Hierarchical Codebook Design for Beam Alignment in Terahertz Ultramassive MIMO Systems - Eom, Chahyeon; Lee, Chungyong (IEEE internet of things journal, 2025)
Keywords: Alignment; Base stations; Beam misalignment; codebook design; Communications systems; Data communication; hierarchical beam training; Internet of Things; Internet of Things (IoT) systems; Linear antenna arrays; Massive MIMO; Misalignment; Programming; Real time; Real-time systems; Spectral efficiency; terahertz (THz); Terahertz communications; Training; ultramassive multiple input–multiple output (UM-MIMO); Vectors