Green roofs as a nature-based solution for improving urban sustainability: Progress and perspectives

Green roofs are artificial ecosystems that provide a nature-based solution to environmental challenges such as climate change and the urban heat island. Green roofs aid in the conservation of both cooling and heating energy; deposition of particulates and mitigation of air pollution; control of runo...

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Published inRenewable & sustainable energy reviews Vol. 180; p. 113306
Main Authors Mihalakakou, Giouli, Souliotis, Manolis, Papadaki, Maria, Menounou, Penelope, Dimopoulos, Panayotis, Kolokotsa, Dionysia, Paravantis, John A., Tsangrassoulis, Aris, Panaras, Giorgos, Giannakopoulos, Evangelos, Papaefthimiou, Spiros
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Elsevier Ltd 01.07.2023
Subjects
Energy and environmental benefits of green roofs
Experimental studies of green roofs
Life cycle assessment of green roofs
Modeling of green roofs
Noise reduction of green roofs
Modeling of green roofs
Energy and environmental benefits of green roofs
Noise reduction of green roofs
Life cycle assessment of green roofs
Experimental studies of green roofs
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN1364-0321
1879-0690
DOI10.1016/j.rser.2023.113306

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Abstract Green roofs are artificial ecosystems that provide a nature-based solution to environmental challenges such as climate change and the urban heat island. Green roofs aid in the conservation of both cooling and heating energy; deposition of particulates and mitigation of air pollution; control of runoff and water pollution; promotion of biodiversity; and provision of aesthetic and health benefits. This research is a holistic review of the green roof literature and provides a global perspective of the subject with a classification of modelling studies; and an extensive review of contributions to energy conservation, carbon sequestration, mitigation of air pollutants, runoff control; and urban noise reduction. The review covers the system's thermal performance modelling through several methodologies; experimental studies; parametric studies to assess the impact of various parameters on the system's energy efficiency using several configuration parameters such as leaf area, foliage height and density, plant coverage, roof insulation, soil thickness, and irrigation; energy benefits; and environmental benefits including air pollutants mitigation, carbon sequestration, runoff control and urban noise reduction. Finally, review was complemented with a life cycle assessment study of green roofs, which examined the extraction of raw materials, manufacturing and construction, transportation, and disposal. Green roofs can reduce the cooling load by up to 70%, decrease the indoor temperature achieving an indoor air temperature reduction up to 15 °C, and provide a significant improvement of thermal comfort conditions. The environmental benefits of green roofs were focused on decreasing pollutants concentrations (e.g. PM2.5, PM10, O3, NO2), sequestering carbon and reducing urban noise. •A nature-based approach of green roofs is provided.•A critical perspective as regards green roofs improving urban sustainability is adopted.•Green roof systems may reduce the cooling load up to 70%.•Coupling green roof systems with life cycle assessment.•There is significant potential for energy savings for green roof systems.
AbstractList Green roofs are artificial ecosystems that provide a nature-based solution to environmental challenges such as climate change and the urban heat island. Green roofs aid in the conservation of both cooling and heating energy; deposition of particulates and mitigation of air pollution; control of runoff and water pollution; promotion of biodiversity; and provision of aesthetic and health benefits. This research is a holistic review of the green roof literature and provides a global perspective of the subject with a classification of modelling studies; and an extensive review of contributions to energy conservation, carbon sequestration, mitigation of air pollutants, runoff control; and urban noise reduction. The review covers the system's thermal performance modelling through several methodologies; experimental studies; parametric studies to assess the impact of various parameters on the system's energy efficiency using several configuration parameters such as leaf area, foliage height and density, plant coverage, roof insulation, soil thickness, and irrigation; energy benefits; and environmental benefits including air pollutants mitigation, carbon sequestration, runoff control and urban noise reduction. Finally, review was complemented with a life cycle assessment study of green roofs, which examined the extraction of raw materials, manufacturing and construction, transportation, and disposal. Green roofs can reduce the cooling load by up to 70%, decrease the indoor temperature achieving an indoor air temperature reduction up to 15 °C, and provide a significant improvement of thermal comfort conditions. The environmental benefits of green roofs were focused on decreasing pollutants concentrations (e.g. PM2.5, PM10, O3, NO2), sequestering carbon and reducing urban noise. •A nature-based approach of green roofs is provided.•A critical perspective as regards green roofs improving urban sustainability is adopted.•Green roof systems may reduce the cooling load up to 70%.•Coupling green roof systems with life cycle assessment.•There is significant potential for energy savings for green roof systems.
ArticleNumber 113306
Author Papadaki, Maria
Mihalakakou, Giouli
Menounou, Penelope
Kolokotsa, Dionysia
Dimopoulos, Panayotis
Souliotis, Manolis
Giannakopoulos, Evangelos
Tsangrassoulis, Aris
Paravantis, John A.
Papaefthimiou, Spiros
Panaras, Giorgos
Author_xml – sequence: 1
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  surname: Mihalakakou
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  givenname: Manolis
  orcidid: 0000-0001-5779-7805
  surname: Souliotis
  fullname: Souliotis, Manolis
  email: msouliotis@uowm.gr
  organization: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, Greece
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  givenname: Maria
  surname: Papadaki
  fullname: Papadaki, Maria
  organization: Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Greece
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  givenname: Penelope
  surname: Menounou
  fullname: Menounou, Penelope
  organization: Department of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, University of Patras, Greece
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  givenname: Panayotis
  surname: Dimopoulos
  fullname: Dimopoulos, Panayotis
  organization: Laboratory of Botany, Division of Plant Biology, Department of Biology, University of Patras, Greece
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  surname: Kolokotsa
  fullname: Kolokotsa, Dionysia
  organization: School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Greece
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  givenname: John A.
  surname: Paravantis
  fullname: Paravantis, John A.
  organization: Department of International and European Studies, University of Piraeus, Greece
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Aris
  surname: Tsangrassoulis
  fullname: Tsangrassoulis, Aris
  organization: Department of Architecture, University of Thessaly, Greece
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  givenname: Giorgos
  orcidid: 0000-0001-9467-1590
  surname: Panaras
  fullname: Panaras, Giorgos
  organization: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, Greece
– sequence: 10
  givenname: Evangelos
  surname: Giannakopoulos
  fullname: Giannakopoulos, Evangelos
  organization: Department Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, University of Patras, Greece
– sequence: 11
  givenname: Spiros
  surname: Papaefthimiou
  fullname: Papaefthimiou, Spiros
  organization: School of Production Engineering and Management, Technical University of Crete, Greece
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Keywords Modeling of green roofs
Energy and environmental benefits of green roofs
Noise reduction of green roofs
Life cycle assessment of green roofs
Experimental studies of green roofs
Language English
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OpenAccessLink https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032123001624
ParticipantIDs crossref_citationtrail_10_1016_j_rser_2023_113306
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elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_rser_2023_113306
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PublicationDate July 2023
2023-07-00
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2023-07-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 07
  year: 2023
  text: July 2023
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationTitle Renewable & sustainable energy reviews
PublicationYear 2023
Publisher Elsevier Ltd
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Snippet Green roofs are artificial ecosystems that provide a nature-based solution to environmental challenges such as climate change and the urban heat island. Green...
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StartPage 113306
SubjectTerms Energy and environmental benefits of green roofs
Experimental studies of green roofs
Life cycle assessment of green roofs
Modeling of green roofs
Noise reduction of green roofs
Title Green roofs as a nature-based solution for improving urban sustainability: Progress and perspectives
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2023.113306
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