Chilean consensus by expert panel using the Delphi technique for primary and secondary prevention of gastric cancer
Gastric cancer (GC) is the first cause of cancer-related death in Chile and 6th in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the main gastric carcinogen, and its treatment reduces GC incidence and mortality. Esophageal-gastro-duodenoscopy (EGD) allows for the detectio...
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Published in | Gastroenterología y Hepatología (English Edition) Vol. 47; no. 8; pp. 845 - 857 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Elsevier España, S.L.U
01.10.2024
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
ISSN | 2444-3824 2444-3824 |
DOI | 10.1016/j.gastre.2024.04.043 |
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Abstract | Gastric cancer (GC) is the first cause of cancer-related death in Chile and 6th in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the main gastric carcinogen, and its treatment reduces GC incidence and mortality. Esophageal-gastro-duodenoscopy (EGD) allows for the detection of premalignant conditions and early-stage GC. Mass screening programs for H. pylori infection and screening for premalignant conditions and early-stage GC are not currently implemented in LAC. The aim of this study is to establish recommendations for primary and secondary prevention of GC in asymptomatic standard-risk populations in Chile.
Two on-line synchronous workshops and a seminar were conducted with Chilean experts. A Delphi panel consensus was conducted over 2 rounds to achieve >80% agreement on proposed primary and secondary prevention strategies for the population stratified by age groups.
10, 12, and 12 experts participated in two workshops and a seminar, respectively. In the Delphi panel, 25 out of 37 experts (77.14%) and 28 out of 52 experts (53.85%) responded. For the population aged 16–34, there was no consensus on non-invasive testing and treatment for H. pylori, and the use of EGD was excluded. For the 35–44 age group, non-invasive testing and treatment for H. pylori is recommended, followed by subsequent test-of-cure using non-invasive tests (stool antigen test or urea breath test). In the ≥45 age group, a combined strategy is recommended, involving H. pylori testing and treatment plus non-invasive biomarkers (H. pylori IgG serology and serum pepsinogens I and II); subsequently, a selected group of subjects will undergo EGD with gastric biopsies (Sydney Protocol), which will be used to stratify surveillance according to the OLGA classification (Operative Link for Gastritis Assessment); every 3 years for OLGA III–IV and every 5 years for OLGA I–II.
A “test-and-treat” strategy for H. pylori infection based on non-invasive studies (primary prevention) is proposed in the 35–44 age group, and a combined strategy (serology and EGD) is recommended for the ≥45 age group (primary and secondary prevention). These strategies are potentially applicable to other countries in LAC.
El cáncer gástrico (CG) es la primera causa de muerte oncológica en Chile y la sexta en América Latina y el Caribe (LAC). Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) es el principal carcinógeno gástrico y su tratamiento reduce la incidencia y mortalidad por CG. La endoscopia digestiva alta (EDA) permite la detección de condiciones premalignas y CG incipiente. No existen programas de búsqueda masiva de la infección por H. pylori ni cribado de las condiciones premalignas ni CG incipiente en LAC. El objetivo de este estudio es establecer recomendaciones para la prevención primaria y secundaria de CG en población asintomática de riesgo estándar en Chile.
Se realizaron dos talleres y un seminario sincrónicos con modalidad a distancia, con expertos chilenos. Se realizó un consenso por panel Delfi de 2 rondas hasta lograr >80% de acuerdo respecto a las estrategias de prevención primaria y secundaria propuestas para la población estratificada según grupos etarios.
Se realizaron 2 talleres y un seminario con participación de 10, 12 y 12 expertos, respectivamente. En el panel Delfi respondieron 25 de 37 (77,14%) y 28 de 52 expertos (53,85%). Para la población de 16–34 años no hubo consenso sobre testear y tratar de forma no invasiva para H. pylori y se descartó el uso de EDA. Entre 35–44 años se recomienda testear y tratar de forma no invasiva para H. pylori y evaluar posteriormente su erradicación con pruebas no invasivas (antígeno en deposiciones de H. pylori o prueba de aire espirado). En el grupo ≥45 años se recomienda una estrategia combinada mediante testear y tratar para H. pylori sumado a biomarcadores no invasivos (serología IgG contra H. pylori y pepsinógenos I y II séricos); luego un grupo seleccionado de sujetos, será derivado a EDA con biopsias gástricas (Protocolo Sydney), que serán utilizadas para estratificar riesgo según clasificación Operative Link for Gastritis Assessment (OLGA); cada 3 años en OLGA III-IV y cada 5 años en OLGA I-II.
