A fusion approach to unconstrained iris recognition
► Analysis of different biometric recognition techniques. ► Fusion of such methods to achieve recognition on noisy iris data. ► Individual and global performance, with analysis of the improvement. ► Evaluation on both verification and identification modes. ► Conclusions show the applicability of our...
Saved in:
| Published in | Pattern recognition letters Vol. 33; no. 8; pp. 984 - 990 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Elsevier B.V
01.06.2012
|
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0167-8655 1872-7344 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017 |
Cover
| Abstract | ► Analysis of different biometric recognition techniques. ► Fusion of such methods to achieve recognition on noisy iris data. ► Individual and global performance, with analysis of the improvement. ► Evaluation on both verification and identification modes. ► Conclusions show the applicability of our study on non-cooperative scenarios.
As biometrics has evolved, the iris has remained a preferred trait because its uniqueness, lifetime stability and regular shape contribute to good segmentation and recognition performance. However, commercially deployed systems are characterized by strong acquisition constraints based on active subject cooperation, which is not always achievable or even reasonable for extensive deployment in everyday scenarios. Research on new techniques has been focused on lowering these constraints without significantly impacting performance while increasing system usability, and new approaches have rapidly emerged. Here we propose a novel fusion of different recognition approaches and describe how it can contribute to more reliable noncooperative iris recognition by compensating for degraded images captured in less constrained acquisition setups and protocols under visible wavelengths and varying lighting conditions. The proposed method was tested at the NICE.II (Noisy Iris Challenge Evaluation – Part 2) contest, and its performance was corroborated by a third-place finish. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | ► Analysis of different biometric recognition techniques. ► Fusion of such methods to achieve recognition on noisy iris data. ► Individual and global performance, with analysis of the improvement. ► Evaluation on both verification and identification modes. ► Conclusions show the applicability of our study on non-cooperative scenarios.
As biometrics has evolved, the iris has remained a preferred trait because its uniqueness, lifetime stability and regular shape contribute to good segmentation and recognition performance. However, commercially deployed systems are characterized by strong acquisition constraints based on active subject cooperation, which is not always achievable or even reasonable for extensive deployment in everyday scenarios. Research on new techniques has been focused on lowering these constraints without significantly impacting performance while increasing system usability, and new approaches have rapidly emerged. Here we propose a novel fusion of different recognition approaches and describe how it can contribute to more reliable noncooperative iris recognition by compensating for degraded images captured in less constrained acquisition setups and protocols under visible wavelengths and varying lighting conditions. The proposed method was tested at the NICE.II (Noisy Iris Challenge Evaluation – Part 2) contest, and its performance was corroborated by a third-place finish. |
| Author | Santos, Gil Hoyle, Edmundo |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Gil surname: Santos fullname: Santos, Gil email: gmelfe@ubi.pt organization: Department of Computer Science, IT – Instituto de Telecomunicações, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal – sequence: 2 givenname: Edmundo surname: Hoyle fullname: Hoyle, Edmundo email: edhoyle@pads.ufrj.br organization: Department of Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
