Dynamic Retry Adaptation Scheme to Improve Transmission of H.264 HD Video over 802.11 Peer‐to‐Peer Networks

This paper presents a dynamic retry adaptation scheme for H.264 HD video, called DRAS.264, which dynamically adjusts the retry limits of frames at the medium access control (MAC) layer according to the impact those frames have on the streamed H.264 HD video. DRAS.264 is further improved with a bandw...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inETRI journal Vol. 37; no. 6; pp. 1096 - 1107
Main Authors Sinky, Mohammed, Lee, Ben, Lee, Tae‐Wook, Kim, Chang‐Gone, Shin, Jong‐Keun
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI) 01.12.2015
한국전자통신연구원
Subjects
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN1225-6463
2233-7326
2233-7326
DOI10.4218/etrij.15.0114.1263

Cover

Abstract This paper presents a dynamic retry adaptation scheme for H.264 HD video, called DRAS.264, which dynamically adjusts the retry limits of frames at the medium access control (MAC) layer according to the impact those frames have on the streamed H.264 HD video. DRAS.264 is further improved with a bandwidth estimation technique, better prediction of packet delays, and expanded results covering multi‐slice video. Our study is performed using the Open Evaluation Framework for Video Over Networks as a simulation environment for various congestion scenarios. Results show improvements in average peak signal‐to‐noise ratios of up to 4.45 dB for DRAS.264 in comparison to the default MAC layer operation. Furthermore, the ability of DRAS.264 to prioritize data of H.264 bitstreams reduces error propagation during video playback, leading to noticeable visual improvements.
AbstractList This paper presents Dynamic Retry Adaptation Scheme for H.264 video, called DRAS.264, which dynamically adjusts the retry limits of frames at the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer according to the impact those frames have on the streamed H.264 video. DRAS.264 is further improved with a bandwidth estimation technique, better prediction of packet delays, and expanded results covering multi-slice video. Our study is performed using the Open Evaluation Framework for Video Over Networks (OEFMON) as a simulation environment for various congestion scenarios. Results show improvements in average Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) of up to 4.45 dB for DRAS.264 in comparison to the default MAC layer operation. Furthermore, the ability of DRAS.264 to prioritize data of H.264 bitstreams reduces error propagation during video playback leading to noticeable visual improvements. KCI Citation Count: 0
This paper presents a dynamic retry adaptation scheme for H.264 HD video, called DRAS.264, which dynamically adjusts the retry limits of frames at the medium access control (MAC) layer according to the impact those frames have on the streamed H.264 HD video. DRAS.264 is further improved with a bandwidth estimation technique, better prediction of packet delays, and expanded results covering multi‐slice video. Our study is performed using the Open Evaluation Framework for Video Over Networks as a simulation environment for various congestion scenarios. Results show improvements in average peak signal‐to‐noise ratios of up to 4.45 dB for DRAS.264 in comparison to the default MAC layer operation. Furthermore, the ability of DRAS.264 to prioritize data of H.264 bitstreams reduces error propagation during video playback, leading to noticeable visual improvements.
