Experimental Techniques in Nuclear and Particle Physics

• Main Author: Tavernier, Stefaan
• Format: eBook Book
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin, Heidelberg Springer Nature 2010; Springer; Springer Berlin / Heidelberg; Springer Berlin Heidelberg
• Edition: 1
• Subjects: Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering; detector gas ionization; electronics nuclear detector; Experiments; meassurement technique nuclear; Measurement Science and Instrumentation; Modern physics; Neutron; Nuclear counters; Nuclear Energy; Nuclear physics; Nuclear physics > Experiments; Nuclear Physics, Heavy Ions, Hadrons; Nuclear physics-Technique; particle acceleration; Particle Acceleration and Detection, Beam Physics; Particle accelerator; Particle and Nuclear Physics; Particle Physics; Particles (Nuclear physics)-Experiments; Particles (Nuclear physics)-Technique; Physics; Physics and Astronomy; principle particle accelerator; radiation matter; Radiation-Measurement; subatomic poarticles; Textbook; textbook detector; textbook nuclear experiments; textbook nuclear physics; textbook particle acceleration; textbook particle physics
• ISBN: 9783642008290; 3642008291; 9783642008283; 3642008283
• DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-00829-0

I have been teaching courses on experimental techniques in nuclear and particle physics to master students in physics and in engineering for many years. This book grew out of the lecture notes I made for these students. The physics and engineering students have rather different expectations of what...

Table of Contents:

