Sketch-Based Spatial Queries for the Retrieval of Human Locomotion Patterns in Smart Environments
A system for retrieving video sequences created by tracking humans in a smart environment, by using spatial queries, is presented. Sketches made with a pointing device on the floor layout of the environment are used to form queries corresponding to locomotion patterns. The sketches are analyzed to i...
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| Published in | Advances in Multimedia Vol. 2009; no. 2009; pp. 1 - 13 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Cairo, Egypt
Hindawi Limiteds
01.01.2009
Hindawi Puplishing Corporation Hindawi Publishing Corporation Hindawi Limited John Wiley & Sons, Inc Wiley |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1687-5680 1687-5699 1687-5699 |
| DOI | 10.1155/2009/486465 |
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| Abstract | A system for retrieving video sequences created by tracking humans in a smart environment, by using spatial queries, is presented. Sketches made with a pointing device on the floor layout of the environment are used to form queries corresponding to locomotion patterns. The sketches are analyzed to identify the type of the query. Directional search algorithms based on the minimum distance between points are applied for finding the best matches to the sketch. The results are ranked according to the similarity and presented to the user. The system was developed in two stages. An initial version of the system was implemented and evaluated by conducting a user study. Modifications were made where appropriate, according to the results and the feedback, to make the system more accurate and usable. We present the details of the initial system, the user study and the results, and the modifications thus made. The overall accuracy of retrieval for the initial system was approximately 93%, when tested on a collection of data from a real-life experiment. This is improved to approximately 97% after the modifications. The user interaction strategy and the search algorithms are usable in any environment for automated retrieval of locomotion patterns. The subjects who evaluated the system found it easy to learn and use. Their comments included several prospective applications for the user interaction strategy, providing valuable insight for future directions. |
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| AbstractList | A system for retrieving video sequences created by tracking humans in a smart environment, by using spatial queries, is presented. Sketches made with a pointing device on the floor layout of the environment are used to form queries corresponding to locomotion patterns. The sketches are analyzed to identify the type of the query. Directional search algorithms based on the minimum distance between points are applied for finding the best matches to the sketch. The results are ranked according to the similarity and presented to the user. The system was developed in two stages. An initial version of the system was implemented and evaluated by conducting a user study. Modifications were made where appropriate, according to the results and the feedback, to make the system more accurate and usable. We present the details of the initial system, the user study and the results, and the modifications thus made. The overall accuracy of retrieval for the initial system was approximately 93%, when tested on a collection of data from a real-life experiment. This is improved to approximately 97% after the modifications. The user interaction strategy and the search algorithms are usable in any environment for automated retrieval of locomotion patterns. The subjects who evaluated the system found it easy to learn and use. Their comments included several prospective applications for the user interaction strategy, providing valuable insight for future directions. |
| Author | Gamhewage C. de Silva Kiyoharu Aizawa Toshihiko Yamasaki |
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| Contributor | Yamasaki, Toshihiko Aizawa, Kiyoharu |
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| Copyright | Copyright © 2009 Copyright © 2009 Gamhewage C. de Silva et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
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| References | HarperR.Inside the Smart Home: Ideas, Possibilities, and Methods2003Heidelberg, UKSpringer GottfriedB.Spatial health systemsProceedings of the Pervasive Health Conference and WorkshopsNovember-December 200617 IvanovY. A.WrenC. R.Toward spatial queries for spatial surveillance tasksProceedings of the Pervasive Technology Applied Real-World Experiences with RFID and Sensor Networks (PTA '06)2006 de SilvaG. C.chamds@hal.k.u-tokyo.ac.jpYamasakiT.yamasaki@hal.k.u-tokyo.ac.jpAizawaK.aizawa@hal.k.u-tokyo.ac.jpInteractive experience retrieval for a ubiquitous homeProceedings of the ACM International Multimedia Conference and Exhibition2006454810.1145/1178657.1178667 YamazakiT.yamazaki@nict.go.jpUbiquitous home: real-life testbed for home context-aware serviceProceddings of the 1st International Conference on Testbeds and Research Infrastructures for the Development of Networks and Communities, Tridentcom2005545910.1109/TRIDNT.2005.37 JaimesA.OmuraK.NagamineT.HirataK.Memory cues for meeting video retrievalProceedings of the 1st ACM Workshop on Continuous Archival and Retrieval of Personal Experiences (CARPE '04)20047485 TakahashiM.takahashi@lab1.kuis.kyoto-u.ac.jpItoS.SumiY.TsuchikawaM.KogureK.MaseK.NishidaT.A layered interpretation of human interactions captured by ubiquitous sensorsProceedings of the 1st ACM Workshop on Continuous Archival and Retrieval of Personal Experiences (CARPE '04)20043238 (7) 2007; 40 AugustoJ. C. NugentC. D.Designing Smart Homes — the Role of Artificial Intelligence2006SpringerLecture Notes in Computer Science de SilvaG. C.YamasakiT.AizawaK.Evaluation of video summarization for a large number of cameras in ubiquitous homeProceedings of the Association for Computing Machinery Multimedia2005820828 BlaserA.Geo-spatial sketches (A study of people's sketching