Author Lee, Ben
Kim, Chang‐Gone
Sinky, Mohammed
Shin, Jong‐Keun
Lee, Tae‐Wook
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Mohammed
  surname: Sinky
  fullname: Sinky, Mohammed
  email: msinky@gmail.com
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Ben
  surname: Lee
  fullname: Lee, Ben
  email: benl@eecs.orst.edu
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Tae‐Wook
  surname: Lee
  fullname: Lee, Tae‐Wook
  email: twlee@lgdisplay.com
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Chang‐Gone
  surname: Kim
  fullname: Kim, Chang‐Gone
  email: cgkim02@lgdisplay.com
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Jong‐Keun
  surname: Shin
  fullname: Shin, Jong‐Keun
  email: rgbshin@lgdisplay.com
BackLink https://www.kci.go.kr/kciportal/ci/sereArticleSearch/ciSereArtiView.kci?sereArticleSearchBean.artiId=ART002050848$$DAccess content in National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)
BookMark eNqNkEFu2zAQRYkiBeokvUBXXHYjlUNSJLU0krQ2EKSB62RL0NSoZWyJBqnU0K5H6Bl7klhxD5DN_AHmv1m8c3LWxx4J-QSslBzMFxxSeCqhKhmALIEr8Y7MOBei0IKrMzIDzqtCSSU-kPOcnxjjTFZmRuL12LsueLo6vhjpvHH7wQ0h9vSH_4Ud0iHSZbdP8TfSdXJ97kLO0zm2dFFyJenimj6GBiM9VhI1jJcA9B4x_fvzd4jHMe30DodDTNt8Sd63bpfx4_-8IA9fb9ZXi-L2-7fl1fy28IJLVbTAjG_By81GaCMMF41C32ijJXpg2NZa641AVA1nBmqFUjBWc_SmUlwzcUE-n_72qbVbH2x04TV_RrtNdr5aL20NGuqpKk7V537vxoPb7ew-hc6l0QKzk177qtdCZSe9dtJ7pPiJ8inmnLB9G2RO0CHscHwDYW_WKw6sVuIFadySTg
Cites_doi 10.1109/MCOM.2006.1580940
10.1155/2009/682813
10.1109/TCSVT.2003.815167
10.1002/wcm.473
10.1002/9780470989418
10.1109/glocom.2004.1378908
10.1109/MCOM.2011.6011747
10.1145/2557977.2558088
10.1109/TMM.2003.822792
10.1109/TCSVT.2010.2077475
10.1016/j.comcom.2004.01.010
10.1109/TMM.2006.879827
10.1109/TMM.2006.886384
10.1109/MIC.2009.40
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright 2015 ETRI
Copyright_xml – notice: 2015 ETRI
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
ADTOC
UNPAY
ACYCR
DOI 10.4218/etrij.15.0114.1263
DatabaseName CrossRef
Unpaywall for CDI: Periodical Content
Unpaywall
Korean Citation Index
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
DatabaseTitleList

DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Engineering
EISSN 2233-7326
EndPage 1107
ExternalDocumentID oai_kci_go_kr_ARTI_917190
10.4218/etrij.15.0114.1263
10_4218_etrij_15_0114_1263
ETR21096
Genre article
GrantInformation_xml – fundername: Korean Federation of Science and Technology Societies (KOFST)
– fundername: LG Display Co., Korea and Ministry of Education Science and Technology (MEST)
GroupedDBID -~X
.4S
.DC
.UV
0R~
1OC
29G
2WC
5GY
5VS
9ZL
AAKPC
AAYBS
ACGFS
ACXQS
ACYCR
ADBBV
ADDVE
AENEX
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
ARCSS
AVUZU
BCNDV
DU5
E3Z
EBS
EDO
EJD
GROUPED_DOAJ
IPNFZ
ITG
ITH
JDI
KQ8
KVFHK
MK~
ML~
O9-
OK1
P5Y
RIG
RNS
TR2
TUS
WIN
XSB
AAMMB
AAYXX
ADMLS
AEFGJ
AGXDD
AIDQK
AIDYY
CITATION
OVT
ADTOC
UNPAY
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c3246-f108cf1c4bb3783823d6ecd7874ec10ef9777b3ee6d208196e430092ec8562703
ISSN 1225-6463
2233-7326
IngestDate Sun Mar 09 07:54:27 EDT 2025
Tue Aug 19 18:32:50 EDT 2025
Wed Oct 01 02:46:29 EDT 2025
Wed Jan 22 16:47:01 EST 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 6
Language English
LinkModel OpenURL
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c3246-f108cf1c4bb3783823d6ecd7874ec10ef9777b3ee6d208196e430092ec8562703
Notes Chang‐Gone Kim
are with LG Display Co. Ltd., LCD Laboratory, Paju, Rep. of Korea.
