Perioperative lumbar plexus block and cardiac ischemia in patients with hip fracture: randomized clinical trial
Perioperative myocardial ischemia is common among patients undergoing hip fracture surgery. Our aim is to evaluate the efficacy of perioperative continuous lumbar plexus block in reducing the risk of cardiac ischemic events of elderly patients undergoing surgery for hip fractures, expressed as a red...
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Published in | Brazilian journal of anesthesiology (Elsevier) Vol. 68; no. 5; pp. 484 - 491 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Elsevier Editora Ltda
01.09.2018
Elsevier Sociedade Brasileira de Anestesiologia |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
ISSN | 0104-0014 1806-907X 2352-2291 0104-0014 |
DOI | 10.1016/j.bjane.2018.04.001 |
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Abstract | Perioperative myocardial ischemia is common among patients undergoing hip fracture surgery. Our aim is to evaluate the efficacy of perioperative continuous lumbar plexus block in reducing the risk of cardiac ischemic events of elderly patients undergoing surgery for hip fractures, expressed as a reduction of ischemic events per subject.
Patients older than 60 years, ASA II–III, with risk factors for or known coronary artery disease were enrolled in this randomized controlled study. Patients were randomized to conventional analgesia using opioid intravenous patient-controlled analgesia or continuous lumbar plexus block analgesia, both started preoperatively and maintained until postoperative day three. Continuous electrocardiogram monitoring with ST segment analysis was recorded. Serial cardiac enzymes and pain scores were registered during the entire period. We measured the incidence of ischemic events per subject registered by a continuous ST-segment Holter monitoring.
Thirty-one patients (intravenous patient-controlled analgesia 14, lumbar plexus 17) were enrolled. There were no major cardiac events during the observation period. The number of ischemic events recorded by subject during the observation period was 6 in the lumbar plexus group and 3 in the intravenous patient-controlled analgesia group. This difference was not statistically significant (p=0.618). There were no statistically significant differences in the number of cases with increased perioperative troponin values (3 cases in the lumbar plexus group and 1 case in the intravenous patient-controlled analgesia group) or in terms of pain scores.
Using continuous perineural analgesia, compared with conventional systemic analgesia, does not modify the incidence of perioperative cardiac ischemic events of elderly patients with hip fracture.
A isquemia miocárdica perioperatória é comum em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de fratura de quadril. Nosso objetivo foi avaliar a eficácia do bloqueio perioperatório contínuo do plexo lombar na redução do risco de eventos cardíacos isquêmicos em pacientes idosos submetidos à cirurgia para fraturas de quadril, expresso como uma redução de eventos isquêmicos por indivíduo.
Pacientes com mais de 60 anos de idade, ASA II–III com fatores de risco para ou com doença coronariana conhecida foram incluídos neste estudo controlado e randomizado. Os pacientes foram aleatorizados para analgesia convencional usando analgésicos opioides para administração de analgesia intravenosa controlada pelo paciente (Intravenous Patient-Controlled Analgesia – IVPCA) ou analgesia contínua com o bloqueio do Plexo Lombar (PL), ambas iniciadas no pré-operatório e mantidas até o terceiro dia de pós-operatório. Monitorização contínua de ECG com análise do segmento ST foi registrada. Enzimas cardíacas seriadas e escores de dor foram registrados durante todo o período. Medimos a incidência de eventos isquêmicos por indivíduo registrados com monitoração contínua do segmento ST via Holter.
Trinta e um pacientes (IVPCA 14, PL 17) foram incluídos. Não houve eventos cardíacos sérios durante o período de observação. O número de eventos isquêmicos registrados por sujeito durante o período de observação foi de seis no grupo PL e três no grupo IVPCA. Essa diferença não foi estatisticamente significativa (p=0,618). Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas no número de casos com aumento dos valores de troponina no perioperatório (três casos no grupo LP e um caso no grupo IVPCA) ou em termos de escores de dor.