• 4.6.1 Micro-strip Gas Counters (MSGC) -- 4.6.2 GEM and MICROMEGAS Counters -- 4.6.3 Resistive Plate Chambers -- 4.7 Exercises -- References -- 5 Detectors Based on Ionisation in Semiconductor Materials -- 5.1 Introduction to Semiconductors -- 5.2 The Semiconductor Junction as a Detector -- 5.3 Silicon Semiconductor Detectors -- 5.4 Germanium Semiconductor Detectors -- 5.5 Other Semiconductor Detector Materials -- 5.6 Exercises -- References -- 6 Detectors Based on Scintillation -- 6.1 Introduction to Scintillators -- 6.2 Organic Scintillators -- 6.3 Inorganic Scintillators -- 6.4 Photodetectors -- 6.5 Using Scintillators in the Nuclear Energy Range -- 6.6 Applications of Scintillators in High-Energy Physics -- 6.7 Applications of Scintillators in Medicine -- 6.8 Exercises -- References -- 7 Neutron Detection -- 7.1 Slow Neutron Detection -- 7.2 Neutron Detectors for Nuclear Reactors -- 7.3 Fast Neutron Detection -- 7.3.1 Detectors for Fast Neutrons Based on Moderation -- 7.3.2 Detectors Based on the Observation of the Recoil Nuclei -- 7.4 Exercises -- Reference -- 8 Electronics for Particle Detectors -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Impulse Response and Transfer Function -- 8.3 Amplifiers for Particle Detectors -- 8.4 The Thermal Noise of a Resistor -- 8.5 Resistor and Transistor Noise in Amplifiers -- 8.5.1 Noise Contribution of a Parallel Resistor or a Series Resistor -- 8.5.2 Noise Due to the First Transistor -- 8.6 Shot Noise -- 8.7 Summary and Conclusions -- 8.8 Exercises -- References -- Solutions to Exercises -- Chapter 1 -- Chapter 2 -- Chapter 3 -- Chapter 4 -- Chapter 5 -- Chapter 6 -- Chapter 7 -- Chapter 8 -- Index
• Cover -- Preface -- Contents -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Documentation -- 1.2 Units and Physical Constants -- 1.3 Special Relativity -- 1.4 Probability and Statistics -- 1.5 The Structure of Matter at the Microscopic Scale -- 1.6 Nuclei and Nuclear Decay -- 1.6.1 The Beta Decay -- 1.6.2 The Alpha Decay -- 1.6.3 The Gamma Decay -- 1.6.4 Electron Capture and Internal Conversion -- 1.6.5 The Radioactive Decay Law -- 1.6.6 The Nuclear Level Diagram -- 1.7 Exercises -- References -- 2 Interactions of Particles in Matter -- 2.1 Cross Section and Mean Free Path -- 2.2 Energy Loss of a Charged Particle due to Its Interaction with the Electrons -- 2.3 Other Electromagnetic Interactions of Charged Particles -- 2.4 Interactions of X-Rays and Gamma Rays in Matter -- 2.5 Interactions of Particles in Matter due to the Strong Force -- 2.6 Neutrino Interactions -- 2.7 Illustrations of the Interactions of Particles -- 2.8 Exercises -- References -- 3 Natural and Man-Made Sources of Radiation -- 3.1 Natural Sources of Radiation -- 3.2 Units of Radiation and Radiation Protection -- 3.3 Electrostatic Accelerators -- 3.4 Cyclotrons -- 3.5 The Quest for the Highest Energy, Synchrotrons and Colliders -- 3.6 Linear Accelerators -- 3.7 Secondary Beams -- 3.8 Applications of Accelerators -- 3.9 Outlook -- 3.10 Exercises -- References -- 4 Detectors Based on Ionisation in Gases -- 4.1 Introduction to Detectors for Subatomic Particles -- 4.2 Ionisation and Charge Transport in Gases -- 4.3 Ionisation Chambers -- 4.4 Counters with Gas Amplification -- 4.5 Applications of Counters with Gas Amplification -- 4.5.1 Proportional Counters for X-Ray Detection -- 4.5.2 Gas Counters for the Tracking of High-Energy Charged Particles -- 4.5.3 Applications of Gas Counters in Homeland Security -- 4.6 Recent Developments in Counters Based on Gas Amplification
• Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Documentation -- 1.2 Units and Physical Constants -- 1.3 Special Relativity -- 1.4 Probability and Statistics -- 1.5 The Structure of Matter at the Microscopic Scale -- 1.6 Nuclei and Nuclear Decay -- 1.6.1 The Beta Decay -- 1.6.2 The Alpha Decay -- 1.6.3 The Gamma Decay -- 1.6.4 Electron Capture and Internal Conversion -- 1.6.5 The Radioactive Decay Law -- 1.6.6 The Nuclear Level Diagram -- 1.7 Exercises -- References -- 2 Interactions of Particles in Matter -- 2.1 Cross Section and Mean Free Path -- 2.2 Energy Loss of a Charged Particle due to Its Interaction with the Electrons -- 2.3 Other Electromagnetic Interactions of Charged Particles -- 2.4 Interactions of X-Rays and Gamma Rays in Matter -- 2.5 Interactions of Particles in Matter due to the Strong Force -- 2.6 Neutrino Interactions -- 2.7 Illustrations of the Interactions of Particles -- 2.8 Exercises -- References -- 3 Natural and Man-Made Sources of Radiation -- 3.1 Natural Sources of Radiation -- 3.2 Units of Radiation and Radiation Protection -- 3.3 Electrostatic Accelerators -- 3.4 Cyclotrons -- 3.5 The Quest for the Highest Energy, Synchrotrons and Colliders -- 3.6 Linear Accelerators -- 3.7 Secondary Beams -- 3.8 Applications of Accelerators -- 3.9 Outlook -- 3.10 Exercises -- References -- 4 Detectors Based on Ionisation in Gases -- 4.1 Introduction to Detectors for Subatomic Particles -- 4.2 Ionisation and Charge Transport in Gases -- 4.3 Ionisation Chambers -- 4.4 Counters with Gas Amplification -- 4.5 Applications of Counters with Gas Amplification -- 4.5.1 Proportional Counters for X-Ray Detection -- 4.5.2 Gas Counters for the Tracking of High-Energy Charged Particles -- 4.5.3 Applications of Gas Counters in Homeland Security -- 4.6 Recent Developments in Counters Based on Gas Amplification