Randomized phase II study of stereotactic body radiotherapy and interleukin-2 versus interleukin-2 in patients with metastatic melanoma
BackgroundA pilot study of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) followed by high-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) showed a higher than anticipated objective response rate (ORR) among patients with metastatic melanoma (MM). We performed a prospective randomized study to determine if the ORR of SBRT +...
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| Published in | Journal for immunotherapy of cancer Vol. 8; no. 1; p. e000773 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
England
BMJ Publishing Group Ltd
01.05.2020
BMJ Publishing Group LTD BMJ Publishing Group |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 2051-1426 2051-1426 |
| DOI | 10.1136/jitc-2020-000773 |
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| Abstract | BackgroundA pilot study of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) followed by high-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) showed a higher than anticipated objective response rate (ORR) among patients with metastatic melanoma (MM). We performed a prospective randomized study to determine if the ORR of SBRT + IL-2 was greater than IL-2 monotherapy in patients with advanced melanoma.MethodsPatients with MM who had adequate physiological reserve for IL-2 and at least one site suitable for SBRT were eligible. There was a 1:1 randomization to SBRT + IL-2 or IL-2 monotherapy. Patients received one or two doses of SBRT (20 Gy per fraction) with the last dose administered 3 days before starting the first cycle of IL-2. IL-2 (600,000 IU per kg via intravenous bolus infusion) was given every 8 hours for a maximum of 14 doses with a second cycle after a 2-week rest. Responding patients received up to six IL-2 cycles. Patients assigned to IL-2 monotherapy who exhibited progression of melanoma after cycle 2 were allowed to crossover and receive SBRT and additional IL-2. Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors 1.1 criteria were applied to non-irradiated lesions for response assessment.Results44 patients were included in the analysis. The ORR in the SBRT + IL-2 group was 54%: 21% complete response (CR), 33% partial response (PR), 21% stable disease (SD) and 25% progressive disease (PD). The ORR in patients receiving IL-2 monotherapy was 35%: 15% CR, 20% PR, 25% SD and 40% PD. Seven patients assigned to IL-2 subsequently received SBRT + IL-2. One CR and two PRs were observed in the crossover group. There was no difference in progression-free or overall survival (OS). At 5 years the OS was 26% in the SBRT + IL-2 group and 25% in the IL-2 monotherapy group. The disease control rate (DCR) was higher in the SBRT + IL-2 group (75% vs 60%, p=0.34).ConclusionsSBRT + IL-2 induced more objective responses with a higher DCR compared to IL-2 monotherapy in MM. IL-2 monotherapy resulted in a significantly higher ORR than anticipated. Some patients in the crossover group also achieved objective responses.Trial registration number NCT01416831. |
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| AbstractList | A pilot study of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) followed by high-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) showed a higher than anticipated objective response rate (ORR) among patients with metastatic melanoma (MM). We performed a prospective randomized study to determine if the ORR of SBRT + IL-2 was greater than IL-2 monotherapy in patients with advanced melanoma.BACKGROUNDA pilot study of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) followed by high-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) showed a higher than anticipated objective response rate (ORR) among patients with metastatic melanoma (MM). We performed a prospective randomized study to determine if the ORR of SBRT + IL-2 was greater than IL-2 monotherapy in patients with advanced melanoma.Patients with MM who had adequate physiological reserve for IL-2 and at least one site suitable for SBRT were eligible. There was a 1:1 randomization to SBRT + IL-2 or IL-2 monotherapy. Patients received one or two doses of SBRT (20 Gy per fraction) with the last dose administered 3 days before starting the first cycle of IL-2. IL-2 (600,000 IU per kg via intravenous bolus infusion) was given every 8 hours for a maximum of 14 doses with a second cycle after a 2-week rest. Responding patients received up to six IL-2 cycles. Patients assigned to IL-2 monotherapy who exhibited progression of melanoma after cycle 2 were allowed to crossover and receive SBRT and additional IL-2. Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors 1.1 criteria were applied to non-irradiated lesions for response assessment.METHODSPatients with MM who had adequate physiological reserve for IL-2 and at least one site suitable for SBRT were eligible. There was a 1:1 randomization to SBRT + IL-2 or IL-2 monotherapy. Patients received one or two doses of SBRT (20 Gy per fraction) with the last dose administered 3 days before starting the first cycle of IL-2. IL-2 (600,000 IU per kg via intravenous bolus infusion) was given every 8 hours for a maximum of 14 doses with a second cycle after a 2-week rest. Responding patients received up to six IL-2 cycles. Patients assigned to IL-2 monotherapy who exhibited progression of melanoma after cycle 2 were allowed to crossover and receive SBRT and additional IL-2. Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors 1.1 criteria were applied to non-irradiated lesions for response assessment.44 patients were included in the analysis. The ORR in the SBRT + IL-2 group was 54%: 21% complete response (CR), 33% partial response (PR), 21% stable disease (SD) and 25% progressive disease (PD). The ORR in patients receiving IL-2 monotherapy was 35%: 15% CR, 20% PR, 25% SD and 40% PD. Seven patients assigned to IL-2 subsequently received SBRT + IL-2. One CR and two PRs were observed in the crossover group. There was no difference in progression-free or overall survival (OS). At 5 years the OS was 26% in the SBRT + IL-2 group and 25% in the IL-2 monotherapy group. The disease control rate (DCR) was higher in the SBRT + IL-2 group (75% vs 60%, p=0.34).RESULTS44 patients were included in the analysis. The ORR in the SBRT + IL-2 group was 54%: 21% complete response (CR), 33% partial response (PR), 21% stable disease (SD) and 25% progressive disease (PD). The ORR in patients receiving IL-2 monotherapy was 35%: 15% CR, 20% PR, 25% SD and 40% PD. Seven patients assigned to IL-2 subsequently received SBRT + IL-2. One CR and two PRs were observed in the crossover group. There was no difference in progression-free or overall survival (OS). At 5 years the OS was 26% in the SBRT + IL-2 group and 25% in the IL-2 monotherapy group. The disease control rate (DCR) was higher in the SBRT + IL-2 group (75% vs 60%, p=0.34).SBRT + IL-2 induced more objective responses with a higher DCR compared to IL-2 monotherapy in MM. IL-2 monotherapy resulted in a significantly higher ORR than anticipated. Some patients in the crossover group also achieved objective responses.CONCLUSIONSSBRT + IL-2 induced more objective responses with a higher DCR compared to IL-2 monotherapy in MM. IL-2 monotherapy resulted in a significantly higher ORR than anticipated. Some patients in the crossover group also achieved objective responses.NCT01416831.TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERNCT01416831. BackgroundA pilot study of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) followed by high-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) showed a higher than anticipated objective response rate (ORR) among patients with metastatic melanoma (MM). We performed a prospective randomized study to determine if the ORR of SBRT + IL-2 was greater than IL-2 monotherapy in patients with advanced melanoma.MethodsPatients with MM who had adequate physiological reserve for IL-2 and at least one site suitable for SBRT were eligible. There was a 1:1 randomization to SBRT + IL-2 or IL-2 monotherapy. Patients received one or two doses of SBRT (20 Gy per fraction) with the last dose administered 3 days before starting the first cycle of IL-2. IL-2 (600,000 IU per kg via intravenous bolus infusion) was given every 8 hours for a maximum of 14 doses with a second cycle after a 2-week rest. Responding patients received up to six IL-2 cycles. Patients assigned to IL-2 monotherapy who exhibited progression of melanoma after cycle 2 were allowed to crossover and receive SBRT and additional IL-2. Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors 1.1 criteria were applied to non-irradiated lesions for response assessment.Results44 patients were included in the analysis. The ORR in the SBRT + IL-2 group was 54%: 21% complete response (CR), 33% partial response (PR), 21% stable disease (SD) and 25% progressive disease (PD). The ORR in patients receiving IL-2 monotherapy was 35%: 15% CR, 20% PR, 25% SD and 40% PD. Seven patients assigned to IL-2 subsequently received SBRT + IL-2. One CR and two PRs were observed in the crossover group. There was no difference in progression-free or overall survival (OS). At 5 years the OS was 26% in the SBRT + IL-2 group and 25% in the IL-2 monotherapy group. The disease control