Efeito da simplificação sintática sobre a compreensão de leitura de crianças do ensino fundamental
RESUMO Objetivo Investigar o efeito da estratégia de simplificação sintática de textos sobre o desempenho em compreensão leitora de escolares de 20 a 40 ano do ensino fundamental. Métodos Estudo transversal, analítico, caso controle. Participaram 112 escolares do ensino público, do 20 ao 40 ano esco...
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Published in | Audiology - Communication Research Vol. 24 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English Portuguese |
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Academia Brasileira de Audiologia
2019
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Online Access | Get full text |
ISSN | 2317-6431 2317-6431 |
DOI | 10.1590/2317-6431-2018-1985 |
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Abstract | RESUMO Objetivo Investigar o efeito da estratégia de simplificação sintática de textos sobre o desempenho em compreensão leitora de escolares de 20 a 40 ano do ensino fundamental. Métodos Estudo transversal, analítico, caso controle. Participaram 112 escolares do ensino público, do 20 ao 40 ano escolar. Os participantes foram distribuídos em Grupo TO – expostos ao texto expositivo original e Grupo TS – expostos ao texto simplificado. Os grupos foram pareados segundo acurácia e não diferiram quanto à capacidade de compreensão leitora. O texto original foi submetido às seguintes modificações sintáticas: divisão de sentenças complexas, simplificação de marcadores discursivos, supressão de voz ativa e anáforas, inversão na ordem de cláusulas, com deslocamento da sentença principal para o início e utilização exclusiva da ordenação sujeito-verbo-objeto. Para atestar a simplificação, utilizou-se a ferramenta computadorizada CohMetrix-Port. A análise da compreensão por meio dos recontos dos textos lidos computou o total de ideias (centrais, detalhes) e de enlaces recontados. Resultados A análise comparativa dos grupos identificou diferenças quanto ao total de ideias centrais (U=1029,5, p=0,001), de detalhe (U=599,5, p=0,000) e total de ideias recontadas (U=1247,5, p=0,041), com melhor desempenho para o Grupo TS. A análise da escolaridade mostrou que o 30 e o 40 ano mais se beneficiaram da simplificação sintática. Conclusão A simplificação dos textos, atestada pelos parâmetros do CohMetrix-Port, produziu efeitos de facilitação sobre o processamento microestrutural do texto de escolares do 30 e 40 anos do ensino fundamental, promovendo maior retenção das ideias.
ABSTRACT Purpose To investigate the effects of Syntactic text simplification on the reading comprehension performance of Elementary School students. Methods Cross-sectional, analytical, case-control study. Study participants were 112 students regularly enrolled in the 2nd-4th grades of public Elementary Schools. Participants were divided into two groups: Group OT – students exposed to the original expository text and Group ST – students exposed to the simplified expository text. The groups were matched for accuracy and did not differ with respect to reading comprehension capacity. The simplified text was obtained by submitting the original text to the following syntactic modifications: separation of complex sentences, simplification of discursive markers, suppression of active voice and anaphora, inversion of clause order with displacement of the main clause to the beginning of the sentence, and exclusive use of the subject-verb-object order. Text simplification was verified using the Coh-Metrix-Port computational tool. Comprehension analysis through retell of the texts read determined the total of ideas (central and detailed) and retold links. Results Comparative analysis of the groups identified differences between the total of central, detailed and retold ideas, with the best performance observed in the Group ST. Students from 3rd and 4th grades benefitted the most from syntactic simplification. Conclusion Text syntactic simplification, verified by the Coh-Metrix-Port parameters, facilitated the micro-structural text processing of 3rd and 4th grade students, promoting greater retention of ideas. |
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AbstractList | RESUMO Objetivo Investigar o efeito da estratégia de simplificação sintática de textos sobre o desempenho em compreensão leitora de escolares de 20 a 40 ano do ensino fundamental. Métodos Estudo transversal, analítico, caso controle. Participaram 112 escolares do ensino público, do 20 ao 40 ano escolar. Os participantes foram distribuídos em Grupo TO – expostos ao texto expositivo original e Grupo TS – expostos ao texto simplificado. Os grupos foram pareados segundo acurácia e não diferiram quanto à capacidade de compreensão leitora. O texto original foi submetido às seguintes modificações sintáticas: divisão de sentenças complexas, simplificação de marcadores discursivos, supressão de voz ativa e anáforas, inversão na ordem de cláusulas, com deslocamento da sentença principal para o início e utilização exclusiva da ordenação sujeito-verbo-objeto. Para atestar a simplificação, utilizou-se a ferramenta computadorizada CohMetrix-Port. A análise da compreensão por meio dos recontos dos textos lidos computou o total de ideias (centrais, detalhes) e de enlaces recontados. Resultados A análise comparativa dos grupos identificou diferenças quanto ao total de ideias centrais (U=1029,5, p=0,001), de