Customized Transmission Protocol for Tile-Based 360° VR Video Streaming Over Core Network Slices

• Published in: IEEE Transactions on Networking Vol. 33; no. 1; pp. 340 - 354
• Main Authors: Wei, Yannan, Ye, Qiang, Qu, Kaige, Zhuang, Weihua, Shen, Xuemin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: IEEE 01.02.2025
• Subjects: 360° VR video streaming; Control systems; Filtering; FoV; Internet; Multiplexing; protocol functionalities; Protocols; Quality assessment; QUIC; SDN/NFV-enabled network slice; Servers; Streaming media; Streams; tile-to-stream mappings; transmission protocol
• ISSN: 2998-4157; 2998-4157
• DOI: 10.1109/TNET.2024.3485583

Tile-based streaming has been proposed to address the challenge of high transmission rate demand in 360° virtual reality (VR) video streaming. However, it suffers from network and viewing behavior dynamics (i.e., head movements), while encoded video tiles have various properties in terms of transmission priority, deadline, and reliability requirement. Hence, a supporting transmission protocol is imperative. In this paper, we propose a customized transmission protocol based on Quick UDP Internet Connections (QUIC) which operates over a VR video network slice in the core network. The QUIC protocol is tailored to accommodate the characteristics of tile-based VR video streaming where explicit mapping relations between requested video tiles and QUIC streams are established. Two customized in-network protocol functionalities including packet filtering and caching-based packet retransmission are proposed, to filter out outdated video data due to field-of-view (FoV) prediction errors under viewing behavior dynamics and to achieve efficient packet retransmissions with disparate transmission reliability requirements. A slice-level packet header is designed to support enhanced slice-based VR video transmission with the proposed protocol functionalities. Key transport parameters are determined via theoretical analysis. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed transmission protocol in achieving short average video segment downloading time and high average video segment quality.