behavior and strategies)Technical Report, National Center of Geographic Information and Analysis1998Orono, Me, USAUniversity of Maine ChinJ. P.DiehlV. A.NormanK. L.Development of an instrument measuring user satisfaction of the human-computer interfaceProceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '88)1988213218 AipperspachR.ryanaip@cs.berkeley.eduCohenE.emcohen3@berkeley.eduCannyJ.jfc@cs.berkeley.eduModeling human behavior from simple sensors in the home3968Proceedings of the 4th IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing2006Dublin, Ireland337348Lecture Notes in Computer Science10.1007/11748625_21 (16) 1997; 8 MoriT. NoguchiH.Takada,A.SatoT.Sensing room: distributed sensor environment for measurement of human daily behaviorProceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Networked Sensing Systems (INSS '04)4043 IvanovY.SorokinA.WrenC.KaurI.Tracking people in mixed modality systems6508Visual Communications and Image Processing (VCIP '07)January 2007Proceedings of the SPIE Department of Sensory MediaUbiquitous Sensor RoomATR Media Information Science Laboratories, Kyoto, Japan, http://www.atr.jp/mis/past/im.html#b (11) 2004; 15 AbowdG. D.BobickI.EssaI.MynattE.RogersW. The aware home: developing technologies for successful agingProceedings of the American Association for Artificial Intelligence (AAAI '02)2002 AugustoJ. C.NugentC. D.MartinS.OlphertC.Towards personalization of services and an integrated service model for smart homes applied to elderlyProceedings of International Conference on Smart Homes and health Telematic151158 (1) 2003 (8) 2006 7 |
| References_xml | – volume: 8 start-page: 403 issue: 4 year: 1997 end-page: 424 ident: 16 article-title: Spatial query by sketch – reference: AugustoJ. C.NugentC. D.MartinS.OlphertC.Towards personalization of services and an integrated service model for smart homes applied to elderlyProceedings of International Conference on Smart Homes and health Telematic151158 – reference: de SilvaG. C.chamds@hal.k.u-tokyo.ac.jpYamasakiT.yamasaki@hal.k.u-tokyo.ac.jpAizawaK.aizawa@hal.k.u-tokyo.ac.jpInteractive experience retrieval for a ubiquitous homeProceedings of the ACM International Multimedia Conference and Exhibition2006454810.1145/1178657.1178667 – reference: HarperR.Inside the Smart Home: Ideas, Possibilities, and Methods2003Heidelberg, UKSpringer – reference: TakahashiM.takahashi@lab1.kuis.kyoto-u.ac.jpItoS.SumiY.TsuchikawaM.KogureK.MaseK.NishidaT.A layered interpretation of human interactions captured by ubiquitous sensorsProceedings of the 1st ACM Workshop on Continuous Archival and Retrieval of Personal Experiences (CARPE '04)20043238 – volume: 40 start-page: 52 issue: 5 year: 2007 end-page: 59 ident: 7 article-title: An interactive multimedia diary for the home – volume: 15 start-page: 191 issue: 3 year: 2004 end-page: 199 ident: 11 article-title: Designing acceptable ‘smart’ home technology to support people in the home – reference: IvanovY. A.WrenC. R.Toward spatial queries for spatial surveillance tasksProceedings of the Pervasive Technology Applied Real-World Experiences with RFID and Sensor Networks (PTA '06)2006 – reference: AbowdG. D.BobickI.EssaI.MynattE.RogersW. The aware home: developing technologies for successful agingProceedings of the American Association for Artificial Intelligence (AAAI '02)2002 – reference: AipperspachR.ryanaip@cs.berkeley.eduCohenE.emcohen3@berkeley.eduCannyJ.jfc@cs.berkeley.eduModeling human behavior from simple sensors in the home3968Proceedings of the 4th IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing2006Dublin, Ireland337348Lecture Notes in Computer Science10.1007/11748625_21 – reference: IvanovY.SorokinA.WrenC.KaurI.Tracking people in mixed modality systems6508Visual Communications and Image Processing (VCIP '07)January 2007Proceedings of the SPIE – reference: BlaserA.Geo-spatial sketches (A study of people's sketching behavior and strategies)Technical Report, National Center of Geographic Information and Analysis1998Orono, Me, USAUniversity of Maine – reference: JaimesA.OmuraK.NagamineT.HirataK.Memory cues for meeting video retrievalProceedings of the 1st ACM Workshop on Continuous Archival and Retrieval of Personal Experiences (CARPE '04)20047485 – reference: MoriT. NoguchiH.Takada,A.SatoT.Sensing room: distributed sensor environment for measurement of human daily behaviorProceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Networked Sensing Systems (INSS '04)4043 – reference: Department of Sensory MediaUbiquitous Sensor RoomATR Media Information Science Laboratories, Kyoto, Japan, http://www.atr.jp/mis/past/im.html#b – reference: GottfriedB.Spatial health systemsProceedings of the Pervasive Health Conference and WorkshopsNovember-December 200617 – reference: AugustoJ. C. NugentC. D.Designing Smart Homes — the Role of Artificial Intelligence2006SpringerLecture Notes in Computer Science – reference: YamazakiT.yamazaki@nict.go.jpUbiquitous home: real-life testbed for home context-aware serviceProceddings of the 1st International Conference on Testbeds and Research Infrastructures for the Development of Networks and Communities, Tridentcom2005545910.1109/TRIDNT.2005.37 – reference: de SilvaG. C.YamasakiT.AizawaK.Evaluation of video summarization for a large number of cameras in ubiquitous homeProceedings of the Association for Computing Machinery Multimedia2005820828 – reference: ChinJ. P.DiehlV. A.NormanK. L.Development of an instrument measuring user satisfaction of the human-computer interfaceProceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '88)1988213218 – volume: 15 start-page: 191 issue: 3 year: 2004 ident: 11 publication-title: Technology and Disability – year: 2006 ident: 8 – year: 2003 ident: 1 – volume: 8 start-page: 403 issue: 4 year: 1997 ident: 16 publication-title: Journal of Visual Languages and Computing doi: 10.1006/jvlc.1997.0054 – ident: 7 doi: 10.1109/MC.2007.155 |
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| Title | Sketch-Based Spatial Queries for the Retrieval of Human Locomotion Patterns in Smart Environments |
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