detalhe (U=599,5, p=0,000) e total de ideias recontadas (U=1247,5, p=0,041), com melhor desempenho para o Grupo TS. A análise da escolaridade mostrou que o 30 e o 40 ano mais se beneficiaram da simplificação sintática. Conclusão A simplificação dos textos, atestada pelos parâmetros do CohMetrix-Port, produziu efeitos de facilitação sobre o processamento microestrutural do texto de escolares do 30 e 40 anos do ensino fundamental, promovendo maior retenção das ideias. RESUMO Objetivo Investigar o efeito da estratégia de simplificação sintática de textos sobre o desempenho em compreensão leitora de escolares de 20 a 40 ano do ensino fundamental. Métodos Estudo transversal, analítico, caso controle. Participaram 112 escolares do ensino público, do 20 ao 40 ano escolar. Os participantes foram distribuídos em Grupo TO – expostos ao texto expositivo original e Grupo TS – expostos ao texto simplificado. Os grupos foram pareados segundo acurácia e não diferiram quanto à capacidade de compreensão leitora. O texto original foi submetido às seguintes modificações sintáticas: divisão de sentenças complexas, simplificação de marcadores discursivos, supressão de voz ativa e anáforas, inversão na ordem de cláusulas, com deslocamento da sentença principal para o início e utilização exclusiva da ordenação sujeito-verbo-objeto. Para atestar a simplificação, utilizou-se a ferramenta computadorizada CohMetrix-Port. A análise da compreensão por meio dos recontos dos textos lidos computou o total de ideias (centrais, detalhes) e de enlaces recontados. Resultados A análise comparativa dos grupos identificou diferenças quanto ao total de ideias centrais (U=1029,5, p=0,001), de detalhe (U=599,5, p=0,000) e total de ideias recontadas (U=1247,5, p=0,041), com melhor desempenho para o Grupo TS. A análise da escolaridade mostrou que o 30 e o 40 ano mais se beneficiaram da simplificação sintática. Conclusão A simplificação dos textos, atestada pelos parâmetros do CohMetrix-Port, produziu efeitos de facilitação sobre o processamento microestrutural do texto de escolares do 30 e 40 anos do ensino fundamental, promovendo maior retenção das ideias. ABSTRACT Purpose To investigate the effects of Syntactic text simplification on the reading comprehension performance of Elementary School students. Methods Cross-sectional, analytical, case-control study. Study participants were 112 students regularly enrolled in the 2nd-4th grades of public Elementary Schools. Participants were divided into two groups: Group OT – students exposed to the original expository text and Group ST – students exposed to the simplified expository text. The groups were matched for accuracy and did not differ with respect to reading comprehension capacity. The simplified text was obtained by submitting the original text to the following syntactic modifications: separation of complex sentences, simplification of discursive markers, suppression of active voice and anaphora, inversion of clause order with displacement of the main clause to the beginning of the sentence, and exclusive use of the subject-verb-object order. Text simplification was verified using the Coh-Metrix-Port computational tool. Comprehension analysis through retell of the texts read determined the total of ideas (central and detailed) and retold links. Results Comparative analysis of the groups identified differences between the total of central, detailed and retold ideas, with the best performance observed in the Group ST. Students from 3rd and 4th grades benefitted the most from syntactic simplification. Conclusion Text syntactic simplification, verified by the Coh-Metrix-Port parameters, facilitated the micro-structural text processing of 3rd and 4th grade students, promoting greater retention of ideas. |
Author | Rebello, Beatriz Meira Santos, Giovanna Lima dos Ávila, Clara Regina Brandão de Kida, Adriana de Souza Batista |
AuthorAffiliation | Universidade Federal de São Paulo |
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Keywords | Simplificação do trabalho Compreensão leitora Fonoaudiologia Word processing, Language Linguagem Reading comprehension Processamento de texto Work simplification Speech Language and hearing sciences |
Language | English Portuguese |
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A research synthesis of text difficulty and elementary students’ reading fluency and comprehension publication-title: Educ Psychol Rev – volume: 32 start-page: 605 issue: 4 year: 2015 end-page: 615 article-title: Influência da modalidade de reconto na avaliação do desempenho de escolares em compreensão leitora publication-title: Estudos de Psicologia (Campinas) – start-page: 60 year: 2002 end-page: 65 publication-title: Resolving attachment and clause boundary ambiguities for simplifying relative clause constructs. – volume: 83 start-page: 329 issue: 3 year: 1991 end-page: 345 article-title: Using Kintsch’s computational model to improve instructional text: effect of repairing inferences calls on recall and cognitive structures publication-title: J Educ Psychol |
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SubjectTerms | AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Compreensão leitora Fonoaudiologia Linguagem Processamento de texto REHABILITATION Simplificação do trabalho |
Title | Efeito da simplificação sintática sobre a compreensão de leitura de crianças do ensino fundamental |
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