rate (DCR) was higher in the SBRT + IL-2 group (75% vs 60%, p=0.34).ConclusionsSBRT + IL-2 induced more objective responses with a higher DCR compared to IL-2 monotherapy in MM. IL-2 monotherapy resulted in a significantly higher ORR than anticipated. Some patients in the crossover group also achieved objective responses.Trial registration number NCT01416831. Background A pilot study of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) followed by high-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) showed a higher than anticipated objective response rate (ORR) among patients with metastatic melanoma (MM). We performed a prospective randomized study to determine if the ORR of SBRT + IL-2 was greater than IL-2 monotherapy in patients with advanced melanoma.Methods Patients with MM who had adequate physiological reserve for IL-2 and at least one site suitable for SBRT were eligible. There was a 1:1 randomization to SBRT + IL-2 or IL-2 monotherapy. Patients received one or two doses of SBRT (20 Gy per fraction) with the last dose administered 3 days before starting the first cycle of IL-2. IL-2 (600,000 IU per kg via intravenous bolus infusion) was given every 8 hours for a maximum of 14 doses with a second cycle after a 2-week rest. Responding patients received up to six IL-2 cycles. Patients assigned to IL-2 monotherapy who exhibited progression of melanoma after cycle 2 were allowed to crossover and receive SBRT and additional IL-2. Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors 1.1 criteria were applied to non-irradiated lesions for response assessment.Results 44 patients were included in the analysis. The ORR in the SBRT + IL-2 group was 54%: 21% complete response (CR), 33% partial response (PR), 21% stable disease (SD) and 25% progressive disease (PD). The ORR in patients receiving IL-2 monotherapy was 35%: 15% CR, 20% PR, 25% SD and 40% PD. Seven patients assigned to IL-2 subsequently received SBRT + IL-2. One CR and two PRs were observed in the crossover group. There was no difference in progression-free or overall survival (OS). At 5 years the OS was 26% in the SBRT + IL-2 group and 25% in the IL-2 monotherapy group. The disease control rate (DCR) was higher in the SBRT + IL-2 group (75% vs 60%, p=0.34).Conclusions SBRT + IL-2 induced more objective responses with a higher DCR compared to IL-2 monotherapy in MM. IL-2 monotherapy resulted in a significantly higher ORR than anticipated. Some patients in the crossover group also achieved objective responses.Trial registration number NCT01416831. BackgroundA pilot study of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) followed by high-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) showed a higher than anticipated objective response rate (ORR) among patients with metastatic melanoma (MM). We performed a prospective randomized study to determine if the ORR of SBRT + IL-2 was greater than IL-2 monotherapy in patients with advanced melanoma.MethodsPatients with MM who had adequate physiological reserve for IL-2 and at least one site suitable for SBRT were eligible. There was a 1:1 randomization to SBRT + IL-2 or IL-2 monotherapy. Patients received one or two doses of SBRT (20 Gy per fraction) with the last dose administered 3 days before starting the first cycle of IL-2. IL-2 (600,000 IU per kg via intravenous bolus infusion) was given every 8 hours for a maximum of 14 doses with a second cycle after a 2-week rest. Responding patients received up to six IL-2 cycles. Patients assigned to IL-2 monotherapy who exhibited progression of melanoma after cycle 2 were allowed to crossover and receive SBRT and additional IL-2. Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors 1.1 criteria were applied to non-irradiated lesions for response assessment.Results44 patients were included in the analysis. The ORR in the SBRT + IL-2 group was 54%: 21% complete response (CR), 33% partial response (PR), 21% stable disease (SD) and 25% progressive disease (PD). The ORR in patients receiving IL-2 monotherapy was 35%: 15% CR, 20% PR, 25% SD and 40% PD. Seven patients assigned to IL-2 subsequently received SBRT + IL-2. One CR and two PRs were observed in the crossover group. There was no difference in progression-free or overall survival (OS). At 5 years the OS was 26% in the SBRT + IL-2 group and 25% in the IL-2 monotherapy group. The disease control rate (DCR) was higher in the SBRT + IL-2 group (75% vs 60%, p=0.34).ConclusionsSBRT + IL-2 induced more objective responses with a higher DCR compared to IL-2 monotherapy in MM. IL-2 monotherapy resulted in a significantly higher ORR than anticipated. Some patients in the crossover group also achieved