Distributed control algorithm for optimal reactive power control in power grids
•Distributed reactive power control to minimize power loss, voltage deviation.•Optimal reactive power control is formulated as non-convex problem.•Difference between neighboring bus voltage angles may be ignored.•Effectiveness of the algorithm is validated with centralized approach.•Algorithm has be...
Saved in:
| Published in | International journal of electrical power & energy systems Vol. 83; pp. 505 - 513 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Elsevier Ltd
01.12.2016
|
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0142-0615 1879-3517 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004 |
Cover
| Abstract | •Distributed reactive power control to minimize power loss, voltage deviation.•Optimal reactive power control is formulated as non-convex problem.•Difference between neighboring bus voltage angles may be ignored.•Effectiveness of the algorithm is validated with centralized approach.•Algorithm has been tested on large power system.
Reactive power generation has been commonly used for power loss minimization and voltage profile improvement in power systems. However, the opportunity cost of reactive power generation should be considered since it affects the frequency control capability of the generator to some degree. This paper proposed a distributed nonlinear control based algorithm to achieve the optimal reactive power generation for multiple generators in a power grid. The reactive power control setting update for each generator only requires local measurement and information exchange with its neighboring buses. It is demonstrated that the proposed algorithm can reduce the non-convex objective function monotonically till convergence and achieve comparable solutions to the centralized technique: particle swarm optimization with faster convergence speed. The proposed algorithm has been tested on the IEEE 9-bus, 39-bus and 162-bus systems to validate its effectiveness and scalability. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | •Distributed reactive power control to minimize power loss, voltage deviation.•Optimal reactive power control is formulated as non-convex problem.•Difference between neighboring bus voltage angles may be ignored.•Effectiveness of the algorithm is validated with centralized approach.•Algorithm has been tested on large power system.
Reactive power generation has been commonly used for power loss minimization and voltage profile improvement in power systems. However, the opportunity cost of reactive power generation should be considered since it affects the frequency control capability of the generator to some degree. This paper proposed a distributed nonlinear control based algorithm to achieve the optimal reactive power generation for multiple generators in a power grid. The reactive power control setting update for each generator only requires local measurement and information exchange with its neighboring buses. It is demonstrated that the proposed algorithm can reduce the non-convex objective function monotonically till convergence and achieve comparable solutions to the centralized technique: particle swarm optimization with faster convergence speed. The proposed algorithm has been tested on the IEEE 9-bus, 39-bus and 162-bus systems to validate its effectiveness and scalability. |
| Author | Khan, Irfan Xu, Yinliang Gu, Wei Li, Zhicheng |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Irfan surname: Khan fullname: Khan, Irfan organization: SYSU-CMU Joint Institute of Engineering, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China – sequence: 2 givenname: Zhicheng surname: Li fullname: Li, Zhicheng organization: SYSU-CMU Joint Institute of Engineering, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China – sequence: 3 givenname: Yinliang surname: Xu fullname: Xu, Yinliang email: xuyliang@mail.sysu.edu.cn organization: SYSU-CMU Joint Institute of Engineering, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China – sequence: 4 givenname: Wei surname: Gu fullname: Gu, Wei organization: School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China |
