Taking the pulse of nature – how robotics and sensors assist in lake and reservoir management

Accurate environmental monitoring of aquatic ecosystems is often compromised by field-measurement biases introduced through human presence. Autonomous robotic platforms can mitigate these biases by enabling consistent, long-term data collection under a wide range of environmental conditions. We pres...

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Published inGeoscientific instrumentation, methods and data systems Vol. 14; no. 2; pp. 167 - 181
Main Authors Zug, Sebastian, Licht, Gero, Börner, Erik, de Souza Mota, Edjair, Monteiro Bezerra de Lima, Roberval, Roeder, Eric, Matschullat, Jörg
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Gottingen Copernicus GmbH 31.07.2025
Copernicus Publications
Subjects
Aquatic ecosystems
Aquatic environment
Autonomous navigation
Bias
Carbon dioxide
Catamarans
Cellular telephones
Chromatography
Configurations
Data acquisition
Data collection
Design criteria
Ecosystems
Environmental conditions
Environmental management
Environmental monitoring
Flexibility
Gas chromatography
Gas sampling
Gases
Greenhouse gases
Humidity
Infrared analysis
Infrared spectroscopy
Lakes
Modular engineering
Navigation
Payloads
Performance measurement
Radiation
Reservoir management
Robotics
Robotics industry
Robots
Sensors
Spectrometry
Surface water
Water
Water analysis
Water monitoring
Wave height
Weather
Wind speed
Brazil
Germany
Amazon Basin
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN2193-0864
2193-0856
2193-0864
DOI10.5194/gi-14-167-2025