O uso da analgesia perineural contínua comparado ao da analgesia sistêmica convencional não modifica a incidência de eventos isquêmicos cardíacos no período perioperatório de pacientes idosos com fratura de quadril. |
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AbstractList | Background: Perioperative myocardial ischemia is common among patients undergoing hip fracture surgery. Our aim is to evaluate the efficacy of perioperative continuous lumbar plexus block in reducing the risk of cardiac ischemic events of elderly patients undergoing surgery for hip fractures, expressed as a reduction of ischemic events per subject. Methods: Patients older than 60 years, ASA II–III, with risk factors for or known coronary artery disease were enrolled in this randomized controlled study. Patients were randomized to conventional analgesia using opioid intravenous patient-controlled analgesia or continuous lumbar plexus block analgesia, both started preoperatively and maintained until postoperative day three. Continuous electrocardiogram monitoring with ST segment analysis was recorded. Serial cardiac enzymes and pain scores were registered during the entire period. We measured the incidence of ischemic events per subject registered by a continuous ST-segment Holter monitoring. Results: Thirty-one patients (intravenous patient-controlled analgesia 14, lumbar plexus 17) were enrolled. There were no major cardiac events during the observation period. The number of ischemic events recorded by subject during the observation period was 6 in the lumbar plexus group and 3 in the intravenous patient-controlled analgesia group. This difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.618). There were no statistically significant differences in the number of cases with increased perioperative troponin values (3 cases in the lumbar plexus group and 1 case in the intravenous patient-controlled analgesia group) or in terms of pain scores. Conclusions: Using continuous perineural analgesia, compared with conventional systemic analgesia, does not modify the incidence of perioperative cardiac ischemic events of elderly patients with hip fracture. Resumo: Justificativa: A isquemia miocárdica perioperatória é comum em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de fratura de quadril. Nosso objetivo foi avaliar a eficácia do bloqueio perioperatório contínuo do plexo lombar na redução do risco de eventos cardíacos isquêmicos em pacientes idosos submetidos à cirurgia para fraturas de quadril, expresso como uma redução de eventos isquêmicos por indivíduo. Métodos: Pacientes com mais de 60 anos de idade, ASA II–III com fatores de risco para ou com doença coronariana conhecida foram incluídos neste estudo controlado e randomizado. Os pacientes foram aleatorizados para analgesia convencional usando analgésicos opioides para administração de analgesia intravenosa controlada pelo paciente (Intravenous Patient-Controlled Analgesia – IVPCA) ou analgesia contínua com o bloqueio do Plexo Lombar (PL), ambas iniciadas no pré-operatório e mantidas até o terceiro dia de pós-operatório. Monitorização contínua de ECG com análise do segmento ST foi registrada. Enzimas cardíacas seriadas e escores de dor foram registrados durante todo o período. Medimos a incidência de eventos isquêmicos por indivíduo registrados com monitoração contínua do segmento ST via Holter. Resultados: Trinta e um pacientes (IVPCA 14, PL 17) foram incluídos. Não houve eventos cardíacos sérios durante o período de observação. O número de eventos isquêmicos registrados por sujeito durante o período de observação foi de seis no grupo PL e três no grupo IVPCA. Essa diferença não foi estatisticamente significativa (p = 0,618). Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas no número de casos com aumento dos valores de troponina no perioperatório (três casos no grupo LP e um caso no grupo IVPCA) ou em termos de escores de dor. Conclusões: O uso da analgesia perineural contínua comparado ao da analgesia sistêmica convencional não modifica a incidência de eventos isquêmicos cardíacos no período perioperatório de pacientes idosos com fratura de quadril. Keywords: Hip fracture, Analgesia, Lumbar plexus block, Cardiovascular complications, Palavras-chave: Fratura do quadril, Analgesia, Bloqueio do plexo lombar, Complicações cardiovasculares Perioperative myocardial ischemia is common among patients undergoing hip fracture surgery. Our aim is to evaluate the efficacy of perioperative continuous lumbar plexus block in reducing the risk of cardiac ischemic events of elderly patients undergoing surgery for hip fractures, expressed as a reduction of ischemic events per