An efficient approach for the siting and sizing problem of distributed generation
•Location and capacity of DG with multiple generation units are determined.•Simple and approximate model of the MINLP problem.•Search space reduction is validated using brute force algorithm.•Objective function considers power losses and generation costs. This paper deals with the subject of finding...
Saved in:
| Published in | International journal of electrical power & energy systems Vol. 69; pp. 167 - 172 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Elsevier Ltd
01.07.2015
|
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0142-0615 1879-3517 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011 |
Cover
| Abstract | •Location and capacity of DG with multiple generation units are determined.•Simple and approximate model of the MINLP problem.•Search space reduction is validated using brute force algorithm.•Objective function considers power losses and generation costs.
This paper deals with the subject of finding the site and size of distributed generation in distribution systems. This problem corresponds to a mixed-integer nonlinear problem which is difficult and hard to solve with classical optimization techniques. Many approaches and with different objective functions have been applied to solve it. In this paper, the problem to solve comprises multiple distributed generation sources and the objective of minimizing power losses and generation costs, both for the distributed and conventional generators. Since it is highly combinatorial, a search space reduction is needed. So, an approximate model is used to reduce the search space of the possible buses where the distributed generation has to be located. Then, for each combination of the reduced space search, a nonlinear equations system is solved by a numerical method to get the size of the distributed generation, checking the voltage limits and the lines’ capacities. To test the method, a comparison between the proposed algorithm and a force brute algorithm is performed on a 69 and 118 bus test systems. The obtained results indicate that this method find the optimal or near optimal solution in a reasonable computation time. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | •Location and capacity of DG with multiple generation units are determined.•Simple and approximate model of the MINLP problem.•Search space reduction is validated using brute force algorithm.•Objective function considers power losses and generation costs.
This paper deals with the subject of finding the site and size of distributed generation in distribution systems. This problem corresponds to a mixed-integer nonlinear problem which is difficult and hard to solve with classical optimization techniques. Many approaches and with different objective functions have been applied to solve it. In this paper, the problem to solve comprises multiple distributed generation sources and the objective of minimizing power losses and generation costs, both for the distributed and conventional generators. Since it is highly combinatorial, a search space reduction is needed. So, an approximate model is used to reduce the search space of the possible buses where the distributed generation has to be located. Then, for each combination of the reduced space search, a nonlinear equations system is solved by a numerical method to get the size of the distributed generation, checking the voltage limits and the lines’ capacities. To test the method, a comparison between the proposed algorithm and a force brute algorithm is performed on a 69 and 118 bus test systems. The obtained results indicate that this method find the optimal or near optimal solution in a reasonable computation time. |
| Author | Martín García, Juan Andrés Gil Mena, Antonio José |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Antonio José surname: Gil Mena fullname: Gil Mena, Antonio José email: antonio.gil@uca.es – sequence: 2 givenname: Juan Andrés surname: Martín García fullname: Martín García, Juan Andrés email: juanandres.martin@uca.es |
