Basic Physical Principles and Clinical Applications of Computed Tomography
The evolution of X-ray computed tomography (CT) has been based on the discovery of X-rays, the inception of the Radon transform, and the development of X-ray digital data acquisition systems and computer technology. Unlike conventional X-ray imaging (general radiography), CT reconstructs cross-secti...
Saved in:
Published in | Progress in Medical Physics Vol. 32; no. 1; pp. 1 - 17 |
---|---|
Main Author | |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
한국의학물리학회
31.03.2021
|
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
ISSN | 2508-4445 2508-4453 2508-4453 |
DOI | 10.14316/pmp.2021.32.1.1 |
Cover
Abstract | The evolution of X-ray computed tomography (CT) has been based on the discovery of X-rays, the inception of the Radon transform, and the development of X-ray digital data acquisition systems and computer technology. Unlike conventional X-ray imaging (general radiography), CT reconstructs cross-sectional anatomical images of the internal structures according to X-ray attenuation coefficients (approximate tissue density) for almost every region in the body. This article reviews the essential physical principles and technical aspects of the CT scanner, including several notable evolutions in CT technology that resulted in the emergence of helical, multidetector, cone beam, portable, dual-energy, and phase-contrast CT, in integrated imaging modalities, such as positron-emission-tomography一CT and single-photon-emission-computed-tomography一CT, and in clinical applications, including image acquisition parameters, CT angiography, image adjustment, versatile image visualizations, volumetric/surface rendering on a computer workstation, radiation treatment planning, and target localization in radiotherapy. The understanding of CT characteristics will provide more effective and accurate patient care in the fields of diagnostics and radiotherapy, and can lead to the improvement of image quality and the optimization of exposure doses. KCI Citation Count: 0 |
---|---|
AbstractList | The evolution of X-ray computed tomography (CT) has been based on the discovery of X-rays, the inception of the Radon transform, and the development of X-ray digital data acquisition systems and computer technology. Unlike conventional X-ray imaging (general radiography), CT reconstructs cross-sectional anatomical images of the internal structures according to X-ray attenuation coefficients (approximate tissue density) for almost every region in the body. This article reviews the essential physical principles and technical aspects of the CT scanner, including several notable evolutions in CT technology that resulted in the emergence of helical, multidetector, cone beam, portable, dual-energy, and phase-contrast CT, in integrated imaging modalities, such as positron-emission-tomography一CT and single-photon-emission-computed-tomography一CT, and in clinical applications, including image acquisition parameters, CT angiography, image adjustment, versatile image visualizations, volumetric/surface rendering on a computer workstation, radiation treatment planning, and target localization in radiotherapy. The understanding of CT characteristics will provide more effective and accurate patient care in the fields of diagnostics and radiotherapy, and can lead to the improvement of image quality and the optimization of exposure doses. KCI Citation Count: 0 |
