Investigation of aerodynamic performance and operational optimization of wing sails at varying spacings - Zhang, Rui; Huang, Lianzhong; Peng, Guisheng; Ruan, Zhang; Ma, Ranqi; Wang, Kai; Cao, Jianlin; Wu, Jianyi; Li, Xiaowu (Ocean engineering, 2025)
Keywords: Computational fluid dynamics (CFD); Energy efficiency design index (EEDI); Genetic algorithm (GA); Interaction of crescent wing sails; Optimization of angle of attack; Spacing ratio; Wind-assisted propulsion technology; Genetic algorithm (GA); Energy efficiency design index (EEDI); Wind-assisted propulsion technology; Computational fluid dynamics (CFD); Optimization of angle of attack; Interaction of crescent wing sails; Spacing ratio