| BookMark | eNqFkM1KAzEUhYNUsK2-gYu8wIxJJpkfF0Ip_kFBBF2HTHLTZmgzQxIFfXpnrCsXCgfuWdxzuPdboJnvPSB0SUlOCS2vutx1MEDMGaEiJ3QUPUFzWldNVghazdCcUM4yUlJxhhYxdoSQquFsjp5XHoO1TjvwCathCL3SO2z7gNMOcHTJ-S1W3oz2c7LjQruHA-4tNi6m4Nq3BAZvwUNQyfX-HJ1atY9w8TOX6PXu9mX9kG2e7h_Xq02mC1KmrC2BC1sqzlVtKVN1w0tmdFFXpeHcMCpAtMZyYTgBxTRrKmVE0bbWVqauTLFE18deHfoYA1ipXfq-IAXl9pISOcGRnTzCkRMcSegoOob5r_AQ3EGFj_9iN8cYjI-9OwgyTuA0GBdAJ2l693fBF96phGg |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1049_rpg2_12107 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_egyr_2020_07_016 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_apenergy_2019_03_090 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijepes_2015_12_014 crossref_primary_10_1049_iet_stg_2018_0209 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_energy_2024_133463 crossref_primary_10_1109_TIA_2024_3382255 crossref_primary_10_1063_1_5020190 crossref_primary_10_3390_su16041521 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_energy_2016_09_046 crossref_primary_10_1049_rpg2_12949 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rser_2017_01_055 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rser_2015_04_027 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aej_2017_03_002 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40866_019_0060_6 crossref_primary_10_1002_2050_7038_12230 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aej_2019_10_009 crossref_primary_10_1002_er_4864 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijepes_2018_02_009 crossref_primary_10_3390_en11010255 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40565_017_0274_3 crossref_primary_10_1515_pjbr_2022_0119 crossref_primary_10_1007_s42835_021_00829_y crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rser_2015_11_086 crossref_primary_10_1002_ep_13686 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijepes_2019_03_026 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jestch_2016_03_002 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_renene_2017_12_106 crossref_primary_10_3390_en16217261 crossref_primary_10_3390_pr8050559 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_est_2021_103092 crossref_primary_10_3390_en14061744 crossref_primary_10_1109_TIA_2023_3341876 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2020_2968462 crossref_primary_10_3390_en12091728 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rser_2019_06_026 crossref_primary_10_1007_s13369_022_07557_z crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rser_2015_12_099 crossref_primary_10_3390_en15217850 crossref_primary_10_3390_en13143746 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2021_3090213 crossref_primary_10_3390_en14041084 crossref_primary_10_3390_en81012147 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_asoc_2016_09_015 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_energy_2019_02_086 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jestch_2020_12_007 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_egycc_2020_100004 crossref_primary_10_1051_e3sconf_202454701013 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1016/j.ijepes.2013.06.023 10.1016/j.ijepes.2013.02.023 10.1016/j.ijepes.2013.09.007 10.1109/TPWRS.2005.852115 10.1016/j.epsr.2011.11.016 10.1109/TEC.2010.2044414 10.1016/j.epsr.2008.12.007 10.1016/j.ijepes.2012.08.043 10.1109/61.19265 10.1016/j.epsr.2006.06.005 10.1109/TPWRS.2004.836189 10.1016/j.epsr.2010.06.005 10.1016/j.ijepes.2006.02.013 10.1016/j.enconman.2011.06.001 10.1016/j.ijepes.2013.11.014 10.1016/j.ijepes.2011.08.023 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | 2015 Elsevier Ltd |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: 2015 Elsevier Ltd |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef |
| DatabaseTitleList | |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Engineering |
| EISSN | 1879-3517 |
| EndPage | 172 |
| ExternalDocumentID | 10_1016_j_ijepes_2015_01_011 S0142061515000307 |