| BookMark | eNqFkMtOwzAQRS0EEm3hD1jkBxLGiZM0LJBQeUqVuunecpxxmSiNI9sU8fckasWCBazmoXtHc8-cnfe2R8ZuOCQceHHbJtTigD5JxykBkQCIMzbjy7KKs5yX52wGXKQxFDy_ZHPvWwAoK5HO2OaRfHBUfwRsIm374GwXqW5nHYX3fWSsi-wQaK-6yKHSgQ4YDfYT3Y-Y-tNi56jxV-zCqM7j9aku2Pb5abt6jdebl7fVwzrWGRQhzjiovEaTijQvjDKNEI2GskCOWT01lai5rmrEegyAZpQqU9Z5DkuxbDBbMHE8q5313qGRgxufdF-Sg5yYyFYemciJiQQhRyaj7e6XTVNQgaYoirr_zPdHM465DoROek3Ya2zIoQ6ysfT3gW-MyISv |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1016_j_egyr_2021_09_168 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_epsr_2021_107375 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2022_3198949 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_automatica_2022_110435 crossref_primary_10_1088_1755_1315_614_1_012029 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2023_3313259 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2021_3084835 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40565_018_0378_4 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2021_3119583 crossref_primary_10_3390_en16176140 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2021_3129821 crossref_primary_10_21272_jes_2021_8_1__e1 crossref_primary_10_1002_2050_7038_13045 crossref_primary_10_1007_s42452_021_04338_5 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_apenergy_2018_04_001 crossref_primary_10_3390_en13154007 crossref_primary_10_3390_en13215789 crossref_primary_10_18698_1812_3368_2021_3_77_93 crossref_primary_10_18698_1812_3368_2022_1_39_56 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12667_018_00323_x crossref_primary_10_1016_j_egyr_2022_01_080 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_egyr_2022_03_093 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijepes_2020_106049 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2023_3324884 crossref_primary_10_3390_en13071791 crossref_primary_10_3390_en14092563 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2024_3368383 crossref_primary_10_1007_s41870_021_00651_9 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2020_3048586 crossref_primary_10_4316_AECE_2017_04012 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12667_021_00481_5 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijepes_2018_07_053 crossref_primary_10_1109_TIA_2021_3100468 crossref_primary_10_3390_en13010058 crossref_primary_10_3390_math11173660 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCNS_2023_3295346 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2022_3197160 crossref_primary_10_3390_en16020693 crossref_primary_10_1007_s13198_021_01295_5 crossref_primary_10_35378_gujs_820805 crossref_primary_10_1109_JSYST_2021_3060072 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2017_2779806 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1109/TPWRS.2005.856993 10.1109/TPWRS.2014.2306495 10.1109/INDCON.2010.5712615 10.1109/TSG.2014.2327478 10.1109/TSG.2013.2248174 10.1109/TPWRS.2002.807097 10.1109/TPWRS.2005.857284 10.1016/j.enconman.2012.06.013 10.1049/ip-gtd:19960465 10.1109/TIE.2011.2116757 10.1109/IICPE.2012.6450449 10.1109/TSG.2014.2308541 10.1109/INDCON.2008.4768834 10.1016/j.energy.2013.04.011 10.1109/TPAS.1984.318645 10.1049/iet-gtd.2011.0593 10.1109/TSG.2013.2253810 10.1109/TPWRS.2002.1007886 10.1109/TPWRS.2014.2308304 10.1109/59.65896 10.1109/TPWRS.2005.861978 10.1109/TSMCC.2012.2218596 10.1109/59.780900 10.1109/TSG.2012.2196528 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | 2016 Elsevier Ltd |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: 2016 Elsevier Ltd |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef |
| DatabaseTitleList | |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Engineering |
| EISSN | 1879-3517 |
| EndPage | 513 |
| ExternalDocumentID | 10_1016_j_ijepes_2016_04_004 S0142061516306366 |