subject. Patients older than 60 years, ASA II–III, with risk factors for or known coronary artery disease were enrolled in this randomized controlled study. Patients were randomized to conventional analgesia using opioid intravenous patient-controlled analgesia or continuous lumbar plexus block analgesia, both started preoperatively and maintained until postoperative day three. Continuous electrocardiogram monitoring with ST segment analysis was recorded. Serial cardiac enzymes and pain scores were registered during the entire period. We measured the incidence of ischemic events per subject registered by a continuous ST-segment Holter monitoring. Thirty-one patients (intravenous patient-controlled analgesia 14, lumbar plexus 17) were enrolled. There were no major cardiac events during the observation period. The number of ischemic events recorded by subject during the observation period was 6 in the lumbar plexus group and 3 in the intravenous patient-controlled analgesia group. This difference was not statistically significant (p=0.618). There were no statistically significant differences in the number of cases with increased perioperative troponin values (3 cases in the lumbar plexus group and 1 case in the intravenous patient-controlled analgesia group) or in terms of pain scores. Using continuous perineural analgesia, compared with conventional systemic analgesia, does not modify the incidence of perioperative cardiac ischemic events of elderly patients with hip fracture. A isquemia miocárdica perioperatória é comum em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de fratura de quadril. Nosso objetivo foi avaliar a eficácia do bloqueio perioperatório contínuo do plexo lombar na redução do risco de eventos cardíacos isquêmicos em pacientes idosos submetidos à cirurgia para fraturas de quadril, expresso como uma redução de eventos isquêmicos por indivíduo. Pacientes com mais de 60 anos de idade, ASA II–III com fatores de risco para ou com doença coronariana conhecida foram incluídos neste estudo controlado e randomizado. Os pacientes foram aleatorizados para analgesia convencional usando analgésicos opioides para administração de analgesia intravenosa controlada pelo paciente (Intravenous Patient-Controlled Analgesia – IVPCA) ou analgesia contínua com o bloqueio do Plexo Lombar (PL), ambas iniciadas no pré-operatório e mantidas até o terceiro dia de pós-operatório. Monitorização contínua de ECG com análise do segmento ST foi registrada. Enzimas cardíacas seriadas e escores de dor foram registrados durante todo o período. Medimos a incidência de eventos isquêmicos por indivíduo registrados com monitoração contínua do segmento ST via Holter. Trinta e um pacientes (IVPCA 14, PL 17) foram incluídos. Não houve eventos cardíacos sérios durante o período de observação. O número de eventos isquêmicos registrados por sujeito durante o período de observação foi de seis no grupo PL e três no grupo IVPCA. Essa diferença não foi estatisticamente significativa (p=0,618). Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas no número de casos com aumento dos valores de troponina no perioperatório (três casos no grupo LP e um caso no grupo IVPCA) ou em termos de escores de dor. O uso da analgesia perineural contínua comparado ao da analgesia sistêmica convencional não modifica a incidência de eventos isquêmicos cardíacos no período perioperatório de pacientes idosos com fratura de quadril. Abstract Background Perioperative myocardial ischemia is common among patients undergoing hip fracture surgery. Our aim is to evaluate the efficacy of perioperative continuous lumbar plexus block in reducing the risk of cardiac ischemic events of elderly patients undergoing surgery for hip fractures, expressed as a reduction of ischemic events per subject. Methods Patients older than 60 years, ASA II–III, with risk factors for or known coronary artery disease were enrolled in this randomized controlled study. Patients were randomized to conventional analgesia using opioid intravenous patient-controlled analgesia or continuous lumbar plexus block analgesia, both started preoperatively and maintained until postoperative day three. Continuous electrocardiogram monitoring with ST segment analysis was recorded. Serial cardiac enzymes and pain scores were registered during the entire period. We measured the incidence of ischemic events per subject registered by a continuous ST-segment Holter monitoring. Results Thirty-one patients (intravenous patient-controlled analgesia 14, lumbar plexus 17) were enrolled. There were no major cardiac events during the observation period. The number of ischemic events recorded by subject during the observation period was 6 in the lumbar plexus group and 3 in the intravenous patient-controlled analgesia group. This difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.618). There were no statistically significant differences in the number of cases with increased perioperative troponin values (3 cases in the lumbar plexus group and 1 case in the intravenous patient-controlled analgesia group) or in terms of pain scores. Conclusions Using continuous perineural analgesia, compared with conventional systemic analgesia, does not modify the incidence of perioperative cardiac ischemic events of elderly patients with hip fracture. |