| GroupedDBID | --K --M .~1 0R~ 0SF 1B1 1~. 1~5 29J 4.4 457 4G. 5GY 5VS 7-5 71M 8P~ 9JN AACTN AAEDT AAEDW AAHCO AAIAV AAIKJ AAKOC AALRI AAOAW AAQFI AAQXK AARJD AAXUO AAYFN ABBOA ABFNM ABJNI ABMAC ABTAH ABXDB ABYKQ ACDAQ ACGFS ACNNM ACRLP ACZNC ADBBV ADEZE ADJOM ADMUD ADTZH AEBSH AECPX AEKER AENEX AFKWA AFTJW AGHFR AGUBO AGYEJ AHHHB AHIDL AHJVU AHZHX AI. AIALX AIEXJ AIKHN AITUG AJBFU AJOXV ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AMFUW AMRAJ AOUOD ASPBG AVWKF AXJTR AZFZN BELTK BJAXD BKOJK BLXMC CS3 DU5 EBS EFJIC EFLBG EJD EO8 EO9 EP2 EP3 FDB FEDTE FGOYB FIRID FNPLU FYGXN G-2 G-Q GBLVA GBOLZ HVGLF HZ~ IHE J1W JARJE JJJVA K-O KOM LY6 LY7 M41 MO0 O-L O9- OAUVE OZT P-8 P-9 P2P PC. Q38 R2- RIG ROL RPZ SAC SDF SDG SDP SES SET SEW SPC SPCBC SSR SST SSV SSZ T5K VH1 WUQ ZMT ZY4 ~02 ~G- AATTM AAXKI AAYWO AAYXX ABWVN ACLOT ACRPL ACVFH ADCNI ADNMO ADVLN AEIPS AEUPX AFJKZ AFPUW AGQPQ AIGII AIIUN AKBMS AKRWK AKYEP ANKPU APXCP CITATION EFKBS GROUPED_DOAJ ~HD |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c306t-b6e45f6a44a8f12a89462dc3876d44d215e5bdf45d40ea2c297ad53bbff7d87d3 |
| IEDL.DBID | .~1 |
| ISSN | 0142-0615 |
| IngestDate | Wed Oct 01 04:38:28 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 24 22:52:07 EDT 2025 Fri Feb 23 02:24:43 EST 2024 |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Keywords | MINLP Distributed generation Generation cost Loss cost Multiple DG Placement |
| Language | English |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c306t-b6e45f6a44a8f12a89462dc3876d44d215e5bdf45d40ea2c297ad53bbff7d87d3 |
| PageCount | 6 |
| ParticipantIDs | crossref_citationtrail_10_1016_j_ijepes_2015_01_011 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijepes_2015_01_011 elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_ijepes_2015_01_011 |
| ProviderPackageCode | CITATION AAYXX |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2015-07-01 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2015-07-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 07 year: 2015 text: 2015-07-01 day: 01 |
| PublicationDecade | 2010 |
| PublicationTitle | International journal of electrical power & energy systems |
| PublicationYear | 2015 |
| Publisher | Elsevier Ltd |
| Publisher_xml | – name: Elsevier Ltd |
| References | Martin Garcia, Gil Mena (b0025) 2013; 50 Alrashidi, AlHajri (b0050) 2011; 52 Injeti, Kumar (b0060) 2013; 45 Moradi, Zeinalzadeh, Mohammadi, Abedini (b0065) 2014; 54 Moradi, Reza Tousi, Abedini (b0070) 2014; 56 Moradi, Abedini (b0035) 2012; 34 Koutroumpezis, Safigianni (b0045) 2010; 80 Gómez-González, López, Jurado (b0055) 2012; 84 Baran, Wu (b0075) 1989; 4 Gozel, Hocaoglu (b0015) 2009; 79 Hung, Mithulananthan, Bansal (b0020) 2010; 25 Zhang, Fu, Zhang (b0080) 2007; 77 Hung, Mithulananthan, Lee (b0030) 2014; 55 Wang, Nehrir (b0005) 2004; 19 Acharya, Mahat, Mithulananthan (b0010) 2006; 28 Keane, O’Malley (b0040) 2005; 20 Keane (10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011_b0040) 2005; 20 Hung (10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011_b0020) 2010; 25 Acharya (10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011_b0010) 2006; 28 Gómez-González (10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011_b0055) 2012; 84 Moradi (10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011_b0065) 2014; 54 Baran (10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011_b0075) 1989; 4 Hung (10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011_b0030) 2014; 55 Koutroumpezis (10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011_b0045) 2010; 80 Injeti (10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011_b0060) 2013; 45 Zhang (10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011_b0080) 2007; 77 Wang (10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011_b0005) 2004; 19 Martin Garcia (10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011_b0025) 2013; 50 Moradi (10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011_b0035) 2012; 34 Gozel (10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011_b0015) 2009; 79 Alrashidi (10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011_b0050) 2011; 52 Moradi (10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011_b0070) 2014; 56 |
