An Inertial Sensor-based Trigger Algorithm for Functional Electrical Stimulation-Assisted Swimming in Paraplegics
Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is used to support gait in stroke patients and to induce cycling motions in paralyzed legs. In the current contribution, we present a method that, for the first time, enables FES-supported swimming in paraplegics. The proposed setup includes a waterproof stimu...
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| Published in | IFAC-PapersOnLine Vol. 51; no. 34; pp. 278 - 283 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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Elsevier Ltd
2019
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| ISSN | 2405-8963 2405-8971 2405-8963 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.ifacol.2019.01.039 |
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| Abstract | Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is used to support gait in stroke patients and to induce cycling motions in paralyzed legs. In the current contribution, we present a method that, for the first time, enables FES-supported swimming in paraplegics. The proposed setup includes a waterproof stimulator, cables, and electrodes. In preliminary experiments, flexion and extension movements of the knee were generated in a completely paralyzed subject to support the propulsion. Furthermore, transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (tSCS) is used to get a straight swimming position and to reduce spasticity of the lower extremities. The developed setting remained dry and safe during all sessions. The first trials revealed the need for a synchronization of the patient’s arm movements with the artificially induced leg movements to prevent undesired rolling movements of the swimmer. To enable such a synchronized swimming, a trigger algorithm was developed that is based on the roll angle and angular velocity of the trunk. By experimental validation, it was demonstrated that a functional stimulation pattern can be generated during front crawl movements of the upper body. The new setup and methods are currently being tested during the STIMSWIM pilot study with paraplegics. The preliminary results of the first two subjects show an improvement of the swimming speed of approximately 15% for FES/tSCS assisted swimming compared to non-assisted swimming and a clear training effect over the first 7 sessions. |
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| AbstractList | Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is used to support gait in stroke patients and to induce cycling motions in paralyzed legs. In the current contribution, we present a method that, for the first time, enables FES-supported swimming in paraplegics. The proposed setup includes a waterproof stimulator, cables, and electrodes. In preliminary experiments, flexion and extension movements of the knee were generated in a completely paralyzed subject to support the propulsion. Furthermore, transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (tSCS) is used to get a straight swimming position and to reduce spasticity of the lower extremities. The developed setting remained dry and safe during all sessions. The first trials revealed the need for a synchronization of the patient’s arm movements with the artificially induced leg movements to prevent undesired rolling movements of the swimmer. To enable such a synchronized swimming, a trigger algorithm was developed that is based on the roll angle and angular velocity of the trunk. By experimental validation, it was demonstrated that a functional stimulation pattern can be generated during front crawl movements of the upper body. The new setup and methods are currently being tested during the STIMSWIM pilot study with paraplegics. The preliminary results of the first two subjects show an improvement of the swimming speed of approximately 15% for FES/tSCS assisted swimming compared to non-assisted swimming and a clear training effect over the first 7 sessions. |
| Author | Niedeggen, Andreas Wiesener, Constantin Axelgaard, Jens Seel, Thomas Schauer, Thomas Horton, Rachel |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Constantin surname: Wiesener fullname: Wiesener, Constantin email: wiesener@control.tu-berlin.de organization: Control Systems Group at Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany – sequence: 2 givenname: Thomas surname: Seel fullname: Seel, Thomas organization: Control Systems Group at Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany – sequence: 3 givenname: Jens surname: Axelgaard fullname: Axelgaard, Jens organization: Axelgaard Manufacturing Co., Ltd., USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Rachel surname: Horton fullname: Horton, Rachel organization: Axelgaard Manufacturing Co., Ltd., USA – sequence: 5 givenname: Andreas surname: Niedeggen fullname: Niedeggen, Andreas organization: Treatment Centre for Spinal Cord Injuries, ukb Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin, Germany – sequence: 6 givenname: Thomas surname: Schauer fullname: Schauer, Thomas organization: Control Systems Group at Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1179/2045772314Y.0000000217 10.1179/2045772313Y.0000000149 10.1080/02640410903508847 10.1016/j.ifacol.2017.08.1534 10.1051/bioconf/20110100082 10.1038/sc.2015.228 10.1038/sc.2008.120 10.1109/MRA.2017.2749318 10.1260/1747-9541.4.1.139 10.1007/s004210050581 10.1016/j.humov.2009.05.003 10.1097/PHM.0b013e3182a1e6c3 10.1145/1620545.1620578 10.1097/01.NPT.0000282514.94093.c6 10.1016/j.arcontrol.2017.09.014 |
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| Title | An Inertial Sensor-based Trigger Algorithm for Functional Electrical Stimulation-Assisted Swimming in Paraplegics |
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