Deep Learning and ECM Fusion for Realization of Advanced Resistive Ink FSS-Based Customized Microwave Absorber

• Published in: IEEE journal on electromagnetic compatibility practice and applications Vol. 6; no. 4; pp. 132 - 137
• Main Authors: Agrawal, Anjali, Kumar, Anil, Panwar, Ravi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York IEEE 01.12.2024; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Absorption; Artificial neural networks; Current distribution; Customization; Deep learning; Deep neural network (DNN); Dielectric substrates; Electromagnetic compatibility; electromagnetic compatibility (EMC); equivalent circuit modeling; Equivalent circuits; Frequency selective surfaces; frequency-selective surface (FSS); Machine learning; microwave absorber; Microwave absorbers; Microwave circuits; Rectangular waveguides; Reflectance; Reflection coefficient; Resonant frequencies; Search algorithms; stealth technology; Superhigh frequencies; Wave reflection
• ISSN: 2637-6423; 2637-6423
• DOI: 10.1109/LEMCPA.2024.3458790

This letter introduces a simple frequency-selective surface (FSS) design for a resistive microwave absorber in X-band applications. It utilizes a polymer-based dielectric substrate and Y-Shield HSF 64 resistive ink with a conductivity of 640 S/m. The absorber's design is realized using a deep neural network (DNN) integrated with equivalent circuit modeling (ECM) and validated through the bees algorithm (BeA). Fabrication involves manually creating <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">1\times 3 </tex-math></inline-formula> unit cells, followed by experimental evaluation using the WR-90 rectangular waveguide method. Results from ECM-backed DNN, ECM-assisted BeA, and full-wave simulation align closely with measured data, demonstrating a minimum reflection coefficient of −22.5 dB at the resonant frequency of 10 GHz with a bandwidth of 4.2 GHz (8.2-12.4 GHz) for normal incidence. This letter also examines the surface current distribution and electromagnetic (EM) properties, highlighting the absorber's simplicity, flexibility, lightweight construction, polarization insensitivity, angular stability, and wideband characteristics, making it suitable for customized stealth and electromagnetic- compatibility (EMC) applications.