An earlier version of this work was published in the 8th International Conference on Ubiquitous Information Management and Communication (ICUIMC 2014).
benl@eecs.orst.edu
and Ben Lee
rgbshin@lgdisplay.com
Mohammed Sinky (corresponding author
cgkim02@lgdisplay.com
are with the School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, USA.
Tae‐Wook Lee
msinky@gmail.com
twlee@lgdisplay.com
and Jong‐Keun Shin
This work was supported in part by LG Display Co., Korea and Ministry of Education Science and Technology (MEST) and the Korean Federation of Science and Technology Societies (KOFST).
http://etrij.etri.re.kr/etrij/journal/article/article.do?volume=37&issue=6&page=1096
G704-001110.2015.38.6.006
OpenAccessLink https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.4218/etrij.15.0114.1263
PageCount 12
ParticipantIDs nrf_kci_oai_kci_go_kr_ARTI_917190
unpaywall_primary_10_4218_etrij_15_0114_1263
crossref_primary_10_4218_etrij_15_0114_1263
wiley_primary_10_4218_etrij_15_0114_1263_ETR21096
ProviderPackageCode CITATION
AAYXX
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate December 2015
2015-12-01
2015-12
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2015-12-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 12
  year: 2015
  text: December 2015
PublicationDecade 2010
PublicationTitle ETRI journal
PublicationYear 2015
Publisher Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI)
한국전자통신연구원
Publisher_xml – name: Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI)
– name: 한국전자통신연구원
References 2009; 13
2010; 20
2009; 2009
2012
2011
2010
2004; 27
2006; 44
2003; 13
2006; 8
2007; 9
2004; 6
2007; 7
2004; 5
2014
2011; 49
Key-10.4218/etrij.15.0114.1263-2
Key-10.4218/etrij.15.0114.1263-3
Key-10.4218/etrij.15.0114.1263-1
Key-10.4218/etrij.15.0114.1263-8
Key-10.4218/etrij.15.0114.1263-9
Key-10.4218/etrij.15.0114.1263-6
Key-10.4218/etrij.15.0114.1263-7
Key-10.4218/etrij.15.0114.1263-4
Key-10.4218/etrij.15.0114.1263-5
Key-10.4218/etrij.15.0114.1263-10
Key-10.4218/etrij.15.0114.1263-14
Key-10.4218/etrij.15.0114.1263-13
Key-10.4218/etrij.15.0114.1263-12
Key-10.4218/etrij.15.0114.1263-11
References_xml – year: 2011
– volume: 6
  start-page: 278
  issue: 2
  year: 2004
  end-page: 290
  article-title: “Providing Adaptive QoS to Layered Video over Wireless Local Area Networks through Real‐Time Retry Limit Adaptation,”
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Multimedia.
– volume: 49
  start-page: 153
  issue: 9
  year: 2011
  end-page: 161
  article-title: “OEFMON: An Open Evaluation Framework for Multimedia over Networks,”
  publication-title: IEEE Commun. Mag.
– start-page: 237
  year: 2010
  end-page: 248
– volume: 8
  start-page: 1082
  issue: 5
  year: 2006
  end-page: 1095
  article-title: “Classification‐Based System for Cross‐Layer Optimized Wireless Video Transmission,”
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Multimedia.
– volume: 20
  start-page: 1448
  issue: 11
  year: 2010
  end-page: 1461
  article-title: “Cross‐Layer Packet Retry Limit Adaptation for Video Transport over Wireless LANs,”
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol.
– volume: 44
  start-page: 107
  issue: 1
  year: 2006
  end-page: 114
  article-title: “Toward an Improvement of H.264 Video Transmission over IEEE 802.11e through a Cross‐Layer Architecture,”
  publication-title: IEEE Commun. Mag.
– volume: 2009
  start-page: 1
  year: 2009
  end-page: 13
  article-title: “A Cross‐Layer Framework for Efficient Streaming of H.264 Video over IEEE 802.11 Networks,”
  publication-title: J. Comput. Syst. Netw. Commun.