| References_xml | – volume: 84 start-page: 174 year: 2012 end-page: 180 ident: b0055 article-title: Optimization of distributed generation systems using a new discrete PSO and OPF publication-title: Electr Power Syst Res – volume: 50 start-page: 65 year: 2013 end-page: 75 ident: b0025 article-title: Optimal distributed generation location and size using a modified teaching–learning based optimization algorithm publication-title: Int J Electr Power Energy Syst – volume: 54 start-page: 101 year: 2014 end-page: 111 ident: b0065 article-title: An efficient hybrid method for solving the optimal sitting and sizing problem of DG and shunt capacitor banks simultaneously based on imperialist competitive algorithm and genetic algorithm publication-title: Int J Electr Power Energy Syst – volume: 19 start-page: 2068 year: 2004 end-page: 2076 ident: b0005 article-title: Analytical approaches for optimal placement of distributed generation sources in power systems publication-title: IEEE Trans Power Syst – volume: 20 start-page: 1640 year: 2005 end-page: 1646 ident: b0040 article-title: Optimal allocation of embedded generation on distribution networks publication-title: IEEE Trans Power Syst – volume: 52 start-page: 3301 year: 2011 end-page: 3308 ident: b0050 article-title: Optimal planning of multiple distributed generation sources in distribution networks: a new approach publication-title: Energy Convers Manage – volume: 25 start-page: 814 year: 2010 end-page: 820 ident: b0020 article-title: Analytical expressions for DG allocation in primary distribution networks publication-title: IEEE Trans Energy Convers – volume: 45 start-page: 142 year: 2013 end-page: 151 ident: b0060 article-title: A novel approach to identify optimal access point and capacity of multiple DGs in a small, medium and large scale radial distribution systems publication-title: Int J Electr Power Energy Syst – volume: 77 start-page: 685 year: 2007 end-page: 694 ident: b0080 article-title: An improved TS algorithm for loss-minimum reconfiguration in large-scale distribution systems publication-title: Electr Power Syst Res – volume: 79 start-page: 912 year: 2009 end-page: 918 ident: b0015 article-title: An analytical method for the sizing and siting of distributed generators in radial systems publication-title: Electr Power Syst Res – volume: 28 start-page: 669 year: 2006 end-page: 678 ident: b0010 article-title: An analytical approach for DG allocation in primary distribution network publication-title: Int J Electr Power Energy Syst – volume: 56 start-page: 117 year: 2014 end-page: 126 ident: b0070 article-title: Multi-objective PFDE algorithm for solving the optimal siting and sizing problem of multiple DG sources publication-title: Int J Electr Power Energy Syst – volume: 80 start-page: 1421 year: 2010 end-page: 1427 ident: b0045 article-title: Optimum allocation of the maximum possible distributed generation penetration in a distribution network publication-title: Electr Power Syst Res – volume: 55 start-page: 179 year: 2014 end-page: 186 ident: b0030 article-title: Optimal placement of dispatchable and nondispatchable renewable DG units in distribution networks for minimizing energy loss publication-title: Int J Electr Power Energy Syst – volume: 4 start-page: 725 year: 1989 end-page: 734 ident: b0075 article-title: Optimal capacitor placement on radial distribution systems publication-title: IEEE Trans Power Deliv – volume: 34 start-page: 66 year: 2012 end-page: 74 ident: b0035 article-title: A combination of genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization for optimal DG location and sizing in distribution systems publication-title: Int J Electr Power Energy Syst – volume: 54 start-page: 101 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011_b0065 article-title: An efficient hybrid method for solving the optimal sitting and sizing problem of DG and shunt capacitor banks simultaneously based on imperialist competitive algorithm and genetic algorithm publication-title: Int J Electr Power Energy Syst doi: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2013.06.023 – volume: 50 start-page: 65 year: 2013 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011_b0025 article-title: Optimal distributed generation location and size using a modified teaching–learning based optimization algorithm publication-title: Int J Electr Power Energy Syst doi: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2013.02.023 – volume: 55 start-page: 179 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011_b0030 article-title: Optimal placement