Dysbiosis of the faecal microbiota in patients with Crohn's disease and their unaffected relatives
Background and aimsA general dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota has been established in patients with Crohn's disease (CD), but a systematic characterisation of this dysbiosis is lacking. Therefore the composition of the predominant faecal microbiota of patients with CD was studied in compa...
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| Published in | Gut Vol. 60; no. 5; pp. 631 - 637 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
London
BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Society of Gastroenterology
01.05.2011
BMJ Publishing Group BMJ Publishing Group LTD |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0017-5749 1468-3288 1468-3288 |
| DOI | 10.1136/gut.2010.223263 |
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| Abstract | Background and aimsA general dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota has been established in patients with Crohn's disease (CD), but a systematic characterisation of this dysbiosis is lacking. Therefore the composition of the predominant faecal microbiota of patients with CD was studied in comparison with the predominant composition in unaffected controls. Whether dysbiosis is present in relatives of patients CD was also examined.MethodsFocusing on families with at least three members affected with CD, faecal samples of 68 patients with CD, 84 of their unaffected relatives and 55 matched controls were subjected to community fingerprinting of the predominant microbiota using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). To analyse the DGGE profiles, BioNumerics software and non-parametric statistical analyses (SPSS V.17.0) were used. Observed differences in the predominant microbiota were subsequently confirmed and quantified with real-time PCR.ResultsFive bacterial species characterised dysbiosis in CD, namely a decrease in Dialister invisus (p=0.04), an uncharacterised species of Clostridium cluster XIVa (p=0.03), Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (p<1.3×10−5) and Bifidobacterium adolescentis (p=5.4×10−6), and an increase in Ruminococcus gnavus (p=2.1×10−7). Unaffected relatives of patients with CD had less Collinsella aerofaciens (p=0.004) and a member of the Escherichia coli–Shigella group (p=0.01) and more Ruminococcus torques (p=0.02) in their predominant microbiota as compared with healthy subjects.ConclusionUnaffected relatives of patients with CD have a different composition of their microbiota compared with healthy controls. This dysbiosis is not characterised by lack of butyrate producing-bacteria as observed in CD but suggests a role for microorganisms with mucin degradation capacity. |
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| AbstractList | Background and aimsA general dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota has been established in patients with Crohn's disease (CD), but a systematic characterisation of this dysbiosis is lacking. Therefore the composition of the predominant faecal microbiota of patients with CD was studied in comparison with the predominant composition in unaffected controls. Whether dysbiosis is present in relatives of patients CD was also examined.MethodsFocusing on families with at least three members affected with CD, faecal samples of 68 patients with CD, 84 of their unaffected relatives and 55 matched controls were subjected to community fingerprinting of the predominant microbiota using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). To analyse the DGGE profiles, BioNumerics software and non-parametric statistical analyses (SPSS V.17.0) were used. Observed differences in the predominant microbiota were subsequently confirmed and quantified with real-time PCR.ResultsFive bacterial species characterised dysbiosis in CD, namely a decrease in Dialister invisus (p=0.04), an uncharacterised species of Clostridium cluster XIVa (p=0.03), Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (p<1.3×10−5) and Bifidobacterium adolescentis (p=5.4×10−6), and an increase in Ruminococcus gnavus (p=2.1×10−7). Unaffected relatives of patients with CD had less Collinsella aerofaciens (p=0.004) and a member of the Escherichia coli–Shigella group (p=0.01) and more Ruminococcus torques (p=0.02) in their predominant microbiota as compared with healthy subjects.ConclusionUnaffected relatives of patients with CD have a different composition of their microbiota compared with healthy controls. This dysbiosis is not characterised by lack of butyrate producing-bacteria as observed in CD but suggests a role for microorganisms with mucin degradation capacity. A general dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota has been established in patients with Crohn's disease (CD), but a systematic characterisation of this dysbiosis is lacking. Therefore the composition of the predominant faecal microbiota of patients with CD was studied in comparison with the predominant composition in unaffected controls. Whether dysbiosis is present in relatives of patients CD was also examined.BACKGROUND AND AIMSA general dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota has been established in patients with Crohn's disease (CD), but