Author | Jung, Haijo |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Haijo orcidid: 0000-0001-7559-1026 surname: Jung fullname: Jung, Haijo organization: Development Headquarter, FutureChem Co., Ltd, Division of Applied RI, Korean Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), Seoul, Korea |
BackLink | https://www.kci.go.kr/kciportal/ci/sereArticleSearch/ciSereArtiView.kci?sereArticleSearchBean.artiId=ART002700440$$DAccess content in National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) |
BookMark | eNqNkM1LwzAYxoNMcM7dPfbqoTVpPtoe5_BjIjhknkOaJVtYmoS0Q_rfWzvxIAienoeX5_cefpdg4rxTAFwjmCGCEbsNTchymKMM5xnK0BmY5hSWKSEUT346oRdg3ramhhTjgpWETsHznWiNTNb7fghhk3U0TppgVZsIt02W1rjxvgjBDqUz3rWJ18nSN-HYqW2y8Y3fRRH2_RU418K2av6dM_D-cL9ZPqUvr4-r5eIllYgRlCJZQVWXuUaUwJoWFdQMYUE13qqyVppWtFIUVpQpTApJS0kEJVhWFYW6JhDPwM3pr4uaH6ThXpgxd54fIl-8bVa8KhhjBA9bdNoeXRD9h7CWh2gaEXuOIB_d8cEd_3LHcc4RRwMDT4yMvm2j0v9B2C9Emm6U1UVh7N_gJyrshRw |
CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_3390_app15010309 crossref_primary_10_1021_acsbiomaterials_3c01667 crossref_primary_10_3390_a17020071 crossref_primary_10_3390_diagnostics14121213 crossref_primary_10_54393_pbmj_v5i11_824 crossref_primary_10_1002_mp_17176 crossref_primary_10_1080_23311916_2024_2338994 crossref_primary_10_1002_wnan_1946 crossref_primary_10_20473_jvhs_V7_I3_2024_142_150 crossref_primary_10_1097_MCC_0000000000000942 crossref_primary_10_3390_jimaging9100200 crossref_primary_10_1002_ird3_61 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_displa_2025_102968 crossref_primary_10_2147_VMRR_S367040 crossref_primary_10_56712_latam_v4i1_296 crossref_primary_10_26583_vestnik_2023_277 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00603_024_04052_9 crossref_primary_10_3788_LOP232102 crossref_primary_10_1002_jbio_202400086 crossref_primary_10_17714_gumusfenbil_1319024 crossref_primary_10_47820_recima21_v5i1_5448 crossref_primary_10_1021_acs_molpharmaceut_4c00725 |
Cites_doi | 10.2147/MDER.S70630 10.1016/j.diii.2014.01.001 10.1118/1.1769632 10.1007/s13244-017-0571-4 10.1016/S0079-6638(08)70123-9 10.1136/bmj.324.7345.1077 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-121813-113601 10.1117/12.772303 10.1016/j.cden.2008.05.005 10.1016/j.acra.2017.11.017 10.37549/AR2291 10.1118/1.1609271 10.14316/pmp.2019.30.4.160 10.1002/cmmi.394 10.3174/ajnr.A1653 10.5405/jmbe.1372 10.1148/rg.314105159 10.12659/PJR.890745 10.1016/j.cden.2014.03.002 10.3174/ajnr.A1603 10.1186/2193-1801-2-393 10.1148/radiol.2353040037 10.2967/jnmt.107.042978 10.1007/s40134-012-0005-5 10.1016/j.ejrnm.2016.08.016 10.1007/978-3-319-96520-8 10.1148/radiographics.19.3.g99ma14745 10.17925/EOH.2011.07.02.121 10.1097/RLI.0000000000000172 10.2967/jnmt.106.037846 