objective responses.Trial registration numberNCT01416831. A pilot study of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) followed by high-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) showed a higher than anticipated objective response rate (ORR) among patients with metastatic melanoma (MM). We performed a prospective randomized study to determine if the ORR of SBRT + IL-2 was greater than IL-2 monotherapy in patients with advanced melanoma. Patients with MM who had adequate physiological reserve for IL-2 and at least one site suitable for SBRT were eligible. There was a 1:1 randomization to SBRT + IL-2 or IL-2 monotherapy. Patients received one or two doses of SBRT (20 Gy per fraction) with the last dose administered 3 days before starting the first cycle of IL-2. IL-2 (600,000 IU per kg via intravenous bolus infusion) was given every 8 hours for a maximum of 14 doses with a second cycle after a 2-week rest. Responding patients received up to six IL-2 cycles. Patients assigned to IL-2 monotherapy who exhibited progression of melanoma after cycle 2 were allowed to crossover and receive SBRT and additional IL-2. Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors 1.1 criteria were applied to non-irradiated lesions for response assessment. 44 patients were included in the analysis. The ORR in the SBRT + IL-2 group was 54%: 21% complete response (CR), 33% partial response (PR), 21% stable disease (SD) and 25% progressive disease (PD). The ORR in patients receiving IL-2 monotherapy was 35%: 15% CR, 20% PR, 25% SD and 40% PD. Seven patients assigned to IL-2 subsequently received SBRT + IL-2. One CR and two PRs were observed in the crossover group. There was no difference in progression-free or overall survival (OS). At 5 years the OS was 26% in the SBRT + IL-2 group and 25% in the IL-2 monotherapy group. The disease control rate (DCR) was higher in the SBRT + IL-2 group (75% vs 60%, p=0.34). SBRT + IL-2 induced more objective responses with a higher DCR compared to IL-2 monotherapy in MM. IL-2 monotherapy resulted in a significantly higher ORR than anticipated. Some patients in the crossover group also achieved objective responses. NCT01416831. |
| Author | Fleser, Jessica Fountain, Christopher B Chang, ShuChing Dobrunick, Lyn B Phillips, Kimberly Curti, Brendan Payne, Roxanne Urba, Walter J Malkasian, Ian Crittenden, Marka Seung, Steven K |
| AuthorAffiliation | 4 Medical Data Research Center , Providence St Joseph Health , Portland , Oregon , USA 2 Division of Radiation Oncology , The Oregon Clinic , Portland , Oregon , USA 3 Providence Cancer Institute , Providence Portland Medical Center , Portland , Oregon , USA 1 Providence Cancer Institute, Earle A Chiles Research Institute , Providence Portland Medical Center , Portland , Oregon , USA |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Providence Cancer Institute, Earle A Chiles Research Institute , Providence Portland Medical Center , Portland , Oregon , USA – name: 2 Division of Radiation Oncology , The Oregon Clinic , Portland , Oregon , USA – name: 4 Medical Data Research Center , Providence St Joseph Health , Portland , Oregon , USA – name: 3 Providence Cancer Institute , Providence Portland Medical Center , Portland , Oregon , USA |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Brendan orcidid: 0000-0003-3948-2708 surname: Curti fullname: Curti, Brendan email: brendan.curti@providence.org organization: Providence Cancer Institute, Earle A Chiles Research Institute, Providence Portland Medical Center, Portland, Oregon, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Marka surname: Crittenden fullname: Crittenden, Marka organization: Division of Radiation Oncology, The Oregon Clinic, Portland, Oregon, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Steven K surname: Seung fullname: Seung, Steven K organization: Division of Radiation Oncology, The Oregon Clinic, Portland, Oregon, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Christopher B surname: Fountain fullname: Fountain, Christopher B organization: Providence Cancer Institute, Providence Portland Medical Center, Portland, Oregon, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: Roxanne surname: Payne fullname: Payne, Roxanne organization: Providence Cancer Institute, Providence Portland Medical Center, Portland, Oregon, USA – sequence: 6 givenname: ShuChing surname: Chang fullname: Chang, ShuChing organization: Medical Data Research Center, Providence St Joseph Health, Portland, Oregon, USA – sequence: 7 givenname: Jessica surname: Fleser fullname: Fleser, Jessica organization: Providence Cancer Institute, Providence Portland Medical Center, Portland, Oregon, USA – sequence: 8 givenname: Kimberly surname: Phillips fullname: Phillips, Kimberly organization: Providence Cancer Institute, Providence Portland Medical Center, Portland, Oregon, USA – sequence: 9 givenname: Ian surname: Malkasian fullname: Malkasian, Ian organization: Providence Cancer Institute, Providence Portland Medical Center, Portland, Oregon, USA – sequence: 10 givenname: Lyn B surname: Dobrunick fullname: Dobrunick, Lyn B organization: Providence Cancer Institute, Providence Portland Medical Center, Portland, Oregon, USA – sequence: 11 givenname: Walter J surname: Urba fullname: Urba, Walter J organization: Providence Cancer Institute, Earle A Chiles Research Institute, Providence Portland Medical Center, Portland, Oregon, USA |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32467299$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Copyright | Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ. 2020 Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported (CC BY 4.0) license, which permits others to copy, redistribute, remix, transform and build upon this work for any purpose, provided the original work is properly cited, a link to the licence is given, and indication of whether changes were made. See https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ . Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ. 2020 |
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| Keywords | radiotherapy clinical trials, phase II as topic melanoma |
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| PublicationTitle | Journal for immunotherapy of cancer |
| PublicationTitleAbbrev | J Immunother Cancer |
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volume: 28 start-page: 1631 year: 2017 article-title: Dabrafenib plus trametinib versus dabrafenib monotherapy in patients with metastatic BRAF V600E/K-mutant melanoma: long-term survival and safety analysis of a phase 3 study publication-title: Ann Oncol doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdx176 – volume: 313 start-page: 1485 year: 1985 article-title: Observations on the systemic administration of autologous lymphokine-activated killer cells and recombinant interleukin-2 to patients with metastatic cancer publication-title: N Engl J Med doi: 10.1056/NEJM198512053132327 – volume: 92 start-page: 205 year: 2000 article-title: New guidelines to evaluate the response to treatment in solid tumors. European organization for research and treatment of cancer, National cancer Institute of the United States, National cancer Institute of Canada publication-title: J Natl Cancer Inst doi: 10.1093/jnci/92.3.205 – volume: 377 start-page: 1345 year: 2017 article-title: Overall survival with combined nivolumab and ipilimumab in advanced melanoma publication-title: N Engl J Med doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1709684 – volume: 133 start-page: 321 year: 1993 article-title: Induction of the expression of the interleukin-1 beta gene in mouse spleen by ionizing radiation publication-title: Radiat Res doi: 10.2307/3578216 – volume: 372 start-page: 320 year: 2015 article-title: Nivolumab in previously untreated melanoma without BRAF mutation publication-title: N Engl J Med doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1412082 – volume: 204 start-page: 49 year: 2007 article-title: Induced sensitization of tumor stroma leads to eradication of established cancer by T cells publication-title: J Exp Med doi: 10.1084/jem.20062056 – volume: 41 start-page: 843 year: 2014 article-title: Sting-Dependent cytosolic DNA sensing promotes radiation-induced type I interferon-dependent antitumor immunity in immunogenic tumors publication-title: Immunity doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2014.10.019 – volume: 203 start-page: 1259 year: 2006 article-title: Radiation modulates the peptide repertoire, enhances MHC class I expression, and induces successful antitumor immunotherapy publication-title: J Exp Med doi: 10.1084/jem.20052494 – ident: 2021062404450667000_8.1.e000773.21 doi: 10.1186/2051-1426-2-13 – ident: 2021062404450667000_8.1.e000773.5 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1709684 – ident: 2021062404450667000_8.1.e000773.2 doi: 10.1200/JCO.1999.17.7.2105 – volume: 67 start-page: 1833 year: 2018 ident: 2021062404450667000_8.1.e000773.9 article-title: Management of metastatic melanoma: improved survival in a national cohort following the approvals of checkpoint blockade immunotherapies and targeted therapies publication-title: Cancer Immunol Immunother doi: 10.1007/s00262-018-2241-x – ident: 2021062404450667000_8.1.e000773.28 doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-16-0325 – ident: 2021062404450667000_8.1.e000773.1 doi: 10.1056/NEJM198512053132327 – volume: 30 start-page: 582 year: 2019 ident: 2021062404450667000_8.1.e000773.7 article-title: Five-Year survival outcomes for patients with advanced melanoma treated with pembrolizumab in KEYNOTE-001 publication-title: Ann Oncol doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdz011 – ident: 2021062404450667000_8.1.e000773.25 doi: 10.1007/s00262-016-1910-x – ident: 2021062404450667000_8.1.e000773.26 doi: 10.1186/s40425-017-0279-5 – ident: 2021062404450667000_8.1.e000773.27 doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.04.014 – volume: 28 start-page: 1631 year: 2017 ident: 2021062404450667000_8.1.e000773.6 article-title: Dabrafenib plus trametinib versus dabrafenib monotherapy in patients with metastatic BRAF V600E/K-mutant melanoma: long-term survival and safety analysis of a phase 3 study publication-title: Ann Oncol doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdx176 – ident: 2021062404450667000_8.1.e000773.10 doi: 10.2307/3578216 – ident: 2021062404450667000_8.1.e000773.15 doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.170.12.6338 – ident: 2021062404450667000_8.1.e000773.18 doi: 10.1084/jem.20062056 – ident: 2021062404450667000_8.1.e000773.3 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1003466 – ident: 2021062404450667000_8.1.e000773.20 doi: 10.1097/00002371-200107000-00004 – ident: 2021062404450667000_8.1.e000773.13 doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2000.01967.x – volume: 381 start-page: 626 year: 2019 ident: 2021062404450667000_8.1.e000773.8 article-title: Five-Year outcomes with dabrafenib plus trametinib in metastatic melanoma publication-title: N Engl J Med doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1904059 – ident: 2021062404450667000_8.1.e000773.17 doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.174.12.7516 – ident: 2021062404450667000_8.1.e000773.11 doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.24.10104 – ident: 2021062404450667000_8.1.e000773.4 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1412082 – ident: 2021062404450667000_8.1.e000773.16 doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2014.10.019 – ident: 2021062404450667000_8.1.e000773.12 doi: 10.1084/jem.20052494 – volume: 4 start-page: 137 year: 2012 ident: 2021062404450667000_8.1.e000773.24 article-title: Phase 1 study of stereotactic body radiotherapy and interleukin-2--tumor and immunological responses publication-title: Sci Transl Med doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3003649 – ident: 2021062404450667000_8.1.e000773.22 doi: 10.1093/jnci/92.3.205 – volume: 6 Suppl 1 start-page: S11 year: 2000 ident: 2021062404450667000_8.1.e000773.23 article-title: High-Dose recombinant interleukin-2 therapy in patients with metastatic melanoma: long-term survival update publication-title: Cancer J Sci Am – ident: 2021062404450667000_8.1.e000773.19 doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2003.09.012 – ident: 2021062404450667000_8.1.e000773.14 doi: 10.1073/pnas.94.11.5750 |
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| Snippet | BackgroundA pilot study of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) followed by high-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) showed a higher than anticipated objective... A pilot study of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) followed by high-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) showed a higher than anticipated objective response rate... Background A pilot study of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) followed by high-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) showed a higher than anticipated objective... |
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| StartPage | e000773 |
| SubjectTerms | Cancer clinical trials, phase II as topic Clinical/Translational Cancer Immunotherapy Consent Cytokines Dehydrogenases Immunotherapy Melanoma Metastasis Patients Planning Radiation therapy radiotherapy Uric acid |
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| Title | Randomized phase II study of stereotactic body radiotherapy and interleukin-2 versus interleukin-2 in patients with metastatic melanoma |
| URI | https://jitc.bmj.com/content/8/1/e000773.full https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32467299 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2552990808 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2408195871 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC7259841 https://doaj.org/article/72a1471a8e22419ca13b3f3faa4d22e6 |
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