A Rule-Based Subject-Correlated Arabic Stemmer
Arabic is a derivational language that provides invaluable features. Arabic roots are basic forms that are used to formulate words. They are limited sets that encapsulate the word’s linguistic features. The knowledge of roots’ frequencies is a valuable additional feature, especially when it is bound...
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| Published in | Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering Vol. 41; no. 8; pp. 2883 - 2891 |
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| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Berlin/Heidelberg
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
01.08.2016
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1319-8025 2191-4281 |
| DOI | 10.1007/s13369-016-2029-2 |
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| Abstract | Arabic is a derivational language that provides invaluable features. Arabic roots are basic forms that are used to formulate words. They are limited sets that encapsulate the word’s linguistic features. The knowledge of roots’ frequencies is a valuable additional feature, especially when it is bound to a specific topic. This paper utilizes collision resulting from the stemming process where two or more words may have the same root. It minimizes the number of extracted roots within a specific subject using roots’ frequencies and explores its effect on multiple roots disambiguation. |
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| AbstractList | Arabic is a derivational language that provides invaluable features. Arabic roots are basic forms that are used to formulate words. They are limited sets that encapsulate the word’s linguistic features. The knowledge of roots’ frequencies is a valuable additional feature, especially when it is bound to a specific topic. This paper utilizes collision resulting from the stemming process where two or more words may have the same root. It minimizes the number of extracted roots within a specific subject using roots’ frequencies and explores its effect on multiple roots disambiguation. |
| Author | Belal, Nahla A. El-Defrawy, Mahmoud El-Sonbaty, Yasser |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Mahmoud surname: El-Defrawy fullname: El-Defrawy, Mahmoud organization: College of Computing and Information Technology, Arab Academy for Science and Technology – sequence: 2 givenname: Yasser surname: El-Sonbaty fullname: El-Sonbaty, Yasser organization: College of Computing and Information Technology, Arab Academy for Science and Technology – sequence: 3 givenname: Nahla A. surname: Belal fullname: Belal, Nahla A. email: nahlabelal@aast.edu organization: College of Computing and Information Technology, Arab Academy for Science and Technology |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1007/978-3-642-45358-8 10.1007/978-1-4020-6046-5_12 10.1136/amiajnl-2011-000464 10.1017/CBO9780511486975 10.3115/1118637.1118643 10.1145/564376.564425 10.1002/asi.10368 10.1007/978-3-642-40802-1_12 10.1145/584792.584848 10.1007/978-3-642-45111-9_44 10.1017/CBO9780511809071 10.3115/1654576.1654578 10.1515/9781501501289.273 10.1109/ICDAR.2007.4377110 10.1109/ITCC.2005.90 |
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| Copyright | King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals 2016 |
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| Keywords | Frequency map Derivational languages Text analysis Natural language processing Arabic stemmer |
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| References | Zerrouki, T.: Tashaphyne, arabic light stemmer/segment (2010), http://tashaphyne.sourceforge.net Ezzeldin, A.M.; Kholief, M.H.; El-Sonbaty, Y.: ALQASIM: Arabic language question answer selection in machines. In: Information Access Evaluation. Multilinguality, Multimodality, and Visualization, vol. 8138, pp. 100–103. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2013) Oraby, S.M.; El-Sonbaty, Y.; El-Nasr, M.A.: Exploring the effects of word roots for Arabic sentiment analysis. In: Conference on Natural Language Processing. Nagoya, Japan (2013) Larkey L.S., Ballesteros L., Connell M.E.: Light stemming for arabic information retrieval. In: Arabic Computational Morphology, pp. 221–243. Springer, Berlin (2007) Taghva, K.; Elkhoury, R.; Coombs, J.S.: Arabic stemming without a root dictionary. In: ITCC, vol. 1, pp. 152–157. (2005) Aljlayl, M.; Frieder, O.: On arabic search: improving the retrieval effectiveness via a light stemming approach. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management, pp. 340–347. ACM (2002) KhojaS.GarsideR.Stemming arabic text. Computing Department1999LancasterLancaster University Jing, H.; McKeown, K.R.: Cut and paste based text summarization. In: Proceedings of the 1st North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics conference, pp. 178–185. Association for Computational Linguistics (2000) Pasha, A.; Al-Badrashiny, M.; Kholy, A.E.; Eskander, R.; Diab, M.; N.; Habash, Pooleery, M.; Rambow, O.; Roth, R.: Madamira:Afast, comprehensive tool formorphological analysis and disambiguation of arabic. In: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation. Reykjavik, Iceland (2014) Diab M., Hacioglu K., Jurafsky D.: Automated methods for processing arabic text: from tokenization to base phrase chunking. In: Arabic Computational Morphology: Knowledge-based and Empirical Methods. Kluwer/Springer, Berlin (2007) Smrz, O.: Elixirfm: implementation of functional arabic morphology. In: Proceedings of the 2007 Workshop on Computational Approaches to Semitic Languages: Common Issues and Resources, pp. 1–8. Association for Computational Linguistics (2007) Nenkova, A.: Automatic text summarization of newswire: Lessons learned from the document understanding. In: AAAI, vol. 5, pp. 1436–1441 (2005) Ezzeldin, A.M.; El-Sonbaty, Y.; Kholief, M.H.: Exploring the effects of root expansion, sentence splitting and ontology on arabic answer selection. In: Natural Language Processing and Cognitive Science: Proceedings, p. 273.Walter de Gruyter Inc, Boston (2014) Oraby S., El-Sonbaty Y., El-Nasr M.A.: Finding opinion strength using rule-based parsing for arabic sentiment analysis. In: Advances in Soft Computing and its Applications, vol. 8266, pp. 509–520. Springer, Berlin (2013) RydingK.C.X.A reference grammar of modern standard Arabic2005CambridgeCambridge University Press10.1017/CBO9780511486975 Buckwalter, T.: Buckwalter Arabicmorphological analyzer version 1.0 (2002) CormenT.H.Introduction to Algorithms2009CambridgeMIT press1187.68679 Darwish, K.: Building a shallow arabic morphological analyzer in one day. In: Proceedings of the ACL-02 Workshop on Computational Approaches to Semitic Languages, pp. 1–8. Association for Computational Linguistics (2002) Larkey, L.S.; Ballesteros, L.; Connell, M.E.: Improving stemming for arabic information retrieval: light stemming and co-occurrence analysis. In: Proceedings of the 25th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, pp. 275–282. ACM (2002) Habash, N.; Rambow, O.; Roth, R.: Mada+ tokan: A toolkit for arabic tokenization, diacritization, morphological disambiguation, pos tagging, stemming and lemmatization. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Arabic Language Resources and Tools (MEDAR), pp. 102–109. Cairo, Egypt (2009) Saleh, S.N.; El-Sonbaty, Y.: A feature selection algorithm with redundancy reduction for text classification. In: 22nd International Symposium on Computer and information sciences, 2007. ISCIS 2007, pp. 1–6. IEEE (2007) Alansary, S.; Nagi, M.; Adly, N.: Building an international corpus of arabic (ica): progress of compilation stage. In: 7th International Conference on Language Engineering. Cairo, Egypt, 5–6 Dec 2007 Nadkarni, P.M.; Ohno-Machado, L.; Chapman, W.W.: Natural language processing: an introduction. J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc. 18(5), 544 (2011) ManningC.D.RaghavanP.SchutzeH.Introduction to Information Retrieval, vol. 12008CambridgeCambridge university press10.1017/CBO97805118090711160.68008 AlSughaiyer, I.A.; AlKharashi, I.A.: Arabic morphological analysis techniques: A comprehensive survey. J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci. Technol. 