Se propone una estrategia de testear y tratar la infección por H. pylori (prevención primaria) en base a estudios no invasivos en la población de 35-44 años y una estrategia combinada (serología y EDA) en población ≥45 años (prevención primaria y secundaria). Estas estrategias son potencialmente aplicables por otros países de LAC. |
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AbstractList | Gastric cancer (GC) is the first cause of cancer-related death in Chile and 6th in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the main gastric carcinogen, and its treatment reduces GC incidence and mortality. Esophageal-gastro-duodenoscopy (EGD) allows for the detection of premalignant conditions and early-stage GC. Mass screening programs for H. pylori infection and screening for premalignant conditions and early-stage GC are not currently implemented in LAC. The aim of this study is to establish recommendations for primary and secondary prevention of GC in asymptomatic standard-risk populations in Chile.
Two on-line synchronous workshops and a seminar were conducted with Chilean experts. A Delphi panel consensus was conducted over 2 rounds to achieve >80% agreement on proposed primary and secondary prevention strategies for the population stratified by age groups.
10, 12, and 12 experts participated in two workshops and a seminar, respectively. In the Delphi panel, 25 out of 37 experts (77.14%) and 28 out of 52 experts (53.85%) responded. For the population aged 16–34, there was no consensus on non-invasive testing and treatment for H. pylori, and the use of EGD was excluded. For the 35–44 age group, non-invasive testing and treatment for H. pylori is recommended, followed by subsequent test-of-cure using non-invasive tests (stool antigen test or urea breath test). In the ≥45 age group, a combined strategy is recommended, involving H. pylori testing and treatment plus non-invasive biomarkers (H. pylori IgG serology and serum pepsinogens I and II); subsequently, a selected group of subjects will undergo EGD with gastric biopsies (Sydney Protocol), which will be used to stratify surveillance according to the OLGA classification (Operative Link for Gastritis Assessment); every 3 years for OLGA III–IV and every 5 years for OLGA I–II.
A “test-and-treat” strategy for H. pylori infection based on non-invasive studies (primary prevention) is proposed in the 35–44 age group, and a combined strategy (serology and EGD) is recommended for the ≥45 age group (primary and secondary prevention). These strategies are potentially applicable to other countries in LAC.
El cáncer gástrico (CG) es la primera causa de muerte oncológica en Chile y la sexta en América Latina y el Caribe (LAC). Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) es el principal carcinógeno gástrico y su tratamiento reduce la incidencia y mortalidad por CG. La endoscopia digestiva alta (EDA) permite la detección de condiciones premalignas y CG incipiente. No existen programas de búsqueda masiva de la infección por H. pylori ni cribado de las condiciones premalignas ni CG incipiente en LAC. El objetivo de este estudio es establecer recomendaciones para la prevención primaria y secundaria de CG en población asintomática de riesgo estándar en Chile.
Se realizaron dos talleres y un seminario sincrónicos con modalidad a distancia, con expertos chilenos. Se realizó un consenso por panel Delfi de 2 rondas hasta lograr >80% de acuerdo respecto a las estrategias de prevención primaria y secundaria propuestas para la población estratificada según grupos etarios.
Se realizaron 2 talleres y un seminario con participación de 10, 12 y 12 expertos, respectivamente. En el panel Delfi respondieron 25 de 37 (77,14%) y 28 de 52 expertos (53,85%). Para la población de 16–34 años no hubo consenso sobre testear y tratar de forma no invasiva para H. pylori y se descartó el uso de EDA. Entre 35–44 años se recomienda testear y tratar de forma no invasiva para H. pylori y evaluar posteriormente su erradicación con pruebas no invasivas (antígeno en deposiciones de H. pylori o prueba de aire espirado). En el grupo ≥45 años se recomienda una estrategia combinada mediante testear y tratar para H. pylori sumado a biomarcadores no invasivos (serología IgG contra H. pylori y pepsinógenos I y II séricos); luego un grupo seleccionado de sujetos, será derivado a EDA con biopsias gástricas (Protocolo Sydney), que serán utilizadas para estratificar riesgo según clasificación Operative Link for Gastritis Assessment (OLGA); cada 3 años en OLGA III-IV y cada 5 años en OLGA I-II.
