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems, because autofocus process is crucial and difficult when the phase error is spatially dependent on both range and azimuth directions. In this paper, a novel two-dimensional spatial-variant map-drift algorithm (2D-SVMDA) is developed to provide robust autofocusing performance for UAV SAR imagery. This proposed algorithm combines two enhanced map-drift kernels. On the one hand, based on the azimuth-dependent phase correction, a novel azimuth-variant map-drift algorithm (AVMDA) is established to model the residual phase error as a linear function in the azimuth direction. Then the model coefficients are efficiently estimated by a quadratic Newton optimization with modified maximum cross-correlation. On the other hand, by concatenating the existing range-dependent map-drift algorithm (RDMDA) and the proposed AVMDA in this paper, a phase autofocus procedure of 2D-SVMDA is finally established. The proposed 2D-SVMDA can handle spatial-variance problems induced by strong phase errors. Simulated and real measured data are employed to demonstrate that the proposed algorithm compensates both the range- and azimuth-variant phase errors effectively.
AbstractList Autofocus has attracted wide attention for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems, because autofocus process is crucial and difficult when the phase error is spatially dependent on both range and azimuth directions. In this paper, a novel two-dimensional spatial-variant map-drift algorithm (2D-SVMDA) is developed to provide robust autofocusing performance for UAV SAR imagery. This proposed algorithm combines two enhanced map-drift kernels. On the one hand, based on the azimuth-dependent phase correction, a novel azimuth-variant map-drift algorithm (AVMDA) is established to model the residual phase error as a linear function in the azimuth direction. Then the model coefficients are efficiently estimated by a quadratic Newton optimization with modified maximum cross-correlation. On the other hand, by concatenating the existing range-dependent map-drift algorithm (RDMDA) and the proposed AVMDA in this paper, a phase autofocus procedure of 2D-SVMDA is finally established. The proposed 2D-SVMDA can handle spatial-variance problems induced by strong phase errors. Simulated and real measured data are employed to demonstrate that the proposed algorithm compensates both the range- and azimuth-variant phase errors effectively.
Author Huang, Yan
Wang, Guanyong
Zhang, Lei
Wang, Fengfei
Zhang, Man
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Snippet Autofocus has attracted wide attention for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems, because autofocus process is crucial and...
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StartPage 340
SubjectTerms Algorithms
autofocus
Azimuth
azimuth-variant map-drift algorithm (AVMDA)
Computer simulation
Drift
Estimates
Fourier transforms
Image enhancement
Linear functions
motion compensation (MOCO)
Optimization
Phase error
Radar
Remote sensing
Synthetic aperture radar
synthetic aperture radar (SAR)
Topography
two-dimensional spatial-variant map-drift algorithm (2D-SVMDA)
Unmanned aerial vehicles
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Title Robust Two-Dimensional Spatial-Variant Map-Drift Algorithm for UAV SAR Autofocusing
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