10.1259/0007-1285-46-552-1016 10.1259/0007-1285-68-815-1145 10.1016/j.crad.2018.02.012 10.1148/rg.304095175 10.1109/NSSMIC.2012.6551663 10.3348/kjr.2012.13.1.1 10.1118/1.598938 10.2214/ajr.180.1.1800223 10.1016/j.adro.2020.04.019 10.1102/1470-7330.2012.0049 10.1001/archinternmed.2009.427 10.1016/j.ejro.2016.03.002 10.2214/ajr.183.3.1830663 10.2214/AJR.11.6533 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0150(1998)3:4 10.2214/ajr.165.5.7572473 10.1016/j.adro.2019.07.013 10.1259/bjr.20160406 10.1016/j.ejmp.2019.02.014 10.1016/j.arthro.2018.11.013 10.1088/0031-9155/49/11/007 10.2214/AJR.12.9720 10.7759/cureus.5579 |
ContentType | Journal Article |
DBID | AAYXX CITATION ADTOC UNPAY ACYCR |
DOI | 10.14316/pmp.2021.32.1.1 |
DatabaseName | CrossRef Unpaywall for CDI: Periodical Content Unpaywall Korean Citation Index |
DatabaseTitle | CrossRef |
DatabaseTitleList | |
Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: UNPAY name: Unpaywall url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://unpaywall.org/ sourceTypes: Open Access Repository |
DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
EISSN | 2508-4453 |
EndPage | 17 |
ExternalDocumentID | oai_kci_go_kr_ARTI_9766643 10.14316/pmp.2021.32.1.1 10_14316_pmp_2021_32_1_1 |
GroupedDBID | .UV AAYXX ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS CITATION ADTOC UNPAY ACYCR M~E |
ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c1641-1c90eb82f1540b5790f613a5f3de8bef5959e50956e347c58c4a543c9950fb403 |
IEDL.DBID | UNPAY |
ISSN | 2508-4445 2508-4453 |
IngestDate | Tue Nov 21 21:47:11 EST 2023 Tue Aug 19 19:37:28 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 24 22:55:24 EDT 2025 Tue Jul 01 01:12:36 EDT 2025 |
IsDoiOpenAccess | true |
IsOpenAccess | true |
IsPeerReviewed | false |
IsScholarly | false |
Issue | 1 |
Language | English |
LinkModel | DirectLink |
MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c1641-1c90eb82f1540b5790f613a5f3de8bef5959e50956e347c58c4a543c9950fb403 |
ORCID | 0000-0001-7559-1026 |
OpenAccessLink | https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://www.progmedphys.org/journal/download_pdf.php?doi=10.14316/pmp.2021.32.1.1 |
PageCount | 17 |
ParticipantIDs | nrf_kci_oai_kci_go_kr_ARTI_9766643 unpaywall_primary_10_14316_pmp_2021_32_1_1 crossref_primary_10_14316_pmp_2021_32_1_1 crossref_citationtrail_10_14316_pmp_2021_32_1_1 |
ProviderPackageCode | CITATION AAYXX |
PublicationCentury | 2000 |
PublicationDate | 2021-03-31 |
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2021-03-31 |
PublicationDate_xml | – month: 03 year: 2021 text: 2021-03-31 day: 31 |
PublicationDecade | 2020 |
PublicationTitle | Progress in Medical Physics |
PublicationYear | 2021 |
Publisher | 한국의학물리학회 |
Publisher_xml | – name: 한국의학물리학회 |
References | ref13 ref57 ref12 ref56 ref15 ref59 ref14 ref58 ref53 ref52 ref11 ref55 ref10 ref54 ref17 ref16 ref19 ref18 ref51 ref50 ref46 ref45 ref48 ref47 ref42 ref41 ref44 ref43 ref49 ref8 ref7 ref9 ref4 ref3 ref6 ref5 ref40 ref35 ref34 ref37 ref36 ref31 ref30 ref33 ref32 ref2 ref1 ref39 ref38 ref24 ref23 ref26 ref25 ref20 ref64 ref63 ref22 ref21 ref28 ref27 ref29 ref60 ref62 ref61 |