Author | Cuadra, Juan C. De la Baeza, Ricardo Fuente, René F. De la Altermatt, Fernando R. Corvetto, Marcia A. Echevarría, Ghislaine C. Ferrada, Marcela |
AuthorAffiliation | Clínica Las Condes Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile New York University |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: New York University – name: Clínica Las Condes – name: Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Fernando R. surname: Altermatt fullname: Altermatt, Fernando R. email: Fernando.altermatt@gmail.com organization: Pontificia Universidade Católica de Chile, Escuela de Medicina, Departamento de Anestesiología, Santiago, Chile – sequence: 2 givenname: Ghislaine C. surname: Echevarría fullname: Echevarría, Ghislaine C. organization: Pontificia Universidade Católica de Chile, Escuela de Medicina, Departamento de Anestesiología, Santiago, Chile – sequence: 3 givenname: René F. De la surname: Fuente fullname: Fuente, René F. De la organization: Pontificia Universidade Católica de Chile, Escuela de Medicina, Departamento de Anestesiología, Santiago, Chile – sequence: 4 givenname: Ricardo surname: Baeza fullname: Baeza, Ricardo organization: Clínica Las Condes, Departamento de Cardiología, Santiago, Chile – sequence: 5 givenname: Marcela surname: Ferrada fullname: Ferrada, Marcela organization: Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Centro de Investigaciones Clínicas UC (CICUC), Santiago, Chile – sequence: 6 givenname: Juan C. De la surname: Cuadra fullname: Cuadra, Juan C. De la organization: Pontificia Universidade Católica de Chile, Escuela de Medicina, Departamento de Anestesiología, Santiago, Chile – sequence: 7 givenname: Marcia A. surname: Corvetto fullname: Corvetto, Marcia A. organization: Pontificia Universidade Católica de Chile, Escuela de Medicina, Departamento de Anestesiología, Santiago, Chile |
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DocumentTitleAlternate | Bloqueio perioperatório do plexo lombar e isquemia cardíaca em pacientes com fratura de quadril: ensaio clínico randomizado |
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Keywords | Analgesia Fratura do quadril Hip fracture Bloqueio do plexo lombar Lumbar plexus block Complicações cardiovasculares Cardiovascular complications |
Language | English |
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fracture randomized to epidural or conventional analgesia publication-title: Anesthesiology doi: 10.1097/00000542-200301000-00025 – volume: 60 start-page: 230 year: 2013 end-page: 243 article-title: Efficacy of supplemental peripheral nerve blockade for hip fracture surgery: multiple treatment comparison publication-title: Can J Anesth – volume: 76 start-page: 342 year: 1992 end-page: 353 article-title: Postoperative myocardial ischemia therapeutic trials using intensive analgesia following surgery. The Study of Perioperative Ischemia (SPI) Research Group publication-title: Anesthesiology – volume: 76 start-page: 518 year: 1992 end-page: 527 article-title: Perioperative myocardial ischemia in patients undergoing elective hip arthroplasty during lumbar regional anesthesia publication-title: Anesthesiology – volume: 58 start-page: 76 year: 2003 end-page: 81 article-title: Relationship between pain and opioid analgesics on the development of delirium following hip fracture publication-title: J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci – volume: 155 start-page: 234 year: 2011 end-page: 245 article-title: Comparative effectiveness of pain management interventions for hip fracture: a systematic review publication-title: Ann Intern Med – volume: 25 start-page: 237 year: 1994 end-page: 239 article-title: Pain and its control in patients with fractures of the femoral neck while awaiting surgery publication-title: Injury – volume: 60 start-page: 2020 year: 2012 end-page: 2026 article-title: Myocardial infarction after hip fracture repair: a population-based study publication-title: J Am Geriatr Soc – volume: 47 start-page: 30 year: 2003 end-page: 36 article-title: Comparison of the catheter-technique psoas compartment block and the epidural block for analgesia in partial hip replacement surgery publication-title: Acta Anaesthesiol Scand – volume: 341 start-page: 715 year: 1993 end-page: 719 article-title: Importance of long-duration postoperative ST-segment depression in cardiac morbidity after vascular surgery publication-title: Lancet – volume: 110 start-page: 58 year: 2009 end-page: 66 article-title: Preoperative and intraoperative predictors of cardiac adverse events after general, vascular, and urological surgery publication-title: Anesthesiology – volume: 26 start-page: 2 year: 2007 end-page: 9 article-title: Analgésie postopératoire par cathéter fémoral après fracture du col du fémur chez la personne âgée: étude prospective randomisée publication-title: Annales Françaises d’Anesthésie et de Réanimation – volume: 331 start-page: 1374 year: 2005 article-title: Effect of comorbidities and postoperative complications on mortality after hip fracture in elderly people: prospective observational cohort study publication-title: BMJ – volume: 94 start-page: 24 year: 2004 end-page: 29 article-title: Mortality analysis in hip fracture patients: implications for design of future outcome trials publication-title: Br J Anaesth – volume: 7 start-page: 97 year: 1995 end-page: 102 article-title: Postoperative myocardial ischemia: etiology of cardiac morbidity or manifestation of underlying disease? publication-title: J Clin Anesth – year: 2011 publication-title: Pain management interventions for hip fracture – volume: 55 start-page: 146 year: 2008 end-page: 154 article-title: Is operative delay associated with increased mortality of hip fracture patients? Systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression publication-title: Can J Anaesth – volume: 5 start-page: CD001159 year: 2017 article-title: Peripheral nerve blocks for hip fractures publication-title: Cochrane Database Syst Rev – volume: 98 start-page: 156 year: 2003 end-page: 163 article-title: Preoperative cardiac events in elderly patients with hip fracture randomized to epidural or conventional analgesia publication-title: Anesthesiology – volume: 94 start-page: 1606 year: 2002 end-page: 1613 article-title: Continuous psoas compartment block for postoperative analgesia after total hip arthroplasty: new landmarks, technical guidelines, and clinical evaluation publication-title: Anesth Analg – volume: 44 start-page: 1061 year: 2000 end-page: 1070 article-title: Epidural infusion of bupivacaine and fentanyl reduces perioperative myocardial ischaemia in elderly patients with hip fracture − a randomized controlled trial publication-title: Acta Anaesthesiol Scand – volume: 106 start-page: 773 year: 2007 end-page: 778 article-title: Fascia iliaca compartment blockade for acute pain control in hip fracture patients: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial publication-title: Anesthesiology – start-page: CD001159 year: 2002 article-title: Nerve blocks (subcostal, lateral cutaneous, femoral, triple, psoas) for hip fractures publication-title: Cochrane Database Syst Rev – start-page: 179 year: 2004 end-page: 184 article-title: Antibiotic prophylaxis in hip fracture surgery: a metaanalysis publication-title: Clin Orthop Relat Res – volume: 32 start-page: 823 year: 2014 end-page: 839 article-title: Optimizing perioperative care for patients with hip fracture publication-title: Anesthesiol Clin – volume: 4 start-page: 9 year: 2003 end-page: 15 article-title: Development and psychometric evaluation of the Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia (PAINAD) scale publication-title: J Am Med Dir Assoc |
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Snippet | Perioperative myocardial ischemia is common among patients undergoing hip fracture surgery. Our aim is to evaluate the efficacy of perioperative continuous... Abstract Background Perioperative myocardial ischemia is common among patients undergoing hip fracture surgery. Our aim is to evaluate the efficacy of... Background: Perioperative myocardial ischemia is common among patients undergoing hip fracture surgery. Our aim is to evaluate the efficacy of perioperative... |
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SubjectTerms | Analgesia ANESTHESIOLOGY Bloqueio do plexo lombar Cardiovascular complications Complicações cardiovasculares Fratura do quadril Hip fracture Lumbar plexus block Scientific |
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Title | Perioperative lumbar plexus block and cardiac ischemia in patients with hip fracture: randomized clinical trial |
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