a systematic characterisation of this dysbiosis is lacking. Therefore the composition of the predominant faecal microbiota of patients with CD was studied in comparison with the predominant composition in unaffected controls. Whether dysbiosis is present in relatives of patients CD was also examined.Focusing on families with at least three members affected with CD, faecal samples of 68 patients with CD, 84 of their unaffected relatives and 55 matched controls were subjected to community fingerprinting of the predominant microbiota using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). To analyse the DGGE profiles, BioNumerics software and non-parametric statistical analyses (SPSS V.17.0) were used. Observed differences in the predominant microbiota were subsequently confirmed and quantified with real-time PCR.METHODSFocusing on families with at least three members affected with CD, faecal samples of 68 patients with CD, 84 of their unaffected relatives and 55 matched controls were subjected to community fingerprinting of the predominant microbiota using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). To analyse the DGGE profiles, BioNumerics software and non-parametric statistical analyses (SPSS V.17.0) were used. Observed differences in the predominant microbiota were subsequently confirmed and quantified with real-time PCR.Five bacterial species characterised dysbiosis in CD, namely a decrease in Dialister invisus (p=0.04), an uncharacterised species of Clostridium cluster XIVa (p = 0.03), Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (p < 1.3 × 10⁻⁵) and Bifidobacterium adolescentis (p = 5.4 × 10⁻⁶), and an increase in Ruminococcus gnavus (p = 2.1 × 10⁻⁷). Unaffected relatives of patients with CD had less Collinsella aerofaciens (p = 0.004) and a member of the Escherichia coli-Shigella group (p = 0.01) and more Ruminococcus torques (p = 0.02) in their predominant microbiota as compared with healthy subjects.RESULTSFive bacterial species characterised dysbiosis in CD, namely a decrease in Dialister invisus (p=0.04), an uncharacterised species of Clostridium cluster XIVa (p = 0.03), Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (p < 1.3 × 10⁻⁵) and Bifidobacterium adolescentis (p = 5.4 × 10⁻⁶), and an increase in Ruminococcus gnavus (p = 2.1 × 10⁻⁷). Unaffected relatives of patients with CD had less Collinsella aerofaciens (p = 0.004) and a member of the Escherichia coli-Shigella group (p = 0.01) and more Ruminococcus torques (p = 0.02) in their predominant microbiota as compared with healthy subjects.Unaffected relatives of patients with CD have a different composition of their microbiota compared with healthy controls. This dysbiosis is not characterised by lack of butyrate producing-bacteria as observed in CD but suggests a role for microorganisms with mucin degradation capacity.CONCLUSIONUnaffected relatives of patients with CD have a different composition of their microbiota compared with healthy controls. This dysbiosis is not characterised by lack of butyrate producing-bacteria as observed in CD but suggests a role for microorganisms with mucin degradation capacity. BACKGROUND AND AIMS: A general dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota has been established in patients with Crohn's disease (CD), but a systematic characterisation of this dysbiosis is lacking. Therefore the composition of the predominant faecal microbiota of patients with CD was studied in comparison with the predominant composition in unaffected controls. Whether dysbiosis is present in relatives of patients CD was also examined. METHODS: Focusing on families with at least three members affected with CD, faecal samples of 68 patients with CD, 84 of their unaffected relatives and 55 matched controls were subjected to community fingerprinting of the predominant microbiota using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). To analyse the DGGE profiles, BioNumerics software and non-parametric statistical analyses (SPSS V.17.0) were used. Observed differences in the predominant microbiota were subsequently confirmed and quantified with real-time PCR. RESULTS: Five bacterial species characterised dysbiosis in CD, namely a decrease in Dialister invisus (p=0.04), an uncharacterised species of Clostridium cluster XIVa (p=0.03), Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (p<1.3x10-5) and Bifidobacterium adolescentis (p=5.4x10-6), and an increase in Ruminococcus gnavus (p=2.1x10-7). Unaffected relatives of patients with CD had less Collinsella aerofaciens (p=0.004) and a member of the Escherichia coli-Shigella group (p=0.01) and more Ruminococcus torques (p=0.02) in their predominant microbiota as compared with healthy subjects. CONCLUSION: Unaffected relatives of patients with CD have a different composition of their microbiota compared with healthy controls. This dysbiosis is not characterised by lack of butyrate producing-bacteria as observed in CD but suggests a role for microorganisms with mucin degradation capacity. Background and aims A general dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota has been established in patients with Crohn's disease (CD), but a systematic characterisation of this dysbiosis is lacking. Therefore the composition of the predominant faecal