References_xml | – ident: ref33 doi: 10.2147/MDER.S70630 – ident: ref23 doi: 10.1016/j.diii.2014.01.001 – ident: ref5 – ident: ref64 doi: 10.1118/1.1769632 – ident: ref20 – ident: ref25 doi: 10.1007/s13244-017-0571-4 – ident: ref4 doi: 10.1016/S0079-6638(08)70123-9 – ident: ref17 doi: 10.1136/bmj.324.7345.1077 – ident: ref16 doi: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-121813-113601 – ident: ref27 – ident: ref28 doi: 10.1117/12.772303 – ident: ref38 doi: 10.1016/j.cden.2008.05.005 – ident: ref15 doi: 10.1016/j.acra.2017.11.017 – ident: ref21 doi: 10.37549/AR2291 – ident: ref61 doi: 10.1118/1.1609271 – ident: ref59 doi: 10.14316/pmp.2019.30.4.160 – ident: ref53 doi: 10.1002/cmmi.394 – ident: ref41 doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A1653 – ident: ref40 doi: 10.5405/jmbe.1372 – ident: ref26 doi: 10.1148/rg.314105159 – ident: ref36 doi: 10.12659/PJR.890745 – ident: ref37 doi: 10.1016/j.cden.2014.03.002 – ident: ref45 doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A1603 – ident: ref48 doi: 10.1186/2193-1801-2-393 – ident: ref12 – ident: ref14 doi: 10.1148/radiol.2353040037 – ident: ref7 doi: 10.2967/jnmt.107.042978 – ident: ref18 doi: 10.1007/s40134-012-0005-5 – ident: ref63 doi: 10.1016/j.ejrnm.2016.08.016 – ident: ref39 – ident: ref3 – ident: ref6 doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-96520-8 – ident: ref30 doi: 10.1148/radiographics.19.3.g99ma14745 – ident: ref58 – ident: ref43 doi: 10.17925/EOH.2011.07.02.121 – ident: ref54 doi: 10.1097/RLI.0000000000000172 – ident: ref29 doi: 10.2967/jnmt.106.037846 – ident: ref9 doi: 10.1259/0007-1285-46-552-1016 – ident: ref2 doi: 10.1259/0007-1285-68-815-1145 – ident: ref60 – ident: ref62 doi: 10.1016/j.crad.2018.02.012 – ident: ref24 doi: 10.1148/rg.304095175 – ident: ref46 doi: 10.1109/NSSMIC.2012.6551663 – ident: ref57 doi: 10.3348/kjr.2012.13.1.1 – ident: ref11 doi: 10.1118/1.598938 – ident: ref19 doi: 10.2214/ajr.180.1.1800223 – ident: ref42 doi: 10.1016/j.adro.2020.04.019 – ident: ref50 doi: 10.1102/1470-7330.2012.0049 – ident: ref55 doi: 10.1001/archinternmed.2009.427 – ident: ref51 doi: 10.1016/j.ejro.2016.03.002 – ident: ref44 doi: 10.2214/ajr.183.3.1830663 – ident: ref47 doi: 10.2214/AJR.11.6533 – ident: ref32 doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0150(1998)3:4 – ident: ref1 doi: 10.2214/ajr.165.5.7572473 – ident: ref22 doi: 10.1016/j.adro.2019.07.013 – ident: ref34 doi: 10.1259/bjr.20160406 – ident: ref35 doi: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2019.02.014 – ident: ref49 doi: 10.1016/j.arthro.2018.11.013 – ident: ref8 – ident: ref56 – ident: ref13 doi: 10.1088/0031-9155/49/11/007 – ident: ref52 doi: 10.2214/AJR.12.9720 – ident: ref10 – ident: ref31 doi: 10.7759/cureus.5579 |
SSID | ssib053376845 ssib044757084 |
Score | 1.7577066 |
Snippet | The evolution of X-ray computed tomography (CT) has been based on the discovery of X-rays, the inception of the Radon transform, and the development of X-ray... |
