Salp swarm algorithm-based fractional-order PID controller for LFC systems in the presence of delayed EV aggregators - Babaei, Farshad; Lashkari, Zahra Bahari; Safari, Amin; Farrokhifar, Meisam; Salehi, Javad (IET electrical systems in transportation, 2020)
Keywords: ancillary services market; control system synthesis; controller effectiveness; delayed EV aggregators; delays; electric vehicles; electric vehicles battery; EV aggregator notion; EV participation; EVs aggregator; fewer frequency variations; FOPID controller; fractional‐order PID controller coefficients; frequency control; frequency control service; frequency variation signal; integral absolute error; integral time absolute error; LFC performance; LFC system; load demand; load frequency control systems; load regulation; mean absolute error indicators; power generation units; power system control; random behaviour; Research Article; salp swarm algorithm‐based fractional‐order PID controller; settling time; three‐term control; time‐varying delay; time‐varying systems; two‐area LFC systems; time-varying systems; electric vehicles; power generation units; ancillary services market; salp swarm algorithm-based fractional-order PID controller; electric vehicles battery; load frequency control systems; random behaviour; EV aggregator notion; LFC performance; frequency variation signal; EV participation; frequency control service; mean absolute error indicators; EVs aggregator; controller effectiveness; settling time; load regulation; integral time absolute error; load demand; three-term control; time-varying delay; integral absolute error; fewer frequency variations; control system synthesis; frequency control; delayed EV aggregators; two-area LFC systems; LFC system; FOPID controller; delays; power system control; fractional-order PID controller coefficients