| BookMark | eNqFj81KxDAUhYOM4Dj6Bi76Aq03TZq0LoRh8A8G3Og6pOmtZhiTkmQE396UceVCV_cuznc43zlZOO-QkCsKFQUqrnfVpFNAU9VAaQVtBVSekCVtZV1KxvmCLHNMlq1omjNyHuMOAATr2iVh62I8ROtdoacpeG3ei-SLgzPexRS0dTgUNthY5Hr_5mzK0QtyOup9xMufuyKv93cvm8dy-_zwtFlvS8NApHIAMQg2tJRqzL9sekkFcpCs7hsqho4b2nNeS9Mjdl0PRrcjCsARqa45Yytyc-w1wccYcFTGJj0vmJftFQU166udOuqrWV9Bq7J-hvkveAr2Q4ev_7DbI4ZZ7NNiUNFYdAYHm6NJDd7-XfANstF5IQ |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1016_j_knosys_2015_10_024 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00371_018_1544_4 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_patrec_2014_09_012 crossref_primary_10_1186_1687_6180_2014_95 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_asoc_2015_08_035 crossref_primary_10_1155_2021_6641247 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10462_021_10028_w crossref_primary_10_1016_j_inffus_2015_03_005 crossref_primary_10_3390_s21113721 crossref_primary_10_29121_granthaalayah_v6_i1_2018_1596 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_patcog_2014_01_016 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_patrec_2015_08_026 crossref_primary_10_3390_math9212790 crossref_primary_10_3390_math10234604 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_knosys_2014_11_002 crossref_primary_10_1109_TIFS_2013_2262942 crossref_primary_10_4304_jetwi_6_2_243_246 crossref_primary_10_1109_TIFS_2011_2177659 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2022_3203579 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11633_023_1415_y crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jksuci_2019_06_003 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_patrec_2015_10_018 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_patrec_2017_12_009 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cviu_2022_103583 crossref_primary_10_3390_s17122933 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2018_2874056 crossref_primary_10_1109_TIV_2022_3179648 crossref_primary_10_1117_1_JEI_26_2_023005 crossref_primary_10_1109_TIFS_2014_2339496 crossref_primary_10_4236_jcc_2016_41003 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_neucom_2013_01_066 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_engappai_2023_107056 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2019_2937809 crossref_primary_10_1088_1742_6596_2318_1_012037 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_patrec_2011_11_024 crossref_primary_10_1109_JSEN_2022_3149286 crossref_primary_10_1109_TIFS_2018_2833033 crossref_primary_10_1142_S0218001414560102 crossref_primary_10_1177_1729881417703931 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1109/MC.2010.55 10.1016/0031-3203(81)90009-1 10.1054/ebon.2002.0002 10.1016/j.imavis.2009.05.008 10.1023/B:VISI.0000029664.99615.94 10.1109/TSMCB.2008.2009071 10.1109/ICPR.2010.58 10.1109/TPAMI.1986.4767851 10.1109/KES.1997.619433 10.1109/TPAMI.2009.66 10.1109/TCSVT.2003.818350 10.1109/CISP.2010.5647404 10.1109/ITNG.2008.254 10.1109/78.668573 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | 2011 Elsevier B.V. |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: 2011 Elsevier B.V. |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef |
| DatabaseTitleList | |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Engineering Computer Science |
| EISSN | 1872-7344 |
| EndPage | 990 |
| ExternalDocumentID | 10_1016_j_patrec_2011_08_017 S0167865511002686 |
| GroupedDBID | --M .DC .~1 0R~ 123 1RT 1~. 1~5 4.4 457 4G. 53G 5VS 7-5 71M 8P~ 9JN AABNK AACTN AAEDT AAEDW AAIAV AAIKJ AAKOC AALRI AAOAW AAQFI AAXUO AAYFN ABBOA ABFNM ABFRF ABJNI ABMAC ABXDB ABYKQ ACDAQ ACGFO ACGFS ACNNM ACRLP ACZNC ADBBV ADEZE ADMUD ADTZH AEBSH AECPX AEFWE AEKER AENEX AFKWA AFTJW AGHFR AGUBO AGYEJ AHHHB AHJVU AHZHX AIALX AIEXJ AIKHN AITUG AJBFU AJOXV ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AMFUW AMRAJ AOUOD AXJTR BJAXD BKOJK BLXMC CS3 DU5 EBS EFJIC EFLBG EO8 EO9 EP2 EP3 F5P FDB FIRID FNPLU FYGXN G-Q GBLVA GBOLZ HZ~ J1W JJJVA KOM LG9 LY1 M41 MO0 N9A O-L O9- OAUVE OZT P-8 P-9 P2P PC. Q38 RIG RNS ROL SDF SDG SDP SES SPC SPCBC SST SSV SSZ T5K TN5 UNMZH WH7 XPP ZMT ~G- --K 1B1 29O AAQXK AATTM AAXKI AAYWO AAYXX ABDPE ABWVN ACLOT ACRPL ACVFH ADCNI ADJOM ADMXK ADNMO AEIPS AEUPX AFJKZ AFPUW AGQPQ AIGII AIIUN AKBMS AKRWK AKYEP ANKPU APXCP ASPBG AVWKF AZFZN CITATION EFKBS EJD FEDTE FGOYB HLZ HVGLF IHE R2- RPZ SBC SDS SEW VOH WUQ Y6R ~HD |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c306t-d06d63d811aed0675b716e40732b516d94c1b4427cbee99b0ca8fe60efe1a2433 |
| IEDL.DBID | .~1 |
| ISSN | 0167-8655 |
| IngestDate | Thu Apr 24 23:12:26 EDT 2025 Wed Oct 01 06:48:43 EDT 2025 Fri Feb 23 02:26:36 EST 2024 |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 8 |
| Keywords | Nonideal iris images Unconstrained biometrics Decision fusion Iris recognition |