| GroupedDBID | --K --M .~1 0R~ 0SF 1B1 1~. 1~5 29J 4.4 457 4G. 5GY 5VS 7-5 71M 8P~ 9JN AACTN AAEDT AAEDW AAHCO AAIAV AAIKJ AAKOC AALRI AAOAW AAQFI AAQXK AARJD AAXUO AAYFN ABBOA ABFNM ABJNI ABMAC ABTAH ABXDB ABYKQ ACDAQ ACGFS ACNNM ACRLP ACZNC ADBBV ADEZE ADJOM ADMUD ADTZH AEBSH AECPX AEKER AENEX AFKWA AFTJW AGHFR AGUBO AGYEJ AHHHB AHIDL AHJVU AHZHX AI. AIALX AIEXJ AIKHN AITUG AJBFU AJOXV ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AMFUW AMRAJ AOUOD ASPBG AVWKF AXJTR AZFZN BELTK BJAXD BKOJK BLXMC CS3 DU5 EBS EFJIC EFLBG EJD EO8 EO9 EP2 EP3 FDB FEDTE FGOYB FIRID FNPLU FYGXN G-2 G-Q GBLVA GBOLZ HVGLF HZ~ IHE J1W JARJE JJJVA K-O KOM LY6 LY7 M41 MO0 O-L O9- OAUVE OZT P-8 P-9 P2P PC. Q38 R2- RIG ROL RPZ SAC SDF SDG SDP SES SET SEW SPC SPCBC SSR SST SSV SSZ T5K VH1 WUQ ZMT ZY4 ~02 ~G- AATTM AAXKI AAYWO AAYXX ABWVN ACLOT ACRPL ACVFH ADCNI ADNMO ADVLN AEIPS AEUPX AFJKZ AFPUW AGQPQ AIGII AIIUN AKBMS AKRWK AKYEP ANKPU APXCP CITATION EFKBS GROUPED_DOAJ ~HD |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c306t-310a5bef24256fafd44dc076e1e3bc07694b1c9beeb351efbefaf7b550848de3 |
| IEDL.DBID | .~1 |
| ISSN | 0142-0615 |
| IngestDate | Wed Oct 01 04:38:31 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 24 22:57:17 EDT 2025 Fri Feb 23 02:24:42 EST 2024 |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Keywords | Distributed control Distributed generator Nonlinear control Optimal reactive power control |
| Language | English |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c306t-310a5bef24256fafd44dc076e1e3bc07694b1c9beeb351efbefaf7b550848de3 |
| PageCount | 9 |
| ParticipantIDs | crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijepes_2016_04_004 crossref_citationtrail_10_1016_j_ijepes_2016_04_004 elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_ijepes_2016_04_004 |
| ProviderPackageCode | CITATION AAYXX |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | December 2016 2016-12-00 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2016-12-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 12 year: 2016 text: December 2016 |
| PublicationDecade | 2010 |
| PublicationTitle | International journal of electrical power & energy systems |
| PublicationYear | 2016 |
| Publisher | Elsevier Ltd |
| Publisher_xml | – name: Elsevier Ltd |
| References | Vaisakh K, Rao PK. Optimal reactive power allocation using PSO-DV hybrid algorithm. In: Proceedings of the annual IEEE INDICON 2008, vol. 1. p. 246–51. Alsac, Bright, Prais, Stott (b0005) 1990; 5 Bakirtzis, Biskas, Zoumas, Petridis (b0040) 2002; 17 Lamont, Fu (b0095) 1999; 14 Power system test case archive; 1993 Erseghe (b0125) 2014; 29 Ahn, Peng (b0100) 2013; 4 Torre, Galiana (b0105) 2005; 20 WSCC test cases Santos, Lora, Exposito, Ramos (b0015) 2003; 18 Di Fazio, Fusco, Russo (b0055) 2013; 4 Xu, Zhang, Liu, Ferrese (b0080) 2012; 42 De, Goswami (b0045) 2014; 29 Singh H, Srivastava L. Multi-objective reactive power management using differential evolution. In: IEEE 5th India international conference on power electronics (IICPE), December 2012. p. 1–6. Maknouninejad, Qu (b0060) 2014; 5 Kumar A, Kumar P. Impact on nodal pricing with different generators’ reactive power cost models in pool based electricity markets. In: 2010 Annual IEEE India conference (INDICON), December 2010. p. 1–4. Deshmukh, Natarajan, Pahwa (b0050) 2012; 3 Palma-Behnke, A, Vargas, Jofre (b0025) 2005; 20 . Zhang, Liu, Wang, Liu, Ferrese (b0065) 2014; 5 Ozdemir (b0075) 1996; 143 Bhattacharya, Roy (b0030) 2012; 6 De, Goswami (b0085) 2012; 64 Cagnano, De Tuglie, Liserre, Mastromauro (b0070) 2011; 58 Horton, Grigsby (b0010) 1984; PAS-103 Yan, Yu, Yu, Bhattarai (b0020) 2006; 21 Lin, Chen (b0130) 2013; 56 Ahn (10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0100) 2013; 4 Lin (10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0130) 2013; 56 Yan (10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0020) 2006; 21 Erseghe (10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0125) 2014; 29 Bhattacharya (10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0030) 2012; 6 De (10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0085) 2012; 64 Horton (10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0010) 1984; PAS-103 Zhang (10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0065) 2014; 5 10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0115 10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0035 10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0110 Lamont (10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0095) 1999; 14 Santos (10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0015) 2003; 18 Alsac (10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0005) 1990; 5 Di Fazio (10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0055) 2013; 4 Torre (10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0105) 2005; 20 10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0090 Bakirtzis (10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0040) 2002; 17 Palma-Behnke (10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0025) 2005; 20 De (10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0045) 2014; 29 Cagnano (10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0070) 2011; 58 Ozdemir (10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0075) 1996; 143 Deshmukh (10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0050) 2012; 3 Xu (10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0080) 2012; 42 Maknouninejad (10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0060) 2014; 5 10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0120 |
| References_xml | – reference: Singh H, Srivastava L. Multi-objective reactive power management using differential evolution. In: IEEE 5th India international conference on power electronics (IICPE), December 2012. p. 1–6. – volume: 20 start-page: 1718 year: 2005 end-page: 1727 ident: b0025 article-title: A distribution company energy acquisition market model with integration of distributed generation and load curtailment options publication-title: IEEE Trans Power Syst – volume: 143 start-page: 387 year: 1996 end-page: 392 ident: b0075 article-title: Loss-constrained economic power dispatch publication-title: IEE Proc Gener, Transm Distrib – volume: 21 start-page: 61 year: 2006 end-page: 67 ident: b0020 article-title: A new optimal reactive power flow model in rectangular form and its solution by predictor corrector primal dual interior point method publication-title: IEEE Trans Power Syst – reference: WSCC test cases < – volume: 29 start-page: 2370 year: 2014 end-page: 2380 ident: b0125 article-title: Distributed optimal power flow using ADMM publication-title: IEEE Trans Power Syst – volume: 3 start-page: 1226 year: 2012 end-page: 1234 ident: b0050 article-title: Voltage/VAR control in distribution networks via reactive power injection through distributed generators publication-title: IEEE Trans Smart Grid – volume: 4 start-page: 1297 year: 2013 end-page: 1304 ident: b0100 article-title: Decentralized voltage control to minimize distribution power loss of microgrids publication-title: IEEE Trans Smart Grid – volume: 64 start-page: 43 year: 2012 end-page: 51 ident: b0085 article-title: Reactive power cost allocation by power tracing based method publication-title: Energy Convers Manage – reference: Power system test case archive; 1993 < – volume: 58 start-page: 4549 year: 2011 end-page: 4558 ident: b0070 article-title: Online optimal reactive power control strategy of PV inverters publication-title: IEEE Trans Indust Electron – volume: 14 start-page: 89 year: 1999 end-page: 96 ident: b0095 article-title: Cost analysis of reactive power support publication-title: IEEE Trans Power Syst – volume: 4 start-page: 1586 year: 2013 end-page: 1596 ident: b0055 article-title: Decentralized control of distributed generation for voltage profile optimization in smart feeders publication-title: IEEE Trans Smart Grid – reference: Kumar A, Kumar P. Impact on nodal pricing with different generators’ reactive power cost models in pool based electricity markets. In: 2010 Annual IEEE India conference (INDICON), December 2010. p. 1–4. – volume: 5 start-page: 1621 year: 2014 end-page: 1630 ident: b0060 article-title: Realizing unified microgrid voltage profile and loss minimization: a cooperative distributed optimization and control approach publication-title: IEEE Trans Smart Grid – volume: 42 start-page: 1742 year: 2012 end-page: 1751 ident: b0080 article-title: Multiagent-based reinforcement learning for optimal reactive power dispatch publication-title: IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybernet, Part C: Appl Rev – volume: 20 start-page: 2061 year: 2005 end-page: 2069 ident: b0105 