Analysis of apnea diving development trends in pool disciplines from 2002 to 2021

• Published in: Kinesiologia slovenica Vol. 29; no. 2; pp. 208 - 219
• Main Authors: Zoretić, Dajana, Biloš, Tomislav, Krakan, Ivan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Ljubljana University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Sport 01.01.2023
• Subjects: Men; Metabolism; Physiology; Success; Trends
• ISSN: 1318-2269; 2232-4062
• DOI: 10.52165/kinsi.29.2.208-219

Apnea diving as a sport has evolved to such an extent that many professional divers have managed to achieve results that were considered impossible ten years ago. The predictions of doctors and experts in static apnea, long-distance diving and achievable depths have been exceeded. The aim of this research is to analyze this trend and determine the development curve for the best results in the world between professional apnea divers in pool disciplines over the last 20 years. The sample of subjects in this work consists of the three best world results of free-breath divers in pool disciplines (STA, DNF, DNY) from 2002 to 2021. The variables used in the research are dynamics without flippers (DNF), dynamics with flippers (DYN) and statics (STA) in men. The data was collected from the official websites of the International umbrella diving organizations - AIDA and CMAS. Collected data was processed using a method, algorithm and trend analysis program in the Statistica 13.0 software package. A polynomial regression analysis was used to analyze the development trend of the best results in a given year for each discipline. The coefficient of determination (STA Multi. R=0.77 p≥0.00, DYN Multi. R=0.87 p≥0.00, DNF Multi. R=0.90 p≥0.00) of the positive correlation of the results, while statistical significance was determined by the analysis as a consequence of the constant change in the results. According to the data obtained from the research, a linear increase in results in all three disciplines (statics, dynamics without flippers, dynamics with flippers) between 2002 and 2021 can be determined. According to the analyzed literature, important success factors are knowledge of certain physiological properties, the physical condition of the individual and the optimization of energy.   Potapljanje z apnejo se je kot šport razvilo do te mere, da je mnogim profesionalnim potapljačem uspelo doseči rezultate, ki so pred desetimi leti veljali za nemogoče. Napovedi zdravnikov in strokovnjakov s področja statične apneje, potapljanja na dolge razdalje in dosegljivih globin so bile presežene. Namen te raziskave je analizirati ta trend in določiti razvojno krivuljo za najboljše rezultate na svetu med profesionalnimi potapljači z apnejo v bazenskih disciplinah v zadnjih 20 letih. Vzorec preiskovancev sestavljajo trije najboljši svetovni rezultati potapljačev v bazenskih disciplinah apneje (STA, DNF, DNY) od leta 2002 do 2021. Spremenljivke, uporabljene v raziskavi, so dinamična apneja brez plavuti (DNF), dinamična apneja s plavutmi (DYN) in statična apneja (STA) pri moških. Podatki so bili zbrani na uradnih spletnih straneh mednarodnih krovnih potapljaških organizacij - AIDA in CMAS. Zbrani podatki so bili obdelani s programom za analizo metod, algoritmov in trendov v programskem paketu Statistica 13.0. Za analizo trenda razvoja najboljših rezultatov v posameznem letu za vsako disciplino je bila uporabljena polinomska regresijska analiza, medtem ko je bila statistična značilnost določena z analizo kot posledica konstantne spremembe rezultatov. Koeficient determinacije (STA Multi. R=0.77 p≥0.00, DYN Multi. R=0.87 p≥0.00, DNF Multi. R=0.90 p≥0.00) kaže pozitivne korelacije rezultatov. Glede na podatke, pridobljene z raziskavo, je mogoče ugotoviti linearno naraščanje rezultatov v vseh treh disciplinah (statična apneja, dinamična apneja brez plavuti in s plavutmi) med letoma 2002 in 2021. Glede na analizirano literaturo so pomembni dejavniki uspeha poznavanje določenih fizioloških lastnosti, telesna pripravljenost posameznika in optimizacija energije.