| Language | English |
| License | https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0 |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c306t-d06d63d811aed0675b716e40732b516d94c1b4427cbee99b0ca8fe60efe1a2433 |
| PageCount | 7 |
| ParticipantIDs | crossref_citationtrail_10_1016_j_patrec_2011_08_017 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_patrec_2011_08_017 elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_patrec_2011_08_017 |
| ProviderPackageCode | CITATION AAYXX |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2012-06-01 2012-6-00 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2012-06-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 06 year: 2012 text: 2012-06-01 day: 01 |
| PublicationDecade | 2010 |
| PublicationTitle | Pattern recognition letters |
| PublicationYear | 2012 |
| Publisher | Elsevier B.V |
| Publisher_xml | – name: Elsevier B.V |
| References | Agresti (b0005) 2002 Miller, Rawls, Pundlik, Woodard (b0070) 2010 Park, U., Ross, A., Jain, A., 2009. Periocular biometrics in the visible spectrum: A feasibility study. In: BTAS’09: Proc. IEEE 3rd Internat. Conf. on Biometrics: Theory, Applications, and Systems, 2009, pp. 1–6. Monwar, M., Gavrilova, M., 2008. FES: A system for combining face, ear and signature biometrics using rank level fusion. In: ITNG 2008: Fifth Internat. Conf. on Information Technology: New Generations, pp. 922–927. Pietikainen (b0090) 2005; vol. 3540 Canny (b0025) 1986 Lowe (b0065) 2004; 60 Sugiyama (b0110) 2006 Hosmer, Lemeshow (b0050) 2000 Boles, Boashash (b0020) 1998; 46 Woodard, D., Pundlik, S., Miller, P., Jillela, R., Ross, A., 2010. On the fusion of periocular and iris biometrics in non-ideal imagery. In: ICPR 2010: Proc. 20th Internat. Conf. on Pattern Recognition, pp. 201–204. Ballard (b0010) 1981; 13 Santos, G., Proença, H., 2010. Iris recognition: Analyzing the distribution of iriscodes concordant bits. In: CISP 2010: Proc. 3rd Internat. Congress on Image and Signal Processing, vol. 4, pp. 1873–1877. Proença, Filipe, Santos, Oliveira, Alexandre (b0095) 2010; 32 Daugman (b0040) 2004; 14 Daugman, J., Williams, G., 1996. A proposed standard for biometric decidability. In: Proceedings of the CardTech/SecureTech Conf., pp. 223–234. Hoyle, E., Feitosa, R., Petraglia, A., 2009. Iris recognition using one-dimensional signal analysis. In: Proc. 8th Internat. Seminar on Electrical Metrology. Monwar, Gavrilova (b0080) 2009; 39 Cantor (b0030) 2002; 3 Boles, W., 1997. A security system based on human iris identification using wavelet transform. In: KES’97: Proc. First Internat. Conf. on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Electronic Systems, vol. 2, pp. 533–541. Tan, He, Sun (b0115) 2010; 28 Daubechies (b0035) 1992 Hoyle, E., Feitosa, R., Petraglia, A., 2010. VIII Semetro Book, EDUFCG: Editora da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 2010, pp. 141–161 (Chapter. 8: Robust Iris Segmentation for Biometric Recognition). Savvides, Ricanek, Woodard, Dozier (b0105) 2010; 43 Lowe (10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0065) 2004; 60 10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0085 10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0060 Sugiyama (10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0110) 2006 Ballard (10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0010) 1981; 13 Hosmer (10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0050) 2000 Proença (10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0095) 2010; 32 Cantor (10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0030) 2002; 3 Daubechies (10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0035) 1992 Tan (10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0115) 2010; 28 Canny (10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0025) 1986 Miller (10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0070) 2010 10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0015 Pietikainen (10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0090) 2005; vol. 3540 Boles (10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0020) 1998; 46 Daugman (10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0040) 2004; 14 10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0055 Monwar (10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0080) 2009; 39 Savvides (10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0105) 2010; 43 10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0045 10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0100 Agresti (10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0005) 2002 10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0075 10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0120 |
