Storage Mite Precision Allergy Molecular Diagnosis in the Moderate-to-Severe T2-High Asthma Phenotype

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 23; no. 8; p. 4297
• Main Authors: González-Pérez, Ruperto, Poza-Guedes, Paloma, Pineda, Fernando, Castillo, Miriam, Sánchez-Machín, Inmaculada
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 13.04.2022; MDPI
• Subjects: Acaridae; Allergens; Allergens - genetics; Allergies; Animals; Antigens, Dermatophagoides; Asthma; Asthma - diagnosis; Genotype & phenotype; Humans; Hypersensitivity - diagnosis; Immunoglobulin E - genetics; Inflammation; Mites; Pathogenesis; Phenotype; Pyroglyphidae; allergen exposure; storage mites; T2 inflammation; asthma; airborne allergens
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084297

Storage mites (SM) may induce allergic respiratory symptoms in sensitized individuals, in both rural and urban settings. The relationship among specific IgE reactions to determined groups of SM allergens in the coincident asthma pheno-endotypes has not yet been investigated. We aimed to study a Precision Allergy Molecular Diagnosis (PAMD@) model to depict the SM molecular profile in individuals presenting with Type-2 inflammation, in two different (moderate and severe) asthma phenotypes. A customized PAMD@ panel, including SM allergens and their concurrent protein allergenic characterization was investigated. Mite group 2 allergens were most frequently recognized, including Lep d 2 (83.45%), followed by Gly d 2 (69.17%) and Tyr p 2 (47,37%), in 133/164 asthmatic subjects. Blo t 5 and Blo t 21 exhibited significant higher titres in both asthma groups. Although relevant mite group 2 allergens cross-reactivity is suggested, individualized sensitization patterns were relevantly identified. The present PAMD@ panel confirmed the dominance of mite group 2 allergens in moderate-to-severe T2 asthmatics. A broadly heterogeneous molecular repertoire of SM allergens was found in all subjects, regardless of their asthma severity. Blomia tropicalis deserves special attention in certain territories, as diagnostic and/or therapeutic approaches merely based on Pyroglyphidae mites may be insufficient.