of dispatchable and nondispatchable renewable DG units in distribution networks for minimizing energy loss publication-title: Int J Electr Power Energy Syst doi: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2013.09.007 – volume: 20 start-page: 1640 year: 2005 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011_b0040 article-title: Optimal allocation of embedded generation on distribution networks publication-title: IEEE Trans Power Syst doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2005.852115 – volume: 84 start-page: 174 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011_b0055 article-title: Optimization of distributed generation systems using a new discrete PSO and OPF publication-title: Electr Power Syst Res doi: 10.1016/j.epsr.2011.11.016 – volume: 25 start-page: 814 year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011_b0020 article-title: Analytical expressions for DG allocation in primary distribution networks publication-title: IEEE Trans Energy Convers doi: 10.1109/TEC.2010.2044414 – volume: 79 start-page: 912 year: 2009 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011_b0015 article-title: An analytical method for the sizing and siting of distributed generators in radial systems publication-title: Electr Power Syst Res doi: 10.1016/j.epsr.2008.12.007 – volume: 45 start-page: 142 year: 2013 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011_b0060 article-title: A novel approach to identify optimal access point and capacity of multiple DGs in a small, medium and large scale radial distribution systems publication-title: Int J Electr Power Energy Syst doi: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2012.08.043 – volume: 4 start-page: 725 issue: 1 year: 1989 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011_b0075 article-title: Optimal capacitor placement on radial distribution systems publication-title: IEEE Trans Power Deliv doi: 10.1109/61.19265 – volume: 77 start-page: 685 year: 2007 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011_b0080 article-title: An improved TS algorithm for loss-minimum reconfiguration in large-scale distribution systems publication-title: Electr Power Syst Res doi: 10.1016/j.epsr.2006.06.005 – volume: 19 start-page: 2068 year: 2004 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011_b0005 article-title: Analytical approaches for optimal placement of distributed generation sources in power systems publication-title: IEEE Trans Power Syst doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2004.836189 – volume: 80 start-page: 1421 year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011_b0045 article-title: Optimum allocation of the maximum possible distributed generation penetration in a distribution network publication-title: Electr Power Syst Res doi: 10.1016/j.epsr.2010.06.005 – volume: 28 start-page: 669 year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011_b0010 article-title: An analytical approach for DG allocation in primary distribution network publication-title: Int J Electr Power Energy Syst doi: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2006.02.013 – volume: 52 start-page: 3301 year: 2011 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011_b0050 article-title: Optimal planning of multiple distributed generation sources in distribution networks: a new approach publication-title: Energy Convers Manage doi: 10.1016/j.enconman.2011.06.001 – volume: 56 start-page: 117 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011_b0070 article-title: Multi-objective PFDE algorithm for solving the optimal siting and sizing problem of multiple DG sources publication-title: Int J Electr Power Energy Syst doi: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2013.11.014 – volume: 34 start-page: 66 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011_b0035 article-title: A combination of genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization for optimal DG location and sizing in distribution systems publication-title: Int J Electr Power Energy Syst doi: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2011.08.023 |
| SSID | ssj0007942 |
| Score | 2.3978348 |