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Abstract Accurate environmental monitoring of aquatic ecosystems is often compromised by field-measurement biases introduced through human presence. Autonomous robotic platforms can mitigate these biases by enabling consistent, long-term data collection under a wide range of environmental conditions. We present the Modular Aquatic Robotic Platform–Freiberg (MARP-FG), an autonomous, catamaran-based system engineered for flexible deployment with customizable sensor payloads to facilitate surface water monitoring. This paper outlines the design criteria, engineering challenges, and solutions implemented to ensure reliable, autonomous operation. The platform supports modular catamaran floaters sized between 1.2 and 2.5 m, selected according to payload mass and mission requirements. To demonstrate versatility, three payload configurations were developed and validated: (i) hydrographic profiling via multi-parameter probes, (ii) sonar-based three-dimensional mapping of complex basin morphologies, and (iii) dynamic closed-chamber measurements of greenhouse gas fluxes equipped with onboard CO2 quantification using infrared spectrometry and automated gas sampling for subsequent gas chromatographic analysis. Focusing on the greenhouse gas flux measurement configuration, we provide a detailed account of the system's autonomous navigation, operational workflow, and performance metrics. The MARP-FG maintained positioning accuracy within ±2 m under challenging conditions including wave heights up to ±40 cm and wind speeds up to 7 m s−1. Deployments in diverse aquatic environments, such as Amazonian lakes and Central European water bodies, confirmed the platform's robustness and data quality under adverse weather and nocturnal conditions. These innovations substantially improve automated aquatic monitoring capabilities, offering a versatile tool for long-term geoscientific data acquisition.
AbstractList Accurate environmental monitoring of aquatic ecosystems is often compromised by field-measurement biases introduced through human presence. Autonomous robotic platforms can mitigate these biases by enabling consistent, long-term data collection under a wide range of environmental conditions. We present the Modular Aquatic Robotic Platform-Freiberg (MARP-FG), an autonomous, catamaran-based system engineered for flexible deployment with customizable sensor payloads to facilitate surface water monitoring. This paper outlines the design criteria, engineering challenges, and solutions implemented to ensure reliable, autonomous operation. The platform supports modular catamaran floaters sized between 1.2 and 2.5 m, selected according to payload mass and mission requirements. To demonstrate versatility, three payload configurations were developed and validated: (i) hydrographic profiling via multi-parameter probes, (ii) sonar-based three-dimensional mapping of complex basin morphologies, and (iii) dynamic closed-chamber measurements of greenhouse gas fluxes equipped with onboard CO.sub.2 quantification using infrared spectrometry and automated gas sampling for subsequent gas chromatographic analysis. Focusing on the greenhouse gas flux measurement configuration, we provide a detailed account of the system's autonomous navigation, operational workflow, and performance metrics. The MARP-FG maintained positioning accuracy within ±2 m under challenging conditions including wave heights up to ±40 cm and wind speeds up to 7 m s.sup.-1 . Deployments in diverse aquatic environments, such as Amazonian lakes and Central European water bodies, confirmed the platform's robustness and data quality under adverse weather and nocturnal conditions. These innovations substantially improve automated aquatic monitoring capabilities, offering a versatile tool for long-term geoscientific data acquisition.
Accurate environmental monitoring of aquatic ecosystems is often compromised by field-measurement biases introduced through human presence. Autonomous robotic platforms can mitigate these biases by enabling consistent, long-term data collection under a wide range of environmental conditions. We present the Modular Aquatic Robotic Platform–Freiberg (MARP-FG), an autonomous, catamaran-based system engineered for flexible deployment with customizable sensor payloads to facilitate surface water monitoring. This paper outlines the design criteria, engineering challenges, and solutions implemented to ensure reliable, autonomous operation. The platform supports modular catamaran floaters sized between 1.2 and 2.5 m, selected according to payload mass and mission requirements. To demonstrate versatility, three payload configurations were developed and validated: (i) hydrographic profiling via multi-parameter probes, (ii) sonar-based three-dimensional mapping of complex basin morphologies, and (iii) dynamic closed-chamber measurements of greenhouse gas fluxes equipped with onboard CO2 quantification using infrared spectrometry and automated gas sampling for subsequent gas chromatographic analysis. Focusing on the greenhouse gas flux measurement configuration, we provide a detailed account of the system's autonomous navigation, operational workflow, and performance metrics. The MARP-FG maintained positioning accuracy within ±2 m under challenging conditions including wave heights up to ±40 cm and wind speeds up to 7 m s−1. Deployments in diverse aquatic environments, such as Amazonian lakes and Central European water bodies, confirmed the platform's robustness and data quality under adverse weather and nocturnal conditions. These innovations substantially improve automated aquatic monitoring capabilities, offering a versatile tool for long-term geoscientific data acquisition.
Accurate environmental monitoring of aquatic ecosystems is often compromised by field-measurement biases introduced through human presence. Autonomous robotic platforms can mitigate these biases by enabling consistent, long-term data collection under a wide range of environmental conditions. We present the Modular Aquatic Robotic Platform–Freiberg (MARP-FG), an autonomous, catamaran-based system engineered for flexible deployment with customizable sensor payloads to facilitate surface water monitoring. This paper outlines the design criteria, engineering challenges, and solutions implemented to ensure reliable, autonomous operation. The platform supports modular catamaran floaters sized between 1.2 and 2.5 m, selected according to payload mass and mission requirements. To demonstrate versatility, three payload configurations were developed and validated: (i) hydrographic profiling via multi-parameter probes, (ii) sonar-based three-dimensional mapping of complex basin morphologies, and (iii) dynamic closed-chamber measurements of greenhouse gas fluxes equipped with onboard CO 2 quantification using infrared spectrometry and automated gas sampling for subsequent gas chromatographic analysis. Focusing on the greenhouse gas flux measurement configuration, we provide a detailed account of the system's autonomous navigation, operational workflow, and performance metrics. The MARP-FG maintained positioning accuracy within ±2  m under challenging conditions including wave heights up to ±40  cm and wind speeds up to 7 m s −1 . Deployments in diverse aquatic environments, such as Amazonian lakes and Central European water bodies, confirmed the platform's robustness and data quality under adverse weather and nocturnal conditions. These innovations substantially improve automated aquatic monitoring capabilities, offering a versatile tool for long-term geoscientific data acquisition.
Accurate environmental monitoring of aquatic ecosystems is often compromised by field-measurement biases introduced through human presence. Autonomous robotic platforms can mitigate these biases by enabling consistent, long-term data collection under a wide range of environmental conditions. We present the Modular Aquatic Robotic Platform-Freiberg (MARP-FG), an autonomous, catamaran-based system engineered for flexible deployment with customizable sensor payloads to facilitate surface water monitoring.
Accurate environmental monitoring of aquatic ecosystems is often compromised by field-measurement biases introduced through human presence. Autonomous robotic platforms can mitigate these biases by enabling consistent, long-term data collection under a wide range of environmental conditions. We present the Modular Aquatic Robotic Platform–Freiberg (MARP-FG), an autonomous, catamaran-based system engineered for flexible deployment with customizable sensor payloads to facilitate surface water monitoring.This paper outlines the design criteria, engineering challenges, and solutions implemented to ensure reliable, autonomous operation. The platform supports modular catamaran floaters sized between 1.2 and 2.5 m, selected according to payload mass and mission requirements. To demonstrate versatility, three payload configurations were developed and validated: (i) hydrographic profiling via multi-parameter probes, (ii) sonar-based three-dimensional mapping of complex basin morphologies, and (iii) dynamic closed-chamber measurements of greenhouse gas fluxes equipped with onboard CO2 quantification using infrared spectrometry and automated gas sampling for subsequent gas chromatographic analysis.Focusing on the greenhouse gas flux measurement configuration, we provide a detailed account of the system's autonomous navigation, operational workflow, and performance metrics. The MARP-FG maintained positioning accuracy within ±2 m under challenging conditions including wave heights up to ±40 cm and wind speeds up to 7 m s−1. Deployments in diverse aquatic environments, such as Amazonian lakes and Central European water bodies, confirmed the platform's robustness and data quality under adverse weather and nocturnal conditions. These innovations substantially improve automated aquatic monitoring capabilities, offering a versatile tool for long-term geoscientific data acquisition.
Audience Academic
Author Börner, Erik
Licht, Gero
Matschullat, Jörg
de Souza Mota, Edjair
Zug, Sebastian
Monteiro Bezerra de Lima, Roberval
Roeder, Eric
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StartPage 167
SubjectTerms Aquatic ecosystems
Aquatic environment
Autonomous navigation
Bias
Carbon dioxide
Catamarans
Cellular telephones
Chromatography
Configurations
Data acquisition
Data collection
Design criteria
Ecosystems
Environmental conditions
Environmental management
Environmental monitoring
Flexibility
Gas chromatography
Gas sampling
Gases
Greenhouse gases
Humidity
Infrared analysis
Infrared spectroscopy
Lakes
Modular engineering
Navigation
Payloads
Performance measurement
Radiation
Reservoir management
Robotics
Robotics industry
Robots
Sensors
Spectrometry
Surface water
Water
Water analysis
Water monitoring
Wave height
Weather
Wind speed
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Title Taking the pulse of nature – how robotics and sensors assist in lake and reservoir management
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