| References_xml | – year: 2000 ident: b0050 article-title: Applied logistic regression (Wiley Series in probability and statistics) – reference: Hoyle, E., Feitosa, R., Petraglia, A., 2009. Iris recognition using one-dimensional signal analysis. In: Proc. 8th Internat. Seminar on Electrical Metrology. – volume: 43 start-page: 56 year: 2010 end-page: 62 ident: b0105 article-title: Unconstrained biometric identification: Emerging technologies publication-title: Computer – reference: Woodard, D., Pundlik, S., Miller, P., Jillela, R., Ross, A., 2010. On the fusion of periocular and iris biometrics in non-ideal imagery. In: ICPR 2010: Proc. 20th Internat. Conf. on Pattern Recognition, pp. 201–204. – volume: 46 start-page: 1185 year: 1998 end-page: 1188 ident: b0020 article-title: A human identification technique using images of the iris and wavelet transform publication-title: IEEE Trans. Signal Process. – start-page: 905 year: 2006 end-page: 912 ident: b0110 article-title: Local fisher discriminant analysis for supervised dimensionality reduction publication-title: ICML’06: Proc. 23rd Internat. Conf. on Machine Learning – start-page: 679 year: 1986 end-page: 698 ident: b0025 article-title: A computational approach to edge detection publication-title: IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Machine Intell. PAMI-8 – volume: 60 start-page: 91 year: 2004 end-page: 110 ident: b0065 article-title: Distinctive image features from scale-invariant keypoints publication-title: Internat. J. Comput. Vision – volume: 39 start-page: 867 year: 2009 end-page: 878 ident: b0080 article-title: Multimodal biometric system using rank-level fusion approach publication-title: IEEE Trans. Systems Man Cybernet. Part B: Cybernetics – start-page: 1496 year: 2010 end-page: 1500 ident: b0070 article-title: Personal identification using periocular skin texture publication-title: SAC’10: Proc. 2010 ACM Symp. on Applied Computing – reference: Monwar, M., Gavrilova, M., 2008. FES: A system for combining face, ear and signature biometrics using rank level fusion. In: ITNG 2008: Fifth Internat. Conf. on Information Technology: New Generations, pp. 922–927. – volume: 3 start-page: 52 year: 2002 end-page: 53 ident: b0030 article-title: Understanding logistic regression publication-title: Evidence-based Oncology – year: 2002 ident: b0005 article-title: Categorical Data Analysis (Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics) – year: 1992 ident: b0035 article-title: Ten Lectures on Wavelets – reference: Park, U., Ross, A., Jain, A., 2009. Periocular biometrics in the visible spectrum: A feasibility study. In: BTAS’09: Proc. IEEE 3rd Internat. Conf. on Biometrics: Theory, Applications, and Systems, 2009, pp. 1–6. – volume: 28 start-page: 223 year: 2010 end-page: 230 ident: b0115 article-title: Efficient and robust segmentation of noisy iris images for non-cooperative iris recognition publication-title: Image Vision Comput. – volume: vol. 3540 start-page: 115 year: 2005 end-page: 118 ident: b0090 article-title: Image analysis with local binary patterns publication-title: Image Analysis – reference: Santos, G., Proença, H., 2010. Iris recognition: Analyzing the distribution of iriscodes concordant bits. In: CISP 2010: Proc. 3rd Internat. Congress on Image and Signal Processing, vol. 4, pp. 1873–1877. – volume: 13 start-page: 111 year: 1981 end-page: 122 ident: b0010 article-title: Generalizing the Hough transform to detect arbitrary shapes publication-title: Pattern Recognition – reference: Boles, W., 1997. A security system based on human iris identification using wavelet transform. In: KES’97: Proc. First Internat. Conf. on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Electronic Systems, vol. 2, pp. 533–541. – volume: 14 start-page: 21 year: 2004 end-page: 30 ident: b0040 article-title: How iris recognition works publication-title: IEEE Trans. Circuits Systems Video Technol. – reference: Hoyle, E., Feitosa, R., Petraglia, A., 2010. VIII Semetro Book, EDUFCG: Editora da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 2010, pp. 141–161 (Chapter. 