microbiota of patients with CD was studied in comparison with the predominant composition in unaffected controls. Whether dysbiosis is present in relatives of patients CD was also examined. Methods Focusing on families with at least three members affected with CD, faecal samples of 68 patients with CD, 84 of their unaffected relatives and 55 matched controls were subjected to community fingerprinting of the predominant microbiota using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). To analyse the DGGE profiles, BioNumerics software and non-parametric statistical analyses (SPSS V.17.0) were used. Observed differences in the predominant microbiota were subsequently confirmed and quantified with real-time PCR. Results Five bacterial species characterised dysbiosis in CD, namely a decrease in Dialister invisus (p=0.04), an uncharacterised species of Clostridium cluster XIVa (p=0.03), Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (p<1.3×10−5) and Bifidobacterium adolescentis (p=5.4×10−6), and an increase in Ruminococcus gnavus (p=2.1×10−7). Unaffected relatives of patients with CD had less Collinsella aerofaciens (p=0.004) and a member of the Escherichia coli–Shigella group (p=0.01) and more Ruminococcus torques (p=0.02) in their predominant microbiota as compared with healthy subjects. Conclusion Unaffected relatives of patients with CD have a different composition of their microbiota compared with healthy controls. This dysbiosis is not characterised by lack of butyrate producing-bacteria as observed in CD but suggests a role for microorganisms with mucin degradation capacity. A general dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota has been established in patients with Crohn's disease (CD), but a systematic characterisation of this dysbiosis is lacking. Therefore the composition of the predominant faecal microbiota of patients with CD was studied in comparison with the predominant composition in unaffected controls. Whether dysbiosis is present in relatives of patients CD was also examined. Focusing on families with at least three members affected with CD, faecal samples of 68 patients with CD, 84 of their unaffected relatives and 55 matched controls were subjected to community fingerprinting of the predominant microbiota using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). To analyse the DGGE profiles, BioNumerics software and non-parametric statistical analyses (SPSS V.17.0) were used. Observed differences in the predominant microbiota were subsequently confirmed and quantified with real-time PCR. Five bacterial species characterised dysbiosis in CD, namely a decrease in Dialister invisus (p=0.04), an uncharacterised species of Clostridium cluster XIVa (p = 0.03), Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (p < 1.3 × 10⁻⁵) and Bifidobacterium adolescentis (p = 5.4 × 10⁻⁶), and an increase in Ruminococcus gnavus (p = 2.1 × 10⁻⁷). Unaffected relatives of patients with CD had less Collinsella aerofaciens (p = 0.004) and a member of the Escherichia coli-Shigella group (p = 0.01) and more Ruminococcus torques (p = 0.02) in their predominant microbiota as compared with healthy subjects. Unaffected relatives of patients with CD have a different composition of their microbiota compared with healthy controls. This dysbiosis is not characterised by lack of butyrate producing-bacteria as observed in CD but suggests a role for microorganisms with mucin degradation capacity. |
| Author | Verbeke, Kristin Vermeire, Severine De Preter, Vicky Cnockaert, Margo Joossens, Marie Vandamme, Peter Huys, Geert Rutgeerts, Paul |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Marie surname: Joossens fullname: Joossens, Marie organization: Department of Gastroenterology, Gastroenterology and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Centre (LFoRCe), University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium – sequence: 2 givenname: Geert surname: Huys fullname: Huys, Geert organization: BCCM/LMG Bacteria Collection, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium – sequence: 3 givenname: Margo surname: Cnockaert fullname: Cnockaert, Margo organization: Laboratory of Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium – sequence: 4 givenname: Vicky surname: De Preter fullname: De Preter, Vicky organization: Department of Gastroenterology, Gastroenterology and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Centre (LFoRCe), University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium – sequence: 5 givenname: Kristin surname: Verbeke fullname: Verbeke, Kristin organization: Department of Gastroenterology, Gastroenterology and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Centre (LFoRCe), University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium – sequence: 6 givenname: Paul surname: Rutgeerts fullname: Rutgeerts, Paul organization: Department of Gastroenterology, Gastroenterology and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Centre (LFoRCe), University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium – sequence: 7 givenname: Peter surname: Vandamme fullname: Vandamme, Peter organization: Laboratory of Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium – sequence: 8 givenname: Severine surname: Vermeire fullname: Vermeire, Severine email: severine.vermeire@uz.kuleuven.ac.be organization: Department of Gastroenterology, Gastroenterology and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Centre (LFoRCe), University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium |
| BackLink | http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=24066568$$DView record in Pascal Francis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21209126$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Keywords | Human Crohn disease Gastroenterology Digestive diseases Intestinal disease Feces Inflammatory disease |
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publication-title: Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis – volume: 49 start-page: 119 year: 1983 article-title: The resident fecal flora is determined by genetic-characteristics of the host—implications for Crohn's disease publication-title: Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek – volume: 134 start-page: 577 year: 2008 article-title: Microbial influences in inflammatory bowel diseases publication-title: Gastroenterology – volume: 20 start-page: 18 year: 2004 article-title: Review article: gut flora and inflammatory bowel disease publication-title: Aliment Pharmacol Ther – volume: 11 start-page: 360 year: 2005 article-title: Environmental factors in familial Crohn's disease in Belgium publication-title: Inflamm Bowel Dis – volume: 49 start-page: 557 year: 1999 article-title: Phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence for the transfer of Eubacterium aerofaciens to the genus Collinsella as Collinsella aerofaciens gen. nov., comb. nov publication-title: Int J Syst Bacteriol – volume: 53 start-page: 987 year: 2004 article-title: Deficient host–bacteria interactions in inflammatory bowel disease? The toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 Asp299gly polymorphism is associated with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis publication-title: Gut – volume: 10 start-page: 824 year: 2004 article-title: Ribosomal DNA sequence analysis of mucosa-associated bacteria in Crohn's disease publication-title: Inflamm Bowel Dis – volume: 338 start-page: 771 year: 1991 article-title: Effect of fecal stream diversion on recurrence of Crohns-disease in the neoterminal ileum publication-title: Lancet – volume: 15 start-page: 1183 year: 2009 article-title: Low counts of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in colitis microbiota publication-title: Inflamm Bowel Dis – volume: 186 start-page: 2099 year: 2004 article-title: Restricted distribution of the butyrate kinase pathway among butyrate-producing bacteria from the human colon publication-title: J Bacteriol – volume: 18 start-page: 525 year: 2004 article-title: IBD: a family affair publication-title: Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol – volume: 114 start-page: 262 year: 1998 article-title: Early lesions of recurrent Crohn's disease caused by infusion of intestinal contents in excluded ileum publication-title: Gastroenterology – volume: 411 start-page: 599 year: 2001 article-title: Association of NOD2 leucine-rich repeat variants with susceptibility to Crohn's disease publication-title: Nature – volume: 29 start-page: 75 year: 2009 article-title: Faecal microbiota profile of Crohn's disease determined by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis publication-title: Aliment Pharmacol Ther – volume: 127 start-page: 80 year: 2004 article-title: Enhanced Escherichia coli adherence and invasion in Crohn's disease and colon cancer publication-title: Gastroenterology – volume: 87 start-page: 1042 year: 2007 article-title: Invasive Escherichia coli are a feature of Crohn's disease publication-title: Lab Invest – volume: 48 start-page: 437 year: 2004 article-title: Temporal stability analysis of the microbiota in human feces by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis using universal and group-specific 16S rRNA gene primers publication-title: FEMS Microbiol Ecol – volume: 104 start-page: 13780 year: 2007 article-title: Molecular-phylogenetic characterization of microbial community imbalances in human inflammatory bowel diseases publication-title: Proc Natl Acad Sci USA – volume: 44 start-page: 3980 year: 2006 article-title: Culture-independent analyses of temporal variation of the dominant fecal microbiota and targeted bacterial subgroups in Crohn's disease publication-title: J Clin Microbiol – volume: 23 start-page: 1125 year: 1988 article-title: The obligate anaerobic faecal flora of patients with Crohn's disease and their first-degree relatives publication-title: Scand J Gastroenterol – volume: 9 start-page: 2125 year: 2007 article-title: Diversity of the human gastrointestinal tract microbiota revisited publication-title: Environ Microbiol – volume: 24 start-page: 11 year: 2006 article-title: Review article: the role of bacteria in onset and perpetuation of inflammatory bowel disease publication-title: Aliment Pharmacol Ther – volume: 42 start-page: 817 year: 1997 article-title: Fecal beta-D-galactosidase production and Bifidobacteria are decreased in Crohn's disease publication-title: Dig Dis Sci – volume: 53 start-page: 1937 year: 2003 article-title: Dialister invisus sp nov., isolated from the human