Effects of building direction and loading mode on the high cycle fatigue strength of the laser powder bed fusion 316L
•Experimental torsion and bending fatigue strengths of 90°, 45°, and 0° LPBF building direction were determined.•Kitagawa diagrams were provided in bending and torsion loading at different building directions.•Bending fatigue behavior is very sensitive to building direction compared to torsion.•Tors...
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| Published in | International journal of fatigue Vol. 170; p. 107506 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Elsevier Ltd
01.05.2023
Elsevier |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0142-1123 1879-3452 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2023.107506 |
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| Abstract | •Experimental torsion and bending fatigue strengths of 90°, 45°, and 0° LPBF building direction were determined.•Kitagawa diagrams were provided in bending and torsion loading at different building directions.•Bending fatigue behavior is very sensitive to building direction compared to torsion.•Torsion fatigue behavior of LPBF 316L is not sensitive to lack-of-fusion defects.
The present study aims to investigate the high cycle fatigue (HCF) performance of steel 316L fabricated by the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process. Bending and torsional fatigue test specimens built horizontally (0°), inclined (45°), and vertically (90°) have been prepared and tested. Stress-relieving heat treatment was carried out to reduce the residual stresses. The 90°, 45°, and 0° built near-net-shape and polished specimens have fatigue strengths between 140 and 250 MPa under bending loading and 150 and 170 MPa under torsion loading. This difference illustrates a more pronounced defect sensitivity in bending compared to torsion. Fractographical analyses revealed the fatigue failure mechanisms. As the building direction inclines from vertical to horizontal, the effective areas of inherent defects diminish contributing to improving fatigue strength under bending loading whilst the differences from building directions in torsional fatigue strengths are minor. Microstructural features are seen to compete with inherent defects to affect fatigue performance in the condition that the effective defect sizes are close to the critical fatigue crack size. |
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| AbstractList | •Experimental torsion and bending fatigue strengths of 90°, 45°, and 0° LPBF building direction were determined.•Kitagawa diagrams were provided in bending and torsion loading at different building directions.•Bending fatigue behavior is very sensitive to building direction compared to torsion.•Torsion fatigue behavior of LPBF 316L is not sensitive to lack-of-fusion defects.
The present study aims to investigate the high cycle fatigue (HCF) performance of steel 316L fabricated by the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process. Bending and torsional fatigue test specimens built horizontally (0°), inclined (45°), and vertically (90°) have been prepared and tested. Stress-relieving heat treatment was carried out to reduce the residual stresses. The 90°, 45°, and 0° built near-net-shape and polished specimens have fatigue strengths between 140 and 250 MPa under bending loading and 150 and 170 MPa under torsion loading. This difference illustrates a more pronounced defect sensitivity in bending compared to torsion. Fractographical analyses revealed the fatigue failure mechanisms. As the building direction inclines from vertical to horizontal, the effective areas of inherent defects diminish contributing to improving fatigue strength under bending loading whilst the differences from building directions in torsional fatigue strengths are minor. Microstructural features are seen to compete with inherent defects to affect fatigue performance in the condition that the effective defect sizes are close to the critical fatigue crack size. The present study aims to investigate the high cycle fatigue (HCF) performance of steel 316L fabricated by the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process. Bending and torsional fatigue test specimens built horizontally (0°), inclined (45°), and vertically (90°) have been prepared and tested. Stress-relieving heat treatment was carried out to reduce the residual stresses. The 90°, 45°, and 0° built near-net-shape and polished specimens have fatigue strengths between 140 and 250 MPa under bending loading and 150 and 170 MPa under torsion loading. This difference illustrates a more pronounced defect sensitivity in bending compared to torsion. Fractographical analyses revealed the fatigue failure mechanisms. As the building direction inclines from vertical to horizontal, the effective areas of inherent defects diminish contributing to improving fatigue strength under bending loading whilst the differences from building directions in torsional fatigue strengths are minor. Microstructural features are seen to compete with inherent defects to affect fatigue performance in the condition that the effective defect sizes are close to the critical fatigue crack size. |
| ArticleNumber | 107506 |
| Author | Liang, Xiaoyu Hor, Anis Robert, Camille Lin, Feng Morel, Franck |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Xiaoyu surname: Liang fullname: Liang, Xiaoyu email: liang.xiaoyu@outlook.com organization: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China – sequence: 2 givenname: Anis surname: Hor fullname: Hor, Anis organization: Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, ISAE-SUPAERO, UPS, INSA, Mines-Albi, 3 rue Caroline Aigle, 31400 Toulouse, France – sequence: 3 givenname: Camille surname: Robert fullname: Robert, Camille organization: Angers Laboratory of Mechanics, Manufacturing Process and Innovation (LAMPA), Arts et Métiers Campus Angers, 49035 Angers Cedex, France – sequence: 4 givenname: Feng surname: Lin fullname: Lin, Feng organization: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China – sequence: 5 givenname: Franck surname: Morel fullname: Morel, Franck organization: Angers Laboratory of Mechanics, Manufacturing Process and Innovation (LAMPA), Arts et Métiers Campus Angers, 49035 Angers Cedex, France |
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| Keywords | Building direction Laser powder bed fusion Stainless steel 316L High cycle fatigue Bending and torsion |
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| Snippet | •Experimental torsion and bending fatigue strengths of 90°, 45°, and 0° LPBF building direction were determined.•Kitagawa diagrams were provided in bending and... The present study aims to investigate the high cycle fatigue (HCF) performance of steel 316L fabricated by the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process. Bending... |
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| SubjectTerms | Bending and torsion Building direction High cycle fatigue Laser powder bed fusion Physics Stainless steel 316L |
| Title | Effects of building direction and loading mode on the high cycle fatigue strength of the laser powder bed fusion 316L |
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