article-title: On the convexity of the system loss function publication-title: IEEE Trans Power Syst – reference: Vaisakh K, Rao PK. Optimal reactive power allocation using PSO-DV hybrid algorithm. In: Proceedings of the annual IEEE INDICON 2008, vol. 1. p. 246–51. – reference: >. – volume: PAS-103 start-page: 1637 year: 1984 end-page: 1643 ident: b0010 article-title: Voltage optimization using combined linear programming & gradient techniques publication-title: IEEE Trans Power Apparat Syst – volume: 18 start-page: 238 year: 2003 end-page: 244 ident: b0015 article-title: Finding improved local minima of power system optimization problems by interior-point methods publication-title: IEEE Trans Power Syst – volume: 29 start-page: 2078 year: 2014 end-page: 2086 ident: b0045 article-title: Optimal reactive power procurement with voltage stability consideration in deregulated power system publication-title: IEEE Trans Power Sys – volume: 5 start-page: 697 year: 1990 end-page: 711 ident: b0005 article-title: Further developments in LP-based optimal power flow publication-title: IEEE Trans Power Syst – volume: 6 start-page: 751 year: 2012 end-page: 763 ident: b0030 article-title: Solution of multi-objective optimal power flow using gravitational search algorithm publication-title: IET Gener Transm Distrib – volume: 5 start-page: 2421 year: 2014 end-page: 2431 ident: b0065 article-title: Distributed multiple agent system based online optimal reactive power control for smart grids publication-title: IEEE Trans Smart Grid – volume: 17 start-page: 229 year: 2002 end-page: 236 ident: b0040 article-title: Optimal power flow by enhanced genetic algorithm publication-title: IEEE Trans Power Syst – volume: 56 start-page: 184 year: 2013 end-page: 192 ident: b0130 article-title: Distributed optimal power flow for smart grid transmission system with renewable energy sources publication-title: Energy – volume: 20 start-page: 2061 issue: 4 year: 2005 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0105 article-title: On the convexity of the system loss function publication-title: IEEE Trans Power Syst doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2005.856993 – volume: 29 start-page: 2370 issue: 5 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0125 article-title: Distributed optimal power flow using ADMM publication-title: IEEE Trans Power Syst doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2014.2306495 – ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0090 doi: 10.1109/INDCON.2010.5712615 – volume: 5 start-page: 2421 issue: 5 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0065 article-title: Distributed multiple agent system based online optimal reactive power control for smart grids publication-title: IEEE Trans Smart Grid doi: 10.1109/TSG.2014.2327478 – volume: 4 start-page: 1297 issue: 3 year: 2013 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0100 article-title: Decentralized voltage control to minimize distribution power loss of microgrids publication-title: IEEE Trans Smart Grid doi: 10.1109/TSG.2013.2248174 – volume: 18 start-page: 238 issue: 1 year: 2003 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0015 article-title: Finding improved local minima of power system optimization problems by interior-point methods publication-title: IEEE Trans Power Syst doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2002.807097 – volume: 20 start-page: 1718 issue: 4 year: 2005 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0025 article-title: A distribution company energy acquisition market model with integration of distributed generation and load curtailment options publication-title: IEEE Trans Power Syst doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2005.857284 – ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0120 – volume: 64 start-page: 43 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0085 article-title: Reactive power cost allocation by power tracing based method publication-title: Energy Convers Manage doi: 10.1016/j.enconman.2012.06.013 – volume: 143 start-page: 387 issue: 5 year: 1996 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0075 article-title: Loss-constrained economic power dispatch publication-title: IEE Proc Gener, Transm Distrib doi: 10.1049/ip-gtd:19960465 – volume: 58 start-page: 4549 issue: 10 year: 2011 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0070 article-title: Online optimal reactive power control strategy of PV inverters publication-title: IEEE Trans Indust Electron doi: 10.1109/TIE.2011.2116757 – ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0035 doi: 10.1109/IICPE.2012.6450449 – volume: 5 start-page: 1621 issue: 4 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0060 article-title: Realizing unified microgrid voltage profile and loss minimization: a cooperative distributed optimization and control approach publication-title: IEEE Trans Smart Grid doi: 10.1109/TSG.2014.2308541 – ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0110 doi: 10.1109/INDCON.2008.4768834 – volume: 56 start-page: 184 year: 2013 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0130 article-title: Distributed optimal power flow for smart grid transmission system with renewable energy sources publication-title: Energy doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2013.04.011 – volume: PAS-103 start-page: 1637 issue: 7 year: 1984 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0010 article-title: Voltage optimization using combined linear programming & gradient techniques publication-title: IEEE Trans Power Apparat Syst doi: 10.1109/TPAS.1984.318645 – volume: 6 start-page: 751 issue: 8 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0030 article-title: Solution of multi-objective optimal power flow using gravitational search algorithm publication-title: IET Gener Transm Distrib doi: 10.1049/iet-gtd.2011.0593 – volume: 4 start-page: 1586 issue: 3 year: 2013 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0055 article-title: Decentralized control of distributed generation for voltage profile optimization in smart feeders publication-title: IEEE Trans Smart Grid doi: 10.1109/TSG.2013.2253810 – volume: 17 start-page: 229 issue: 2 year: 2002 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0040 article-title: Optimal power flow by enhanced genetic algorithm publication-title: IEEE Trans Power Syst doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2002.1007886 – ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0115 – volume: 29 start-page: 2078 issue: 5 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0045 article-title: Optimal reactive power procurement with voltage stability consideration in deregulated power system publication-title: IEEE Trans Power Sys doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2014.2308304 – volume: 5 start-page: 697 issue: 3 year: 1990 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0005 article-title: Further developments in LP-based optimal power flow publication-title: IEEE Trans Power Syst doi: 10.1109/59.65896 – volume: 21 start-page: 61 issue: 1 year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0020 article-title: A new optimal reactive power flow model in rectangular form and its solution by predictor corrector primal dual interior point method publication-title: IEEE Trans Power Syst doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2005.861978 – volume: 42 start-page: 1742 issue: 6 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0080 article-title: Multiagent-based reinforcement learning for optimal reactive power dispatch publication-title: IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybernet, Part C: Appl Rev doi: 10.1109/TSMCC.2012.2218596 – volume: 14 start-page: 89 issue: 3 year: 1999 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0095 article-title: Cost analysis of reactive power support publication-title: IEEE Trans Power Syst doi: 10.1109/59.780900 – volume: 3 start-page: 1226 issue: 3 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004_b0050 article-title: Voltage/VAR control in distribution networks via reactive power injection through distributed generators publication-title: IEEE Trans Smart Grid doi: 10.1109/TSG.2012.2196528 |
| SSID | ssj0007942 |
| Score | 2.4054222 |