SourceID | nrf unpaywall crossref |
SourceType | Open Website Open Access Repository Enrichment Source Index Database |
StartPage | 1 |
SubjectTerms | 방사선과학 |
Title | Basic Physical Principles and Clinical Applications of Computed Tomography |
URI | https://www.progmedphys.org/journal/download_pdf.php?doi=10.14316/pmp.2021.32.1.1 https://www.kci.go.kr/kciportal/ci/sereArticleSearch/ciSereArtiView.kci?sereArticleSearchBean.artiId=ART002700440 |
UnpaywallVersion | publishedVersion |
Volume | 32 |
hasFullText | 1 |
inHoldings | 1 |
isFullTextHit | |
isPrint | |
ispartofPNX | 의학물리, 2021, 32(1), , pp.1-17 |
journalDatabaseRights | – providerCode: PRVHPJ databaseName: ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources customDbUrl: eissn: 2508-4453 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: true ssIdentifier: ssib044757084 issn: 2508-4445 databaseCode: M~E dateStart: 20160101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://road.issn.org providerName: ISSN International Centre |
link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV3NSyMxFH9oPawXdXHFrh-EZS-7MNP5SKYzBw_uUnELSgULegpJJpGl7UypLaIH_3bfa1NRkV0W9jIfkISZ9xLy--UlvwfwFTmyoMRvQR7bIqDctoHOVDvQXGhtdI4ogtY7zs6z0z7vXomrFbhYnoWhbZW0MwmnAqL281i-t2qrJPn4WpVyXLq5dgSO-iMa9XScuzUekfxkEodpEsYhEqK1jGJODVjrn_eOrynJHIKRgPN54mL_LFIfunyviVdT1Wo1weuHWTVW93dqOHwxC51swmT5_YvNJ4NwNtWheXgj7fhff3ALNjxmZceLTvYRVmy1Dd0fCh3Met7PrLdctb9lqiqZ1xvFWi8i5Kx2zKeRKNllPfJy2Z-gf9K5_Hka-MQMgUF2FQexKSKr88Qh_oq0aBeRQ1SghEtLm2vrRCEKK0ji0Ka8bURuuBI8NUUhIqd5lO5Ao6oruwtMZVnRjrhVeVLyRCcKGbnJjDWlVs5ErgmtpQ-k8arllDxjKIm9kF0k2kWSXWSayFjGTfj2XGO8UOz4Q9kv6FY5ML8lyWzT_aaWg4lEMvFLIlLLELA14fuz1__a4ud_KbwH6_S2OOK4D43pZGYPEONM9SGsnj12Dn3ffQJtw_kI |
linkProvider | Unpaywall |
linkToUnpaywall | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1LSwMxEA7aHvTiAxXriyBeFHa7j2S7e_CgYlFBqdBCPYUkm4i07pbaIvrrnWlTURFF8LIPSMLuTEK-L5N8Q8gBcGSOid-8NDSZh7ltPZXIhqcYV0qrFFAErndc3yQXHXbV5d05cjs7C4PbKnFnEkwFSO0nsXxn1XqO8vGlzMUgtxPtCBj1xzjq8Th3ffCI8pNR6MeRH_pAiKoJxpwqpNq5aZ3cYZI5ACMeY5PExe6Zxy50-V0Tn6aq-WII14VxMZAvz7Lf_zALNZfJcPb9080nPX88Ur5-_SLt-K8_uEKWHGalJ9NOtkrmTLFGrk4lOJi2nJ9pa7Zq_0RlkVOnNwq1PkTIaWmpSyOR03b56OSy10mned4-u_BcYgZPA7sKvVBngVFpZAF_BYo3ssACKpDcxrlJlbE845nhKHFoYtbQPNVMchbrLOOBVSyIN0ilKAuzSahMkqwRMCPTKGeRiiQwcp1oo3MlrQ5sjdRnPhDaqZZj8oy-QPaCdhFgF4F2EXEkQhHWyOF7jcFUseOHsvvgVtHTDwJltvF-X4reUACZuBSA1BIAbDVy9O71X1vc-kvhbbKIb9MjjjukMhqOzS5gnJHac732DZwP99c |
openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Basic+Physical+Principles+and+Clinical+Applications+of+Computed+Tomography&rft.jtitle=Progress+in+Medical+Physics&rft.au=Jung%2C+Haijo&rft.date=2021-03-31&rft.issn=2508-4445&rft.eissn=2508-4453&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.epage=17&rft_id=info:doi/10.14316%2Fpmp.2021.32.1.1&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_14316_pmp_2021_32_1_1 |
thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2508-4445&client=summon |
thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2508-4445&client=summon |
thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2508-4445&client=summon |