Predictive Value of the CHA2DS2-VASc Score in Atrial Fibrillation Patients at High Risk for Stroke Despite Oral Anticoagulation

The risk of stroke in atrial fibrillation is heterogeneous and depends upon underlying clinical conditions included in current risk stratification schemes. Recently, the CHA2DS2-VASc score has been included in guidelines to be more inclusive of common stroke risk factors seen in everyday clinical pr...

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Published inRevista española de cardiología (English ed.) Vol. 65; no. 7; pp. 627 - 633
Main Authors Jover, Eva, Roldán, Vanessa, Gallego, Pilar, Hernández-Romero, Diana, Valdés, Mariano, Vicente, Vicente, Lip, Gregory Y.H., Marín, Francisco
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Elsevier Espana 01.07.2012
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ISSN1885-5857
1885-5857
DOI10.1016/j.rec.2012.02.016

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Abstract The risk of stroke in atrial fibrillation is heterogeneous and depends upon underlying clinical conditions included in current risk stratification schemes. Recently, the CHA2DS2-VASc score has been included in guidelines to be more inclusive of common stroke risk factors seen in everyday clinical practice, and useful in defining “truly low risk” subjects. We aimed to assess the usefulness of CHA2DS2-VASc score to give us an additional prognostic perspective for adverse events and mortality among “real world” anticoagulated patients with atrial fibrillation who are often elderly with many comorbidities. Consecutive outpatients with permanent/paroxysmal nonvalvular atrial fibrillation with CHA2DS2-VASc≥2 and stabilized oral anticoagulation (international normalized ratio 2.0-3.0) for at least the preceding 6 months were recruited. Patients with CHA2DS2-VASc≥2 were selected. Adverse cardiovascular events including stroke, acute coronary syndrome, or heart failure; major bleeds; and mortality were recorded during more than 2.5-year-follow-up. Of 933 patients (93.5%) assessed, 432 were males, median age 76 (71-81) years. After a follow-up of 946 (782-1068) days, 109 patients (11.7%) had adverse cardiovascular events, 80 patients (8.6%) had major bleeds, 101 patients (10.8%) died, and 230 (24.6%) major adverse events (composite end-point). Increasing CHA2DS2-VASc score by 1 point had a significant impact on the occurrence of cardiovascular events (hazard ratio=1.27; 95% confidence interval, 1.13-1.44; P<.001), mortality (hazard ratio=1.36; 95% confidence interval, 1.19-1.54, P<.001); and major adverse events (hazard ratio=1.23; 95% confidence interval, 1.13-1.34; P<.001). CHA2DS2-VASc score was not associated with major bleeding episodes. Among high risk atrial fibrillation patients on oral anticoagulation, CHA2DS2-VASc successfully predicts cardiovascular events and mortality, but not major bleeds. El riesgo de ictus en la fibrilación auricular es heterogéneo y depende de las características clínicas subyacentes que se incluyen en los actuales esquemas de estratificación del riesgo. La escala de riesgo CHA2DS2-VASc se ha incluido recientemente en las guías de práctica clínica para una valoración más completa de los factores de riesgo de ictus que son frecuentes en la práctica clínica diaria y para una definición útil de individuos con un riesgo «realmente bajo». Nuestro objetivo es evaluar la utilidad de la escala CHA2DS2-VASc para obtener una perspectiva pronóstica adicional respecto a los eventos adversos y la mortalidad en la práctica clínica real en pacientes con fibrilación auricular anticoagulados, que a menudo son ancianos con múltiples comorbilidades. Se reclutó a pacientes ambulatorios consecutivos con fibrilación auricular permanente/paroxística no valvular y puntuación CHA2DS2-VASc ≥ 2 y anticoagulación oral estabilizada (razón internacional normalizada: 2,0-3,0) durante al menos los 6 meses previos a su inclusión en el estudio. Se seleccionó a pacientes con CHA2DS2-VASc ≥ 2. Se registraron los eventos adversos cardiovasculares (incluidos ictus, síndrome coronario agudo e insuficiencia cardiaca), las hemorragias mayores y la mortalidad durante un seguimiento de más de 2,5 años. De los 933 pacientes (93,5%) evaluados, 432 eran varones, con una mediana de edad de 76 (71-81) años. Tras un seguimiento de 946 (782-1.068) días, 109 pacientes (11,7%) presentaron eventos adversos cardiovasculares, 80 (8,6%) sufrieron hemorragias mayores, 101 (10,8%) fallecieron y 230 (24,6%) sufrieron eventos adversos mayores (objetivo de valoración combinado). Un aumento de 1 punto en la escala CHA2DS2-VASc tuvo una repercusión significativa en la frecuencia de eventos cardiovasculares (hazard ratio=1,27; intervalo de confianza del 95%, 1,13-1,44; p<0,001), la mortalidad (hazard ratio=1,36; intervalo de confianza del 95%, 1,19-1,54; p<0,001) y los eventos adversos mayores (hazard ratio=1,23; intervalo de confianza del 95%, 1,13-1,34; p<0,001). La escala CHA2DS2-VASc no se asoció a los episodios de hemorragia mayor. En los pacientes con fibrilación auricular de alto riesgo tratados con anticoagulación oral, la escala de riesgo CHA2DS2-VASc predice satisfactoriamente los eventos cardiovasculares y la mortalidad, pero no las hemorragias mayores.