– volume: 13
  start-page: 657
  issue: 7
  year: 2003
  end-page: 673
  article-title: “H.264/AVC in Wireless Environments,”
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol.
– volume: 9
  start-page: 185
  issue: 1
  year: 2007
  end-page: 197
  article-title: “Cross‐Layer Packetization and Retransmission Strategies for Delay‐Sensitive Wireless Multimedia Transmission,”
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Multimedia.
– volume: 7
  start-page: 187
  issue: 2
  year: 2007
  end-page: 203
  article-title: “A Time‐Based Adaptive Retry Strategy for Video Streaming in 802.11 WLANs,”
  publication-title: Wireless Commun. Mobile Comput.
– volume: 13
  start-page: 74
  issue: 2
  year: 2009
  end-page: 82
  article-title: “Not All Packets are Equal, Part 2: The Impact of Network Packet Loss on Video Quality,”
  publication-title: IEEE Internet Comput.
– volume: 5
  start-page: 3027
  year: 2004
  end-page: 3031
  article-title: “Cross‐Layer Perceptual ARQ for H.264 Video Streaming over 802.11 Wireless Networks,”
– start-page: 1
  year: 2014
  end-page: 8
  article-title: “DRAS.264: A Dynamic Retry Adaptation Scheme to Improve Transmission of H.264 HD Video over 802.11 Peer‐to‐Peer Networks,”
– year: 2014
– year: 2010
– year: 2012
– volume: 27
  start-page: 1044
  issue: 11
  year: 2004
  end-page: 1155
  article-title: “Cross‐Layer Optimization of OFDM Transmission Systems for MPEG‐4 Video Streaming,”
  publication-title: Comput. Commun.
– ident: Key-10.4218/etrij.15.0114.1263-10
  doi: 10.1109/MCOM.2006.1580940
– ident: Key-10.4218/etrij.15.0114.1263-12
  doi: 10.1155/2009/682813
– ident: Key-10.4218/etrij.15.0114.1263-3
  doi: 10.1109/TCSVT.2003.815167
– ident: Key-10.4218/etrij.15.0114.1263-9
  doi: 10.1002/wcm.473
– ident: Key-10.4218/etrij.15.0114.1263-4
  doi: 10.1002/9780470989418
– ident: Key-10.4218/etrij.15.0114.1263-11
  doi: 10.1109/glocom.2004.1378908
– ident: Key-10.4218/etrij.15.0114.1263-13
  doi: 10.1109/MCOM.2011.6011747
– ident: Key-10.4218/etrij.15.0114.1263-2
  doi: 10.1145/2557977.2558088
– ident: Key-10.4218/etrij.15.0114.1263-5
  doi: 10.1109/TMM.2003.822792
– ident: Key-10.4218/etrij.15.0114.1263-8
  doi: 10.1109/TCSVT.2010.2077475
– ident: Key-10.4218/etrij.15.0114.1263-14
  doi: 10.1016/j.comcom.2004.01.010
– ident: Key-10.4218/etrij.15.0114.1263-6
  doi: 10.1109/TMM.2006.879827
– ident: Key-10.4218/etrij.15.0114.1263-7
  doi: 10.1109/TMM.2006.886384
– ident: Key-10.4218/etrij.15.0114.1263-1
  doi: 10.1109/MIC.2009.40
SSID ssj0020458
Score 2.034484
Snippet This paper presents a dynamic retry adaptation scheme for H.264 HD video, called DRAS.264, which dynamically adjusts the retry limits of frames at the medium...
This paper presents Dynamic Retry Adaptation Scheme for H.264 video, called DRAS.264, which dynamically adjusts the retry limits of frames at the Medium Access...
