TOURAINE: LE SUJET CONTRE LE SYSTÈME

• Published in: Lua nova no. 106; pp. 15 - 35
• Main Author: Dubet, François
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: French; Portuguese
• Published: Sao Paulo CEDEC 01.04.2019; Centro de Estudos de Cultura Contemporânea, CEDEC
• Subjects: Dominance; Intervention Sociologique; Left wing politics; Mouvement Social; Political parties; Postindustrial societies; Social activism; Social movements; Subjectivity; Sujet Historique; Touraine, Alain
• ISSN: 0102-6445; 1807-0175
• DOI: 10.1590/0102-015035/106

Résumé Malgré son ampleur et la multitude des objets qu’elle aborde, l’œuvre de Touraine est conduite par une thèse centrale: la tension entre l’acteur social et le système. Cette idée s’est déployée sur plusieurs thèmes: le travail, la société post-industrielle, les mouvements sociaux et l’idée de sujet. Dans tous les cas, Touraine oppose le sujet, ses droits et sa subjectivité, aux logiques de la domination et du fonctionnement de la société. Intellectuel de gauche, Touraine n’est cependant pas l’intellectuel organique des partis et des mouvements sociaux dont il soutient les combats, car tout son travail scientifique vise à mettre en lumière ce qui oppose le travail du sujet aux idéologies constituées. Resumo Apesar de sua grande amplitude e multiplicidade dos objetos que aborda, a obra de Touraine é conduzida por uma tese central: a tensão entre o ator social e o sistema. Esta ideia se espalhou por diversos temas: o trabalho, a sociedade pós-industrial, os movimentos sociais e a ideia de sujeito. Em todos os casos, Touraine opõe o sujeito, seus direitos e sua subjetividade às lógicas de dominação e do funcionamento da sociedade. Intelectual de esquerda, Touraine não é, no entanto, o intelectual orgânico dos partidos e movimentos sociais cujas lutas ele apoia, pois todo seu trabalho científico visa destacar o que opõe o trabalho do sujeito a ideologias constituídas. Abstract Despite its large scope and the multitude of objects it addresses, Touraine’s work is driven by a central thesis, i.e. the existing tension between the social actor and the system. He has developed this argument on several themes: work, post-industrial society, social movements and the idea of subject. In all cases, Touraine opposes the subject - its rights and its subjectivity - to the logics of domination and of the functioning of society. Being a left-wing intellectual, Touraine, however, is not an organic intellectual of the political parties and social movements that he supports. The whole of his scientific work aims at highlighting the opposition between the subject’s work and the established ideologies.