8: Robust Iris Segmentation for Biometric Recognition). – volume: 32 start-page: 1529 year: 2010 end-page: 1535 ident: b0095 article-title: The ubiris.v2: A database of visible wavelength iris images captured on-the-move and at-a-distance publication-title: IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Machine Intell. – reference: Daugman, J., Williams, G., 1996. A proposed standard for biometric decidability. In: Proceedings of the CardTech/SecureTech Conf., pp. 223–234. – volume: 43 start-page: 56 year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0105 article-title: Unconstrained biometric identification: Emerging technologies publication-title: Computer doi: 10.1109/MC.2010.55 – volume: 13 start-page: 111 issue: 2 year: 1981 ident: 10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0010 article-title: Generalizing the Hough transform to detect arbitrary shapes publication-title: Pattern Recognition doi: 10.1016/0031-3203(81)90009-1 – volume: 3 start-page: 52 issue: 2 year: 2002 ident: 10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0030 article-title: Understanding logistic regression publication-title: Evidence-based Oncology doi: 10.1054/ebon.2002.0002 – ident: 10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0060 – volume: vol. 3540 start-page: 115 year: 2005 ident: 10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0090 article-title: Image analysis with local binary patterns – volume: 28 start-page: 223 issue: 2 year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0115 article-title: Efficient and robust segmentation of noisy iris images for non-cooperative iris recognition publication-title: Image Vision Comput. doi: 10.1016/j.imavis.2009.05.008 – ident: 10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0055 – volume: 60 start-page: 91 year: 2004 ident: 10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0065 article-title: Distinctive image features from scale-invariant keypoints publication-title: Internat. J. Comput. Vision doi: 10.1023/B:VISI.0000029664.99615.94 – volume: 39 start-page: 867 issue: 4 year: 2009 ident: 10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0080 article-title: Multimodal biometric system using rank-level fusion approach publication-title: IEEE Trans. Systems Man Cybernet. Part B: Cybernetics doi: 10.1109/TSMCB.2008.2009071 – year: 2002 ident: 10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0005 – ident: 10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0120 doi: 10.1109/ICPR.2010.58 – year: 1992 ident: 10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0035 – start-page: 679 issue: 6 year: 1986 ident: 10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0025 article-title: A computational approach to edge detection publication-title: IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Machine Intell. PAMI-8 doi: 10.1109/TPAMI.1986.4767851 – start-page: 1496 year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0070 article-title: Personal identification using periocular skin texture – start-page: 905 year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0110 article-title: Local fisher discriminant analysis for supervised dimensionality reduction – ident: 10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0015 doi: 10.1109/KES.1997.619433 – ident: 10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0045 – volume: 32 start-page: 1529 year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0095 article-title: The ubiris.v2: A database of visible wavelength iris images captured on-the-move and at-a-distance publication-title: IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Machine Intell. doi: 10.1109/TPAMI.2009.66 – volume: 14 start-page: 21 issue: 1 year: 2004 ident: 10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0040 article-title: How iris recognition works publication-title: IEEE Trans. Circuits Systems Video Technol. doi: 10.1109/TCSVT.2003.818350 – ident: 10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0100 doi: 10.1109/CISP.2010.5647404 – ident: 10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0075 doi: 10.1109/ITNG.2008.254 – ident: 10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0085 – volume: 46 start-page: 1185 issue: 4 year: 1998 ident: 10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0020 article-title: A human identification technique using images of the iris and wavelet transform publication-title: IEEE Trans. Signal Process. doi: 10.1109/78.668573 – year: 2000 ident: 10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017_b0050 |