SourceID nrf
unpaywall
crossref
wiley
SourceType Open Website
Open Access Repository
Index Database
Publisher
StartPage 1096
SubjectTerms H.264
multimedia
network
streaming
Wireless
전자/정보통신공학
Title Dynamic Retry Adaptation Scheme to Improve Transmission of H.264 HD Video over 802.11 Peer‐to‐Peer Networks
URI https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.4218%2Fetrij.15.0114.1263
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.4218/etrij.15.0114.1263
https://www.kci.go.kr/kciportal/ci/sereArticleSearch/ciSereArtiView.kci?sereArticleSearchBean.artiId=ART002050848
UnpaywallVersion publishedVersion
Volume 37
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
ispartofPNX ETRI Journal, 2015, 37(6), , pp.1096-1107
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVAFT
  databaseName: Colorado Digital library
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2233-7326
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0020458
  issn: 2233-7326
  databaseCode: KQ8
  dateStart: 19930101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: http://grweb.coalliance.org/oadl/oadl.html
  providerName: Colorado Alliance of Research Libraries
– providerCode: PRVEBS
  databaseName: Inspec with Full Text
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2233-7326
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0020458
  issn: 2233-7326
  databaseCode: ADMLS
  dateStart: 20090601
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.ebsco.com/products/research-databases/inspec-full-text
  providerName: EBSCOhost
– providerCode: PRVWIB
  databaseName: KBPluse Wiley Online Library: Open Access
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2233-7326
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: true
  ssIdentifier: ssj0020458
  issn: 2233-7326
  databaseCode: AVUZU
  dateStart: 19930401
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.kbplus.ac.uk/kbplus7/publicExport/pkg/559
  providerName: Wiley-Blackwell
link http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3NjtMwEDbb7gE4IP5WlD8ZiVvIEieOkx4LXegiLULQLisuVuI4UO3SVG0qtJx4BJ6RJ2EmdrJpQaLsxY0st05mvtrfTGbGhDwVYaijjOeun2Wey6ModNNQJa4OQp7FHPZ4D_Odj96K0YS_OQlPdjpXWlFLqzLdV9__mldyGa1CH-gVs2T_Q7PNj0IHXIN-oQUNQ7uVjofmOHmQUbk4dwZZMrexgx9AFV-rQzGM00CbIuag06UliKN94CjOaOgcTzNdOBjI6cSeD2ub806DGusYiLJoLrEfE4QxlGu55tEfvz902jeMHhuwcSv9HRVf0DmebUT-vNCbsUDjRDdTfaypf9Kc91ylQTQDXhc2HMA6LFi4Efxx0BzvY4pQj_G8n3YyzLIJOmwFTADdxoep3SNmsYa1yBXcLpC66gO2E7hRYLLw6xXelJWxSG4v18zri9bWz-wJvJvbCgcehAArF1PYWrDOK-P7zK8nbtfwbkaH_x5fsQh4Kh9vo0N2_UgIv0t2B8eTT5PGa4BvstFrUD-syfzCSZ7_OcEau-rMFtBeXc3myfm35Oxs3f6qCNT4JrlhLR86MDC-RXb07Da53qqHeYcUFtC0AjS9ADQ1gKZlQS2gaRvQtMhpBWg6GtIK0BQBTQ2gKQL314-fZQENXtMaxHfJ5NXB-OXItSeCuAqIv3Bz5sUqZ4qnaRDF-Ao7E1plsOlwrZinc7BmojTQWmQ-cl2heYBVxbSKgefD5rZHujMA6D1CU-Bs_ZixPE0EVylLk1zlgQo5GgiqH_aIU0tSzk3hFwkGM8pdVnKXLJQod4ly75EnIGx5qqYS67Xj5-dCni4kWKWHss8i4N098qxRxVY_ySptbTFU1iC6f4nvPCDXLv6lD0m3XKz0IyDaZfrYQvE3Yj3Gjg