55(3), 189 (2004) ZitouniI.Natural language processing of semitic languages2014BerlinSpringer10.1007/978-3-642-45358-8 Hutchins, J.: The Georgetown-IBM experiment demonstrated in January 1954. In: Frederking R.E., Taylor K.B. (eds.) Machine translation: from real users to research: 6th conference of the association for machine translation in the Americas, AMTA 2004, Washington, DC, USA, September 28 - October 2, 2004. Proceedings. pp. 102–114. Springer, Berlin (2004) Fathalla, R.; El Sonbaty, Y.; Ismail, M.A.: Extraction of arabic words from complex color image. In: 9th IEEE International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR 2007). pp. 1223–1227. IEEE, Brazil (2007) Smrz, O.; Bielicky, V.; Kourilova, I.; Kracmar, J.; Hajic, J.; Zemanek, P.: Prague arabic dependency treebank: A word on the million words. In: Proceedings of the Workshop on Arabic and Local Languages (LREC 2008), pp. 16–23. Marrakech, Morocco (2008) 2029_CR25 2029_CR26 2029_CR27 2029_CR28 I. Zitouni (2029_CR19) 2014 2029_CR21 2029_CR22 2029_CR23 2029_CR24 2029_CR20 K.C.X. Ryding (2029_CR7) 2005 2029_CR14 2029_CR15 C.D. Manning (2029_CR29) 2008 2029_CR10 2029_CR11 2029_CR12 2029_CR13 2029_CR8 2029_CR6 2029_CR5 2029_CR4 2029_CR3 2029_CR2 2029_CR1 T.H. Cormen (2029_CR16) 2009 S. Khoja (2029_CR17) 1999 2029_CR9 2029_CR18 |
| References_xml | – reference: Ezzeldin, A.M.; Kholief, M.H.; El-Sonbaty, Y.: ALQASIM: Arabic language question answer selection in machines. In: Information Access Evaluation. Multilinguality, Multimodality, and Visualization, vol. 8138, pp. 100–103. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2013) – reference: Darwish, K.: Building a shallow arabic morphological analyzer in one day. In: Proceedings of the ACL-02 Workshop on Computational Approaches to Semitic Languages, pp. 1–8. Association for Computational Linguistics (2002) – reference: Hutchins, J.: The Georgetown-IBM experiment demonstrated in January 1954. In: Frederking R.E., Taylor K.B. (eds.) Machine translation: from real users to research: 6th conference of the association for machine translation in the Americas, AMTA 2004, Washington, DC, USA, September 28 - October 2, 2004. Proceedings. pp. 102–114. Springer, Berlin (2004) – reference: Nenkova, A.: Automatic text summarization of newswire: Lessons learned from the document understanding. In: AAAI, vol. 5, pp. 1436–1441 (2005) – reference: Diab M., Hacioglu K., Jurafsky D.: Automated methods for processing arabic text: from tokenization to base phrase chunking. In: Arabic Computational Morphology: Knowledge-based and Empirical Methods. Kluwer/Springer, Berlin (2007) – reference: Oraby S., El-Sonbaty Y., El-Nasr M.A.: Finding opinion strength using rule-based parsing for arabic sentiment analysis. In: Advances in Soft Computing and its Applications, vol. 8266, pp. 509–520. Springer, Berlin (2013) – reference: AlSughaiyer, I.A.; AlKharashi, I.A.: Arabic morphological analysis techniques: A comprehensive survey. J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci. Technol. 55(3), 189 (2004) – reference: Taghva, K.; Elkhoury, R.; Coombs, J.S.: Arabic stemming without a root dictionary. In: ITCC, vol. 1, pp. 152–157. (2005) – reference: Nadkarni, P.M.; Ohno-Machado, L.; Chapman, W.W.: Natural language processing: an introduction. J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc. 18(5), 544 (2011) – reference: Jing, H.; McKeown, K.R.: Cut and paste based text summarization. In: Proceedings of the 1st North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics conference, pp. 178–185. Association for Computational Linguistics (2000) – reference: Larkey L.S., Ballesteros L., Connell M.E.: Light stemming for arabic information retrieval. In: Arabic Computational Morphology, pp. 221–243. Springer, Berlin (2007) – reference: Habash, N.; Rambow, O.; Roth, R.: Mada+ tokan: A toolkit for arabic tokenization, diacritization, morphological disambiguation, pos tagging, stemming and lemmatization. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Arabic Language Resources and Tools (MEDAR), pp. 102–109. Cairo, Egypt (2009) – reference: Zerrouki, T.: Tashaphyne, arabic light stemmer/segment (2010), http://tashaphyne.sourceforge.net – reference: ManningC.D.RaghavanP.SchutzeH.Introduction to Information Retrieval, vol. 12008CambridgeCambridge university press10.1017/CBO97805118090711160.68008 – reference: Saleh, S.N.; El-Sonbaty, Y.: A feature selection algorithm with redundancy reduction for text classification. In: 22nd International Symposium on Computer and information sciences, 2007. ISCIS 2007, pp. 1–6. IEEE (2007) – reference: Aljlayl, M.; Frieder, O.: On arabic search: improving the retrieval effectiveness via a light stemming approach. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management, pp. 340–347. ACM (2002) – reference: CormenT.H.Introduction to Algorithms2009CambridgeMIT press1187.68679 – reference: KhojaS.GarsideR.Stemming arabic text. Computing Department1999LancasterLancaster University – reference: ZitouniI.Natural language processing of semitic languages2014BerlinSpringer10.1007/978-3-642-45358-8 – reference: Smrz, O.; Bielicky, V.; Kourilova, I.; Kracmar, J.; Hajic, J.; Zemanek, P.: Prague arabic dependency treebank: A word on the million words. In: Proceedings of the Workshop on Arabic and Local Languages (LREC 2008), pp. 16–23. Marrakech, Morocco (2008) – reference: Fathalla, R.; El Sonbaty, Y.; Ismail, M.A.: Extraction of arabic words from complex color image. In: 9th IEEE International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR 2007). pp. 1223–1227. IEEE, Brazil (2007) – reference: Pasha, A.; Al-Badrashiny, M.; Kholy, A.E.; Eskander, R.; Diab, M.; N.; Habash, Pooleery, M.; Rambow, O.; Roth, R.: Madamira:Afast, comprehensive tool formorphological analysis and disambiguation of arabic. In: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation. Reykjavik, Iceland (2014) – reference: RydingK.C.X.A reference grammar of modern standard Arabic2005CambridgeCambridge University Press10.1017/CBO9780511486975 – reference: Larkey, L.S.; Ballesteros, L.; Connell, M.E.: Improving stemming for arabic information retrieval: light stemming and co-occurrence analysis. In: Proceedings of the 25th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, pp. 275–282. ACM (2002) – reference: Alansary, S.; Nagi, M.; Adly, N.: Building an international corpus of arabic (ica): progress of compilation stage. In: 7th International Conference on Language Engineering. Cairo, Egypt, 5–6 Dec 2007 – reference: Oraby, S.M.; El-Sonbaty, Y.; El-Nasr, M.A.: Exploring the effects of word roots for Arabic sentiment analysis. In: Conference on Natural Language Processing. Nagoya, Japan (2013) – reference: Buckwalter, T.: Buckwalter Arabicmorphological analyzer version 1.0 (2002) – reference: Ezzeldin, A.M.; El-Sonbaty, Y.; Kholief, M.H.: Exploring the effects of root expansion, sentence splitting and ontology on arabic answer selection. In: Natural Language Processing and Cognitive Science: Proceedings, p. 273.Walter de Gruyter Inc, Boston (2014) – reference: Smrz, O.: Elixirfm: implementation of functional arabic morphology. In: Proceedings of the 2007 Workshop on Computational Approaches to Semitic Languages: Common Issues and Resources, pp. 1–8. Association for Computational Linguistics (2007) – ident: 2029_CR27 – volume-title: Natural language processing of semitic languages year: 2014 ident: 2029_CR19 doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-45358-8 – volume-title: Stemming arabic text. Computing Department year: 1999 ident: 2029_CR17 – ident: 2029_CR25 – volume-title: Introduction to Algorithms year: 2009 ident: 2029_CR16 – ident: 2029_CR20 doi: 10.1007/978-1-4020-6046-5_12 – ident: 2029_CR3 – ident: 2029_CR10 – ident: 2029_CR5 – ident: 2029_CR2 doi: 10.1136/amiajnl-2011-000464 – volume-title: A reference grammar of modern standard Arabic year: 2005 ident: 2029_CR7 doi: 10.1017/CBO9780511486975 – ident: 2029_CR14 – ident: 2029_CR28 – ident: 2029_CR18 doi: 10.3115/1118637.1118643 – ident: 2029_CR22 – ident: 2029_CR8 doi: 10.1145/564376.564425 – ident: 2029_CR26 – ident: 2029_CR6 doi: 10.1002/asi.10368 – ident: 2029_CR24 – ident: 2029_CR13 doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-40802-1_12 – ident: 2029_CR21 doi: 10.1145/584792.584848 – ident: 2029_CR11 doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-45111-9_44 – volume-title: Introduction to Information Retrieval, vol. 1 year: 2008 ident: 2029_CR29 doi: 10.1017/CBO9780511809071 – ident: 2029_CR23 doi: 10.3115/1654576.1654578 – ident: 2029_CR12 doi: 10.1515/9781501501289.273 – ident: 2029_CR1 doi: 10.1109/ICDAR.2007.4377110 – ident: 2029_CR4 – ident: 2029_CR9 doi: 10.1109/ITCC.2005.90 – ident: 2029_CR15 |
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| Title | A Rule-Based Subject-Correlated Arabic Stemmer |
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