| Snippet | •Location and capacity of DG with multiple generation units are determined.•Simple and approximate model of the MINLP problem.•Search space reduction is... |
| SourceID | crossref elsevier |
| SourceType | Enrichment Source Index Database Publisher |
| StartPage | 167 |
| SubjectTerms | Distributed generation Generation cost Loss cost MINLP Multiple DG Placement |
| Title | An efficient approach for the siting and sizing problem of distributed generation |
| URI | https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.01.011 |
| Volume | 69 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| journalDatabaseRights | – providerCode: PRVESC databaseName: Baden-Württemberg Complete Freedom Collection (Elsevier) customDbUrl: eissn: 1879-3517 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0007942 issn: 0142-0615 databaseCode: GBLVA dateStart: 20110101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.sciencedirect.com providerName: Elsevier – providerCode: PRVESC databaseName: Elsevier SD Complete Freedom Collection [SCCMFC] customDbUrl: eissn: 1879-3517 dateEnd: 20230930 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0007942 issn: 0142-0615 databaseCode: ACRLP dateStart: 19950201 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.sciencedirect.com providerName: Elsevier – providerCode: PRVESC databaseName: Elsevier SD Freedom Collection Journals [SCFCJ] customDbUrl: eissn: 1879-3517 dateEnd: 20230930 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0007942 issn: 0142-0615 databaseCode: AIKHN dateStart: 19950201 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.sciencedirect.com providerName: Elsevier – providerCode: PRVESC databaseName: Science Direct customDbUrl: eissn: 1879-3517 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0007942 issn: 0142-0615 databaseCode: .~1 dateStart: 19950101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.sciencedirect.com providerName: Elsevier – providerCode: PRVLSH databaseName: Elsevier Journals customDbUrl: mediaType: online eissn: 1879-3517 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0007942 issn: 0142-0615 databaseCode: AKRWK dateStart: 19790101 isFulltext: true providerName: Library Specific Holdings |
| link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3PS8MwFH6MedGD-BPnL3LwWtekadMdx3BMxYHgYLeQNMnYkG7IvHjwbzevaXWCKAg9pKWB8vr6va_wve8BXCllOWWaRVnhIdBXKBXpVMSRoYzFSe6M4Ng7_DDORhN-N02nLRg0vTAoq6yxP2B6hdb1lW4dze5qPu-iLImFglwRe-wo51zgFIPr9y-Zh883FmSMDKcYpE37XKXxmi_syqJpNw3mnZT-XJ42Ss5wD3Zrrkj64XH2oWXLA9jZcBA8hMd-SWzlAuGLB2kMwolnosQzO4KCrHJGVGn88g2X9QAZsnTEoGcujruyhswq92l8SUcwGd48DUZRPSUhKjzdX0c6szx1meJc5Y4ylfd4xkyReJgznBtf0m2qjeOp4bFVrGA9oUyaaO2cMLkwyTG0y2VpT4DE2uZM0CK21HDtP06V0Mz_kGjr0JdQdyBpgiOL2kIcJ1k8y0YrtpAhpBJDKmPqD9qB6HPXKlho_HG_aOIuv6WC9Cj_687Tf-88g208Czrcc2ivX17thWcba31ZpdMlbPVv70fjDybK1Mk |
| linkProvider | Elsevier |
| linkToHtml | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3PS8MwFH7MeVAP4k_8bQ5e65o0abrjGI6p20DYYLeQNMmYSB0yLx78202aVieIgtBDaPugvLx-7wW-9z2AKykNxUSRKM0dBLoMJSPFeBxpTEicZFZz6nuHh6O0P6F3UzZtQLfuhfG0ygr7A6aXaF3daVXebC3m85anJZGQkMvCnq_BOmWE-xPY9fsXz8MFHAk8RuLHGLC6f64kec0fzcJ41W4c1Dsx_jk_reSc3g5sV8Ui6oTv2YWGKfZga0VCcB8eOgUypQyEyx6oVghHrhRFrrRDnpFVzJAstFu--WU1QQY9W6S9aK6fd2U0mpXy036XDmDSuxl3-1E1JiHKXb2_jFRqKLOppFRmFhOZtWlKdJ44nNOUapfTDVPaUqZpbCTJSZtLzRKlrOU64zo5hGbxXJgjQLEyGeE4jw3WVLm_UyY4dScSZawXJlTHkNTOEXmlIe5HWTyJmiz2KIJLhXepiLG78DFEn1aLoKHxx_u89rv4FgvCwfyvlif_tryEjf54OBCD29H9KWz6J4GUewbN5curOXelx1JdlKH1ATrv1l4 |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=An+efficient+approach+for+the+siting+and+sizing+problem+of+distributed+generation&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+electrical+power+%26+energy+systems&rft.au=Gil+Mena%2C+Antonio+Jos%C3%A9&rft.au=Mart%C3%ADn+Garc%C3%ADa%2C+Juan+Andr%C3%A9s&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.issn=0142-0615&rft.volume=69&rft.spage=167&rft.epage=172&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijepes.2015.01.011&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_1016_j_ijepes_2015_01_011 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0142-0615&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0142-0615&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0142-0615&client=summon |