linkProvider Wiley-Blackwell
linkToHtml http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3NTtwwEB7BcqA9VEBbdWlLXYlbGxpvbCd7XJVFoYVVRXcR6sWKf1KtoMlqCaq49RH6jDwJM_GyKuKCenFycCbSjMffN2N7DLCrpPSpE2XUcy6ORJrKyEhbRD6RwmUCMT6m887HI5VPxJczebYCw7uzMKE-xDLhRp7Rztfk4JSQJi8XCEtkxWY-RU-nsptc7PGeSlZhTSKkyg6sDU4nPybLyItWAynywsEbKaGScHqG5Hx6KOUeQq1Wc2zXr6pZcf27uLi4z2FbEDrYgGcL9sgGwdybsOKrLXj6T03B51Dvhzvm2Qn-85oNXDELq-3sO9rnl2dNzUImwbMWqNDQlDFjdcnyPSQuLN9np1Pna0a7O1kW93DCY99Q_s2fv02NDb2zUdg_fvkCJgfD8ec8WtyqEFkkTyoqeZzZklthTJJmtAzolLcOHVd4y2NfIiNMTeK9cj3iC8qLhCozeZshV8IJ4iV0qrryr4AZxL1-xnlpCiWs4aYobZlYKYhk2b7swoc7TepZKJ6hMeggvetW75pLTXrXpPcuvEdl63M71VTzmp4_a30-18jsDzWGlchduvBxaYpHieSttR7RVQ_HJxj-9tX2f3zzDtbz8fGRPjocfX0NT5BUybDl5Q10mvmVf4vEpTE7i2F5C9z95Jw
linkToPdf http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1LT9tAEB7xkPo4VNAWNX1upd5agzfeXTvHqCEKLY0QJQj1svK-UAS1o9So4sZP4Df2l3TGG6IiLqgX2wd7LM23s983-5gF-KCk9LkTIek6lyYiz2VipC0Tn0nhCoEcn9J-529jNZqILyfyZAUGN3thYn2I5YAbRUbbX1OAz1ygIBfISgRiM59ioFPVTS62eVdlq7COfC6wna_3jyc_JsvEiyYDKfHCtpsoobK4eYbs7Ny1cougVqs5Xh9eVLPy8nd5fn5bwrYcNNyAJwvxyPoR7U1Y8dVTePxPScFnUA_iEfPsEP95yfqunMXJdvYd4fnpWVOzOJDgWctTiDMNmLE6sNE26hY2GrDjqfM1o8WdrEi72N-xA7T_5-q6qfFCz2wcl4__eg6T4e7R51GyOFQhsaidVBJ4WtjArTAmywuaBXTKW4dxK7zlqQ8oCHOTea9cl-SC8iKjwkzeFiiVsH_YgrWqrvwLYAZpr1dwHkyphDXclMGGzCICqLFsT3bg440n9SzWztCYc5Dfdet3zaUmv2vyewfeo7P1mZ1qKnlN99Nan801Cvs9jVklSpcOfFpCcS-TvEXrHq_q3aNDzH576uV_fPMOHhwMhnp_b_z1FTxCSSXjgpfXsNbML_wblC2NebtolX8Bgx_jxQ
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Dynamic+Retry+Adaptation+Scheme+to+Improve+Transmission+of+H.264+HD+Video+over+802.11+Peer%E2%80%90to%E2%80%90Peer+Networks&rft.jtitle=ETRI+journal&rft.au=Sinky%2C+Mohammed&rft.au=Lee%2C+Ben&rft.au=Lee%2C+Tae%E2%80%90Wook&rft.au=Kim%2C+Chang%E2%80%90Gone&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.pub=Electronics+and+Telecommunications+Research+Institute+%28ETRI%29&rft.issn=1225-6463&rft.eissn=2233-7326&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1096&rft.epage=1107&rft_id=info:doi/10.4218%2Fetrij.15.0114.1263&rft.externalDBID=10.4218%252Fetrij.15.0114.1263&rft.externalDocID=ETR21096
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1225-6463&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1225-6463&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1225-6463&client=summon