AbstractList The risk of stroke in atrial fibrillation is heterogeneous and depends upon underlying clinical conditions included in current risk stratification schemes. Recently, the CHA2DS2-VASc score has been included in guidelines to be more inclusive of common stroke risk factors seen in everyday clinical practice, and useful in defining “truly low risk” subjects. We aimed to assess the usefulness of CHA2DS2-VASc score to give us an additional prognostic perspective for adverse events and mortality among “real world” anticoagulated patients with atrial fibrillation who are often elderly with many comorbidities. Consecutive outpatients with permanent/paroxysmal nonvalvular atrial fibrillation with CHA2DS2-VASc≥2 and stabilized oral anticoagulation (international normalized ratio 2.0-3.0) for at least the preceding 6 months were recruited. Patients with CHA2DS2-VASc≥2 were selected. Adverse cardiovascular events including stroke, acute coronary syndrome, or heart failure; major bleeds; and mortality were recorded during more than 2.5-year-follow-up. Of 933 patients (93.5%) assessed, 432 were males, median age 76 (71-81) years. After a follow-up of 946 (782-1068) days, 109 patients (11.7%) had adverse cardiovascular events, 80 patients (8.6%) had major bleeds, 101 patients (10.8%) died, and 230 (24.6%) major adverse events (composite end-point). Increasing CHA2DS2-VASc score by 1 point had a significant impact on the occurrence of cardiovascular events (hazard ratio=1.27; 95% confidence interval, 1.13-1.44; P<.001), mortality (hazard ratio=1.36; 95% confidence interval, 1.19-1.54, P<.001); and major adverse events (hazard ratio=1.23; 95% confidence interval, 1.13-1.34; P<.001). CHA2DS2-VASc score was not associated with major bleeding episodes. Among high risk atrial fibrillation patients on oral anticoagulation, CHA2DS2-VASc successfully predicts cardiovascular events and mortality, but not major bleeds. El riesgo de ictus en la fibrilación auricular es heterogéneo y depende de las características clínicas subyacentes que se incluyen en los actuales esquemas de estratificación del riesgo. La escala de riesgo CHA2DS2-VASc se ha incluido recientemente en las guías de práctica clínica para una valoración más completa de los factores de riesgo de ictus que son frecuentes en la práctica clínica diaria y para una definición útil de individuos con un riesgo «realmente bajo». Nuestro objetivo es evaluar la utilidad de la escala CHA2DS2-VASc para obtener una perspectiva pronóstica adicional respecto a los eventos adversos y la mortalidad en la práctica clínica real en pacientes con fibrilación auricular anticoagulados, que a menudo son ancianos con múltiples comorbilidades. Se reclutó a pacientes ambulatorios consecutivos con fibrilación auricular permanente/paroxística no valvular y puntuación CHA2DS2-VASc ≥ 2 y anticoagulación oral estabilizada (razón internacional normalizada: 2,0-3,0) durante al menos los 6 meses previos a su inclusión en el estudio. Se seleccionó a pacientes con CHA2DS2-VASc ≥ 2. Se registraron los eventos adversos cardiovasculares (incluidos ictus, síndrome coronario agudo e insuficiencia cardiaca), las hemorragias mayores y la mortalidad durante un seguimiento de más de 2,5 años. De los 933 pacientes (93,5%) evaluados, 432 eran varones, con una mediana de edad de 76 (71-81) años. Tras un seguimiento de 946 (782-1.068) días, 109 pacientes (11,7%) presentaron eventos adversos cardiovasculares, 80 (8,6%) sufrieron hemorragias mayores, 101 (10,8%) fallecieron y 230 (24,6%) sufrieron eventos adversos mayores (objetivo de valoración combinado). Un aumento de 1 punto en la escala CHA2DS2-VASc tuvo una repercusión significativa en la frecuencia de eventos cardiovasculares (hazard ratio=1,27; intervalo de confianza del 95%, 1,13-1,44; p<0,001), la mortalidad (hazard ratio=1,36; intervalo de confianza del 95%, 1,19-1,54; p<0,001) y los eventos adversos mayores (hazard ratio=1,23; intervalo de confianza del 95%, 1,13-1,34; p<0,001). La escala CHA2DS2-VASc no se asoció a los episodios de hemorragia mayor. En los pacientes con fibrilación auricular de alto riesgo tratados con anticoagulación oral, la escala de riesgo CHA2DS2-VASc predice satisfactoriamente los eventos cardiovasculares y la mortalidad, pero no las hemorragias mayores.
Author Valdés, Mariano
Lip, Gregory Y.H.
Jover, Eva
Marín, Francisco
Roldán, Vanessa
Vicente, Vicente
Gallego, Pilar
Hernández-Romero, Diana
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Keywords MAE
OAC
Cardiovascular events
AF
Atrial fibrillation
CHA2DS2-VASc
Mortality
Eventos cardiovasculares
Mortalidad
Fibrilación auricular
INR
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Snippet The risk of stroke in atrial fibrillation is heterogeneous and depends upon underlying clinical conditions included in current risk stratification schemes....
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elsevier
SourceType Enrichment Source
Index Database
Publisher
StartPage 627
SubjectTerms Atrial fibrillation
Cardiovascular events
CHA2DS2-VASc
Eventos cardiovasculares
Fibrilación auricular
Mortalidad
Mortality
Title Predictive Value of the CHA2DS2-VASc Score in Atrial Fibrillation Patients at High Risk for Stroke Despite Oral Anticoagulation
URI https://www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/1-s2.0-S1885585712001326
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rec.2012.02.016
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