Experimental study on leakage detection method for solar thermal systems using dimensionless pressure indices

• Published in: Renewable energy Vol. 256; p. 124202
• Main Authors: Farooq, Muhammad, Lim, Byung-Ju, Cho, Sung-Hoon, Lee, Ga-Ram, Park, Chang-Dae
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Ltd 01.01.2026
• Subjects: Dimensionless pressure index; Leakage detection; Renewable energy; Solar energy; Solar thermal system; System pressure; System pressure; Leakage detection; Dimensionless pressure index; Renewable energy; Solar thermal system; Solar energy
• ISSN: 0960-1481
• DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.124202

Solar thermal systems play a significant role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions but are often subject to performance degradation due to faults that occur during their lifespan. Among these faults, leaks are a common cause of failure, leading to performance degradation and system inoperability. Therefore, prompt leak detection is critical to minimizing heating medium loss and enhancing reliability and efficiency. This study proposes a novel, cost-effective method for detecting leaks by analyzing system pressure in solar thermal systems, thereby eliminating the need for additional sensors. Two dimensionless pressure index variables were introduced to facilitate leak detection, and their relationship to leakage was established through experimental data. Finally, mathematical models were developed to identify leaks based on these pressure indices. The results show that leaks have a significant effect on system pressure, and the proposed indices are highly effective in detecting leaks. The models can be integrated into existing solar thermal monitoring systems, providing a practical and cost-effective solution for enhanced reliability and performance.