Se propone una estrategia de testear y tratar la infección por H. pylori (prevención primaria) en base a estudios no invasivos en la población de 35-44 años y una estrategia combinada (serología y EDA) en población ≥45 años (prevención primaria y secundaria). Estas estrategias son potencialmente aplicables por otros países de LAC. |
Author | Pizarro Véliz, Mauricio Latorre Selvat, Gonzalo Fuentes López, Eduardo Pizarro Rojas, Margarita González Donoso, Robinson Reyes Placencia, Diego Garchitorena Marqués, María Jesús Espinoza, Manuel A. Bufadel Godoy, María Ester Araya Jofré, Raúl Corsi Sotelo, Óscar Cortés González, Pablo Crispi Galleguillos, Francisca Medel-Jara, Patricio Silva Figueroa, Verónica Rollán Rodríguez, Antonio Riquelme Pérez, Arnoldo Zegers Vial, María Trinidad |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Óscar surname: Corsi Sotelo fullname: Corsi Sotelo, Óscar organization: Departamento de Gastroenterología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile – sequence: 2 givenname: Margarita surname: Pizarro Rojas fullname: Pizarro Rojas, Margarita organization: Departamento de Gastroenterología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile – sequence: 3 givenname: Antonio surname: Rollán Rodríguez fullname: Rollán Rodríguez, Antonio organization: Unidad de Gastroenterología, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile – sequence: 4 givenname: Verónica surname: Silva Figueroa fullname: Silva Figueroa, Verónica organization: Instituto Chileno Japonés de Enfermedades Digestivas, Hospital Clínico San Borja-Arriarán, Departamento de Medicina Centro, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile – sequence: 5 givenname: Raúl surname: Araya Jofré fullname: Araya Jofré, Raúl organization: Unidad de Gastroenterología y Endoscopia, Hospital Militar de Santiago, Santiago, Chile – sequence: 6 givenname: María Ester surname: Bufadel Godoy fullname: Bufadel Godoy, María Ester organization: IntegraMédica, Clínica RedSalud Providencia, Santiago, Chile – sequence: 7 givenname: Pablo surname: Cortés González fullname: Cortés González, Pablo organization: Unidad de Gastroenterología, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile – sequence: 8 givenname: Robinson surname: González Donoso fullname: González Donoso, Robinson organization: Departamento de Gastroenterología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile – sequence: 9 givenname: Eduardo surname: Fuentes López fullname: Fuentes López, Eduardo organization: Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile – sequence: 10 givenname: Gonzalo surname: Latorre Selvat fullname: Latorre Selvat, Gonzalo organization: Departamento de Gastroenterología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile – sequence: 11 givenname: Patricio surname: Medel-Jara fullname: Medel-Jara, Patricio organization: Departamento del Adulto y Senescente, Escuela de Enfermería, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile – sequence: 12 givenname: Diego surname: Reyes Placencia fullname: Reyes Placencia, Diego organization: Departamento de Gastroenterología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile – sequence: 13 givenname: Mauricio surname: Pizarro Véliz fullname: Pizarro Véliz, Mauricio organization: Departamento de Gastroenterología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile – sequence: 14 givenname: María Jesús surname: Garchitorena Marqués fullname: Garchitorena Marqués, María Jesús organization: Departamento de Medicina Familiar, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile – sequence: 15 givenname: María Trinidad surname: Zegers Vial fullname: Zegers Vial, María Trinidad organization: Departamento de Medicina Familiar, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile – sequence: 16 givenname: Francisca surname: Crispi Galleguillos fullname: Crispi Galleguillos, Francisca organization: Escuela de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile – sequence: 17 givenname: Manuel A. surname: Espinoza fullname: Espinoza, Manuel A. organization: Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile – sequence: 18 givenname: Arnoldo surname: Riquelme Pérez fullname: Riquelme Pérez, Arnoldo email: a.riquelme.perez@gmail.com organization: Departamento de Gastroenterología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile |
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Keywords | Prevención primaria Helicobacter pylori Primary prevention Endoscopía digestiva Early detection of cancer Endoscopy Gastrointestinal Chile Detección precoz del cáncer Stomach neoplasms Cáncer gástrico |
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Title | Chilean consensus by expert panel using the Delphi technique for primary and secondary prevention of gastric cancer |
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