Inflammation in Depression and the Potential for Anti-Inflammatory Treatment
Accumulating evidence supports an association between depression and inflammatory processes, a connection that seems to be bidirectional. Clinical trials have indicated antidepressant treatment effects for anti-inflammatory agents, both as add-on treatment and as monotherapy. In particular, nonstero...
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| Published in | Current neuropharmacology Vol. 14; no. 7; pp. 732 - 742 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United Arab Emirates
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd
01.10.2016
Bentham Science Publishers |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1570-159X 1875-6190 1875-6190 |
| DOI | 10.2174/1570159x14666151208113700 |
Cover
| Abstract | Accumulating evidence supports an association between depression and
inflammatory processes, a connection that seems to be bidirectional. Clinical trials have
indicated antidepressant treatment effects for anti-inflammatory agents, both as add-on
treatment and as monotherapy. In particular, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
(NSAIDs) and cytokine-inhibitors have shown antidepressant treatment effects
compared to placebo, but also statins, poly-unsaturated fatty acids, pioglitazone,
minocycline, modafinil, and corticosteroids may yield antidepressant treatment effects.
However, the complexity of the inflammatory cascade, limited clinical evidence, and
the risk for side effects stress cautiousness before clinical application. Thus, despite
proof-of-concept studies of anti-inflammatory treatment effects in depression, important
challenges remain to be investigated. Within this paper, we review the association
between inflammation and depression together with the current evidence on use of anti-inflammatory
treatment in depression. Based on this, we address the questions and challenges that seem most important
and relevant to future studies, such as timing, most effective treatment lengths and identification of
subgroups of patients potentially responding better to different anti-inflammatory treatment regimens. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Accumulating evidence supports an association between depression and inflammatory processes, a connection that seems to be bidirectional. Clinical trials have indicated antidepressant treatment effects for anti-inflammatory agents, both as add-on treatment and as monotherapy. In particular, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and cytokine-inhibitors have shown antidepressant treatment effects compared to placebo, but also statins, poly-unsaturated fatty acids, pioglitazone, minocycline, modafinil, and corticosteroids may yield antidepressant treatment effects. However, the complexity of the inflammatory cascade, limited clinical evidence, and the risk for side effects stress cautiousness before clinical application. Thus, despite proof-of-concept studies of anti-inflammatory treatment effects in depression, important challenges remain to be investigated. Within this paper, we review the association between inflammation and depression together with the current evidence on use of anti-inflammatory treatment in depression. Based on this, we address the questions and challenges that seem most important and relevant to future studies, such as timing, most effective treatment lengths and identification of subgroups of patients potentially responding better to different anti-inflammatory treatment regimens. Accumulating evidence supports an association between depression and inflammatory processes, a connection that seems to be bidirectional. Clinical trials have indicated antidepressant treatment effects for anti-inflammatory agents, both as add-on treatment and as monotherapy. In particular, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and cytokine-inhibitors have shown antidepressant treatment effects compared to placebo, but also statins, poly-unsaturated fatty acids, pioglitazone, minocycline, modafinil, and corticosteroids may yield antidepressant treatment effects. However, the complexity of the inflammatory cascade, limited clinical evidence, and the risk for side effects stress cautiousness before clinical application. Thus, despite proof-of-concept studies of anti-inflammatory treatment effects in depression, important challenges remain to be investigated. Within this paper, we review the association between inflammation and depression together with the current evidence on use of anti-inflammatory treatment in depression. Based on this, we address the questions and challenges that seem most important and relevant to future studies, such as timing, most effective treatment lengths and identification of subgroups of patients potentially responding better to different anti-inflammatory treatment regimens. Accumulating evidence supports an association between depression and inflammatory processes, a connection that seems to be bidirectional. Clinical trials have indicated antidepressant treatment effects for anti-inflammatory agents, both as add-on treatment and as monotherapy. In particular, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and cytokine-inhibitors have shown antidepressant treatment effects compared to placebo, but also statins, poly-unsaturated fatty acids, pioglitazone, minocycline, modafinil, and corticosteroids may yield antidepressant treatment effects. However, the complexity of the inflammatory cascade, limited clinical evidence, and the risk for side effects stress cautiousness before clinical application. Thus, despite proof-of-concept studies of anti-inflammatory treatment effects in depression, important challenges remain to be investigated. Within this paper, we review the association between inflammation and depression together with the current evidence on use of anti-inflammatory treatment in depression. Based on this, we address the questions and challenges that seem most important and relevant to future studies, such as timing, most effective treatment lengths and identification of subgroups of patients potentially responding better to different anti-inflammatory treatment regimens.Accumulating evidence supports an association between depression and inflammatory processes, a connection that seems to be bidirectional. Clinical trials have indicated antidepressant treatment effects for anti-inflammatory agents, both as add-on treatment and as monotherapy. In particular, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and cytokine-inhibitors have shown antidepressant treatment effects compared to placebo, but also statins, poly-unsaturated fatty acids, pioglitazone, minocycline, modafinil, and corticosteroids may yield antidepressant treatment effects. However, the complexity of the inflammatory cascade, limited clinical evidence, and the risk for side effects stress cautiousness before clinical application. Thus, despite proof-of-concept studies of anti-inflammatory treatment effects in depression, important challenges remain to be investigated. Within this paper, we review the association between inflammation and depression together with the current evidence on use of anti-inflammatory treatment in depression. Based on this, we address the questions and challenges that seem most important and relevant to future studies, such as timing, most effective treatment lengths and identification of subgroups of patients potentially responding better to different anti-inflammatory treatment regimens. |
| Author | Ole Kohler Ole Mors Michael Eriksen Benros Jesper Krogh |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Ole surname: Kohler fullname: Kohler, Ole – sequence: 2 givenname: Jesper surname: Krogh fullname: Krogh, Jesper – sequence: 3 givenname: Ole surname: Mors fullname: Mors, Ole – sequence: 4 givenname: Michael surname: Eriksen Benros fullname: Eriksen Benros, Michael |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27640518$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Snippet | Accumulating evidence supports an association between depression and
inflammatory processes, a connection that seems to be bidirectional. Clinical trials have... Accumulating evidence supports an association between depression and inflammatory processes, a connection that seems to be bidirectional. Clinical trials have... |
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| SubjectTerms | Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology Anti-Inflammatory Agents - therapeutic use Antidepressive Agents - pharmacology Antidepressive Agents - therapeutic use Brain - drug effects Brain - immunology Depressive Disorder - drug therapy Depressive Disorder - immunology Humans Inflammation - drug therapy Inflammation - physiopathology Inflammation - psychology |
| Title | Inflammation in Depression and the Potential for Anti-Inflammatory Treatment |
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