| SSID | ssj0006398 |
| Score | 2.3045244 |
| Snippet | ► Analysis of different biometric recognition techniques. ► Fusion of such methods to achieve recognition on noisy iris data. ► Individual and global... |
| SourceID | crossref elsevier |
| SourceType | Enrichment Source Index Database Publisher |
| StartPage | 984 |
| SubjectTerms | Decision fusion Iris recognition Nonideal iris images Unconstrained biometrics |
| Title | A fusion approach to unconstrained iris recognition |
| URI | https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.patrec.2011.08.017 |
| Volume | 33 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| journalDatabaseRights | – providerCode: PRVESC databaseName: Baden-Württemberg Complete Freedom Collection (Elsevier) customDbUrl: eissn: 1872-7344 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0006398 issn: 0167-8655 databaseCode: GBLVA dateStart: 20110101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.sciencedirect.com providerName: Elsevier – providerCode: PRVESC databaseName: Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals customDbUrl: eissn: 1872-7344 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0006398 issn: 0167-8655 databaseCode: AIKHN dateStart: 19950101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.sciencedirect.com providerName: Elsevier – providerCode: PRVESC databaseName: Elsevier SD Complete Freedom Collection [SCCMFC] customDbUrl: eissn: 1872-7344 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0006398 issn: 0167-8655 databaseCode: ACRLP dateStart: 19950101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.sciencedirect.com providerName: Elsevier – providerCode: PRVESC databaseName: ScienceDirect (Elsevier) customDbUrl: eissn: 1872-7344 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0006398 issn: 0167-8655 databaseCode: .~1 dateStart: 19950101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.sciencedirect.com providerName: Elsevier – providerCode: PRVLSH databaseName: Elsevier Journals customDbUrl: mediaType: online eissn: 1872-7344 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0006398 issn: 0167-8655 databaseCode: AKRWK dateStart: 19821001 isFulltext: true providerName: Library Specific Holdings |
| link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3PS8MwFH6MedGDP6bi_DFy8FrXNlnaHsdwTMVddLBbaZJXmEg3pLv6t5vXNtsEUfDYkED4mrz3JXz5HsAtKqNzP7cnVR1rz1Jq42U59z0Tc8zRrqkwowv956mczMTjfDBvwci9hSFZZRP765heReumpd-g2V8tFv0XEtDTs0oyPQtlTLbbQkRUxeDucyvzsBk4dv7e1Ns9n6s0XnTfjHpr5FmVLfshPe2knPExHDZckQ3r6ZxAC4sOHLk6DKzZlh042DEVPAU-ZPma7sCY8wtn5ZLZ9EVMkApCoGELu7XZRju0LM5gNr5_HU28pjSCpy3HLz3jSyO5iYMgQ0OkX9lzDwrCVg0CaRKhAyVEGGmFmCTK11mco_Qt_kEWCs7PoV0sC7wAZqRKUHKZhJadBCpSlsFhnFTkIve56AJ3iKS68Q2n2b6nTiD2ltY4poRjSlUtg6gL3mbUqvbN-KN_5MBOv_3_1Ib2X0de_nvkFezbr7AWfl1Du_xY442lGKXqVWuoB3vDh6fJ9AveBNBD |
| linkProvider | Elsevier |
| linkToHtml | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV07T8MwED6VMgADjwKiPD2whiax6yRjVVEVaLvQSt2s-BGpCLUVSld-O74kbouEQGKNbcm62HffWd99B3BvpFaZn9lMVcXKs5Bae2lGfU_H1GTGnqkwxQf94Yj3J-x52p7WoOtqYZBWWfn-0qcX3rr60qqs2VrOZq1XJNBjWSWKnoU85juwy9phhBnYw-eG52FDcOwEvnG6q58rSF744GzURsmz6Fv2Q3zaijm9YziswCLplPs5gZqZN-DINWIg1b1swMGWquAp0A7JVvgIRpxgOMkXxMYvhILYEcJoMrN3m6zJQ4v5GUx6j-Nu36t6I3jKgvzc0z7XnOo4CFKjEfVLm_gYhsaV7YDrhKlAMhZGShqTJNJXaZwZ7tsfEKQho_Qc6vPF3FwA0VwmhlOehBaeBDKSFsKZOCnQReZT1gTqLCJUJRyOu30XjiH2Jko7CrSjwLaWQdQEb71qWQpn_DE_csYW3w6AsL7915WX_155B3v98XAgBk-jlyvYtyNhyQK7hnr-sTI3Fm_k8rY4T1_e9dHY |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+fusion+approach+to+unconstrained+iris+recognition&rft.jtitle=Pattern+recognition+letters&rft.au=Santos%2C+Gil&rft.au=Hoyle%2C+Edmundo&rft.date=2012-06-01&rft.issn=0167-8655&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=984&rft.epage=990&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.patrec.2011.08.017&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_1016_j_patrec_2011_08_017 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0167-8655&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0167-8655&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0167-8655&client=summon |