A Rapid Adapting and Continual Learning Spiking Neural Network Path Planning Algorithm for Mobile Robots

• Published in: IEEE robotics and automation letters Vol. 9; no. 11; pp. 9542 - 9549
• Main Authors: Espino, Harrison, Bain, Robert, Krichmar, Jeffrey L.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Piscataway IEEE 01.11.2024; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Adaptive systems; Algorithms; Autonomous navigation; Autonomous robots; Autonomous vehicle navigation; Autonomous vehicles; Barriers; Costs; Hardware; Machine learning; Mapping; motion and path planning; Navigation; Navigation systems; Neural engineering; Neural networks; neurorobotics; Path planning; Planning; Robots; Simultaneous localization and mapping; Spiking; Terrain; Vehicle dynamics; Wave fronts
• ISSN: 2377-3766; 2377-3766
• DOI: 10.1109/LRA.2024.3457371

Mapping traversal costs in an environment and planning paths based on this map are important for autonomous navigation. We present a neurorobotic navigation system that utilizes a Spiking Neural Network (SNN) Wavefront Planner and E-prop learning to concurrently map and plan paths in a large and complex environment. We incorporate a novel method for mapping which, when combined with the Spiking Wavefront Planner (SWP), allows for adaptive planning by selectively considering any combination of costs. The system is tested on a mobile robot platform in an outdoor environment with obstacles and varying terrain. Results indicate that the system is capable of discerning features in the environment using three measures of cost, (1) energy expenditure by the wheels, (2) time spent in the presence of obstacles, and (3) terrain slope. In just twelve hours of online training, E-prop learns and incorporates traversal costs into the path planning maps by updating the delays in the SWP. On simulated paths, the SWP plans significantly shorter and lower cost paths than A* and RRT*. The SWP is compatible with neuromorphic hardware and could be used for applications requiring low size, weight, and power.