oral cavity publication-title: Int J Syst Evol Microbiol – volume: 39 start-page: 207 year: 2007 article-title: A genome-wide association scan of nonsynonymous SNPs identifies a susceptibility variant for Crohn disease in ATG16L1 publication-title: Nat Genet – volume: 15 start-page: 860 year: 1985 article-title: Binding of Coprococcus comes to the Fc portion of IgG. A possible role in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease? publication-title: Eur J Immunol – volume: 12 start-page: 1136 year: 2006 article-title: Abnormal microbiota composition in the ileocolonic mucosa of Crohn's disease patients as revealed by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis publication-title: Inflamm Bowel Dis – volume: 54 start-page: 1239 year: 2005 article-title: Investigations into the influence of host genetics on the predominant eubacteria in the faecal microflora of children publication-title: J Med Microbiol – volume: 39 start-page: 830 year: 2007 article-title: Sequence variants in the autophagy gene IRGM and multiple other replicating loci contribute to Crohn's disease susceptibility publication-title: Nat Genet – volume: 115 start-page: 1405 year: 1998 article-title: Presence of adherent Escherichia coli strains in ileal mucosa of patients with Crohn's disease publication-title: Gastroenterology – volume: 13 start-page: 129 year: 2001 article-title: The host genotype affects the bacterial community in the human gastronintestinal tract publication-title: Microb Ecol Health Dis – volume: 64 start-page: 4514 year: 1996 article-title: Evidence for degradation of gastrointestinal mucin by Candida albicans secretory aspartyl proteinase publication-title: Infect Immun – volume: 12 start-page: 106 year: 2006 article-title: Specificities of the fecal microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease publication-title: Inflamm Bowel Dis – volume: 2 start-page: 716 year: 2008 article-title: Molecular analysis of the gut microbiota of identical twins with Crohn's disease publication-title: ISME J – volume: 151 start-page: 2323 year: 2005 article-title: Genetic characterization of the beta-glucuronidase enzyme from a human intestinal bacterium, Ruminococcus gnavus publication-title: Microbiology – volume: 253 start-page: 303 year: 2005 article-title: Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis gel expansion (DGGEGE)—an attempt to resolve the limitations of co-migration in the DGGE of complex polymicrobial communities publication-title: FEMS Microbiol Lett – volume: 55 start-page: 205 year: 2006 article-title: Reduced diversity of faecal microbiota in Crohn's disease revealed by a metagenomic approach publication-title: Gut – volume: 105 start-page: 16731 year: 2008 article-title: Faecalibacterium prausnitzii is an anti-inflammatory commensal bacterium identified by gut microbiota analysis of Crohn disease patients publication-title: Proc Natl Acad Sci USA – volume: 11 start-page: 282A year: 2000 article-title: Toll-like receptors in innate and adaptive immunity publication-title: Mol Biol Cell – volume: 21 start-page: 517 year: 2006 article-title: Assembly of the human intestinal microbiota publication-title: Trends Ecol Evol – volume: 411 start-page: 603 year: 2001 article-title: A frameshift mutation in NOD2 associated with susceptibility to Crohn's disease publication-title: Nature |
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| Snippet | Background and aimsA general dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota has been established in patients with Crohn's disease (CD), but a systematic... Background and aims A general dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota has been established in patients with Crohn's disease (CD), but a systematic... A general dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota has been established in patients with Crohn's disease (CD), but a systematic characterisation of this... BACKGROUND AND AIMS: A general dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota has been established in patients with Crohn's disease (CD), but a systematic... |
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| SubjectTerms | Adolescent Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Autophagy Bacteria Bacteria - classification Bacteria - isolation & purification Bifidobacterium adolescentis Biological and medical sciences Biopsy Case-Control Studies Clostridium Collinsella aerofaciens Crohn Disease - genetics Crohn Disease - microbiology Crohn's disease Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis - methods DGGE DNA, Bacterial - analysis dysbiosis Escherichia Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Feces - microbiology Female Gastroenterology. Liver. Pancreas. Abdomen Genotype & phenotype Humans Inflammatory bowel disease Irritable bowel syndrome Male Medical sciences Metagenome Middle Aged mucin degradation Other diseases. Semiology Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction - methods Ruminococcus Ruminococcus gnavus Stomach. Duodenum. Small intestine. Colon. Rectum. Anus Studies Symbiosis - genetics Young Adult |
| Title | Dysbiosis of the faecal microbiota in patients with Crohn's disease and their unaffected relatives |
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