| Snippet | •Distributed reactive power control to minimize power loss, voltage deviation.•Optimal reactive power control is formulated as non-convex problem.•Difference... |
| SourceID | crossref elsevier |
| SourceType | Enrichment Source Index Database Publisher |
| StartPage | 505 |
| SubjectTerms | Distributed control Distributed generator Nonlinear control Optimal reactive power control |
| Title | Distributed control algorithm for optimal reactive power control in power grids |
| URI | https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2016.04.004 |
| Volume | 83 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| journalDatabaseRights | – providerCode: PRVESC databaseName: Baden-Württemberg Complete Freedom Collection (Elsevier) customDbUrl: eissn: 1879-3517 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0007942 issn: 0142-0615 databaseCode: GBLVA dateStart: 20110101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.sciencedirect.com providerName: Elsevier – providerCode: PRVESC databaseName: Science Direct customDbUrl: eissn: 1879-3517 dateEnd: 20230930 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0007942 issn: 0142-0615 databaseCode: ACRLP dateStart: 19950201 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.sciencedirect.com providerName: Elsevier – providerCode: PRVESC databaseName: ScienceDirect (Elsevier) customDbUrl: eissn: 1879-3517 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0007942 issn: 0142-0615 databaseCode: .~1 dateStart: 19950101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.sciencedirect.com providerName: Elsevier – providerCode: PRVESC databaseName: ScienceDirect Journal Collection customDbUrl: eissn: 1879-3517 dateEnd: 20230930 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0007942 issn: 0142-0615 databaseCode: AIKHN dateStart: 19950201 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.sciencedirect.com providerName: Elsevier – providerCode: PRVLSH databaseName: Elsevier Journals customDbUrl: mediaType: online eissn: 1879-3517 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssj0007942 issn: 0142-0615 databaseCode: AKRWK dateStart: 19790101 isFulltext: true providerName: Library Specific Holdings |
| link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1LS8NAEF5KvehBfGJ9lBy8xuax2U2PpSpVoV4q9LZkXzWlj1Dr1d_uTLKpFUHBWxJ2QzIs38yw334fIddMByqC9h96E8t9aqTyMzwrY2zKU8Bkpk3J8h2ywQt9HCfjBunXZ2GQVumwv8L0Eq3dk46LZqfI8w7SkqIyITMoe2OGstuUcnQxuPn4onnAeosqGmOELgZJfXyu5HjlU1MYFO0OWSl46uzafqSnrZRzf0D2Xa3o9arPOSQNszgie1sKgsfk-RaFb9GzymjP0c69bDZZQs__OvegIvWWAApzeA1UhyW2eQUao20G5wv3YLLK9dsJGd3fjfoD33kk-Ar-eg0QGmSJNBY7B2YzqynVKuDMhCaWeNGlMlRdaaBpTkJjYWhmuYS-JKWpNvEpaS6WC3NGPM55rLm0VCW43Zl100RBgsdtUdSLylokriMjlNMPRxuLmaiJYlNRxVNgPEVABcSzRfzNrKLSz_hjPK-DLr6tAwEQ_-vM83_PvCC7eFeRVC5Jc716N1dQaqxlu1xLbbLTe3gaDD8B3mjVKw |
| linkProvider | Elsevier |
| linkToHtml | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV09T8MwELVKGYAB8SnKZwbW0DRx7HREhapAKUuRulnxRyBVm0alrPx27hKnFCGBxBY5dpScrHf3lOd3hFwy7Skf6D9wk4S71EjlxnhWxiQRjwCTmTaFynfAes_0fhSOaqRTnYVBWaXF_hLTC7S2I00bzWaepk2UJflFQmZQ9gaMrZF1GvocGdjVx5fOAzacX-oYfWxjEFbn5wqRVzo2uUHX7hYrHE9tv7Yf-Wkl53R3yLYtFp3r8n12Sc1ke2RrxUJwnzzdoPMtNq0y2rG6cyeevMyA9L9OHShJnRmgwhQeA-VhAW5Ojp3RlpPTzA68zFP9dkCG3dthp-faJgmugs9eAIZ6cShNgtSBJXGiKdXK48y0TCDxok1lS7WlAdYctkwCU-OESyAmEY20CQ5JPZtl5og4nPNAc5lQFeL_zrgdhQoyPP4XRcOouEGCKjJCWQNx7GMxEZVSbCzKeAqMp_CogHg2iLtclZcGGn_M51XQxbeNIADjf115_O-VF2SjN3zsi_7d4OGEbOKdUrFySuqL-bs5g7pjIc-LffUJ9FXWwA |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Distributed+control+algorithm+for+optimal+reactive+power+control+in+power+grids&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+electrical+power+%26+energy+systems&rft.au=Khan%2C+Irfan&rft.au=Li%2C+Zhicheng&rft.au=Xu%2C+Yinliang&rft.au=Gu%2C+Wei&rft.date=2016-12-01&rft.pub=Elsevier+Ltd&rft.issn=0142-0615&rft.eissn=1879-3517&rft.volume=83&rft.spage=505&rft.epage=513&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijepes.2016.04.004&rft.externalDocID=S0142061516306366 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0142-0615&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0142-0615&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0142-0615&client=summon |